16.10-16.14

Inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in ANSWER: diabetes mellitus. goiter. diabetes insipidus. Addison disease. acromegaly.

a

Melatonin is produced by the ANSWER: pineal gland. thymus. kidneys. heart. skin.

a

The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by ANSWER: decreased resistance to disease and infection. increasing ability to produce glucose from glycogen. increased pumping effectiveness of the heart. all of the above none of the above

a

Which of the following might occur in an overdose of insulin? ANSWER: low blood glucose polyuria high blood glucose ketoacidosis glycosuria

a

Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause ANSWER: rickets. gigantism. acromegaly. diabetes insipidus. dwarfism.

b

If a diabetic patient received too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting ANSWER: GHIH. glucagon. aldosterone. thyroid hormone. antidiuretic hormone.

b

The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is ANSWER: thyroid hormone. epinephrine. cortisol. aldosterone. testosterone.

b

Which of the following hormones may lead to acromegaly if hypersecreted after closure of the epiphyseal plates? ANSWER: epinephrine growth hormone insulin parathyroid hormone cortisol

b

Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma? ANSWER: steroid-binding protein albumin translipin hormone-binding protein gamma globulin

b

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the ANSWER: lipoproteins. metalloproteins. immunoglobulins. fibrinogens. albumins.

c

The enzyme renin is responsible for the activation of ANSWER: cortisol. adrenaline. angiotensin. atrial natriuretic peptide. erythropoietin.

c

Which of these hormones increases production of red blood cells? ANSWER: cortisol thymosin erythropoietin atrial natriuretic peptide aldosterone

c

Cushing disease results from an excess of ANSWER: parathyroid hormone. ADH. growth hormone. glucocorticoids. epinephrine.

d

During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) there is ANSWER: increased urine release. decreased rate of respiration. decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles and skin. mobilization of energy reserves. decreased mental alertness.

d

During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) ANSWER: proteins are conserved. blood glucose levels fall drastically. levels of growth hormone decrease. lipid reserves are mobilized. levels of insulin decrease.

d

In persons with untreated diabetes mellitus, ANSWER: blood glucose levels are very high. glucose is present in the urine in large amounts. a large excretion of urine occurs. all of the above

d

The kidneys secrete ANSWER: renin. erythropoietin. calcitriol. all of the above none of the above

d

Inadequate iodine in the diet may lead to ANSWER: hypothyroidism. cretinism. goiter. high blood levels of TSH. all of the above

e

Pinealocytes produce ANSWER: MSH. melanin. LH. FSH. melatonin.

e

Too little secretion of cortisol causes ANSWER: diabetes mellitus. Cushing disease. diabetes insipidus. goiter. Addison disease.

e