1.5 Motion and Time

Motion is not the only indicator of the passage of time in art. ________ use the changing properties of organic material to create a sense of time passing in their art.

Bioartists

This type of sculpture can move and change its visual form.

kinetic

Artists started depicting time in art only in the twentieth century, and no other artwork that implied movement was made before 1900.

False

If Alexander Calder's Untitled mobile was powered by a small motor, rather than air currents, it would not be an example of actual motion.

False

This American sculptor creates spinning sculptures that are intended to be viewed while a strobe light is flashing to create an impression of motion. His/her work Drum 52 features an illusion that green liquid spheres rise up into a hand and the illusion repeats as long as the spinning and strobe lighting continues. What is this sculptor's name?

Gregory Barsamian

Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.

animation

Kinetic sculpture is an object that physically moves, and the Dutch artist "Theo" Jansen likes to create his own type of mechanical "animal." He places these sculptures on beaches where there are strong winds, so the mechanism can walk across the sand. What does he call these objects?

Strandbeests

This American novelist noted that the "aim of every artist is to arrest motion."

William Faulkner

In a series of three photographs that reference a lack of Chinese government concern for the past, the artist Ai Weiwei captured the destruction of what valuable object?

a 2,000-year-old urn

This kind of motion is occurring when we see movement in real life.

actual motion

Duration, tempo, intensity, scope, setting, and chronology are:

all of the other answers

If the action portrayed in the early film Fred Ott's Sneeze was not a sneeze, but a man simply wiping his nose, this would have an effect on the level of intensity in the movie. The movie would be ________.

less intense

Alexander Calder invented the ________, a type of suspended, balanced sculpture that uses air currents to power its movement.

mobile

Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.

motion ... time

Bernini's sculpture of Apollo and Daphne is based on a mythological story in which a god pursues a nymph. The artist used diagonal lines and flowing drapery to convey the ________ of the chase.

movement

In her work Astroculture (Shelf Life), bioartist Suzanne Anker experiments with growing plants in artificial light for use in ________.

outer space

Ron Lambert's sculptural work Sublimate (Cloud Cover) replicates the natural process of the water cycle to illustrate the ________.

passage of time

This medium involves the human body and usually includes the artist.

performance art

This type of art can only exist in one place and time in history.

performance art

This spinning disc (spindle viewer) with images on it gives a sense of motion to a viewer when he or she looks through small slits in a second disc at the changing pictures.

phenakistoscope

When an artist employs visual clues to suggest movement in a work of art that is static and motionless, this is known as ________.

implied motion

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla illustrated the rapid movement of a dog running on a leash by painting a series of ________ in order to give the impression that we are seeing motion as it happens.

repeating marks

If a figure in an artwork has drapery billowing out behind it, and appears to have multiple feet in different positions, the viewer might assume that this figure is ________.

running forwards

In his film Run Lola Run, Tom Tykwer extends the ________ of the storyline beyond the everyday passage of time by "rebooting" Lola's journey multiple times.

scope

The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________.

stroboscopic motion

This artist, who created the work Cataract 3, used the natural movement of the human eye to create illusions of motion.

Bridget Riley

The Italian Futurist artist Giacomo Balla implied motion by repetition and inference in his work ________ of a Dog on a Leash.

Dynamism

This art movement of the 1960s relies on perceptual anomalies of the human eye to create dynamic effects.

Op art

Nancy Holt created this work, which intertwines the passage of time with the movement of the sun.

Solar Rotary

Jenny Holzer created an illusion of motion using a spiraling electronic message board in this New York museum designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

Solomon R. Guggenheim Musem

This inventor co-created the film Fred Ott's Sneeze, which was one of the first American movies.

Thomas Edison

Performance artists in the Cirque du Soleil rely on bodily movements to communicate ideas without speech.

True

When painters in the workshop of the fifteenth-century artist known as the Master of Osservanza illustrated The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul, they solved the problem of how to ________ in a single painting by merging a series of episodes into one picture.

tell a story

When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.

the illusion of motion