20 Flash Cards
"An act to provide for the allotment of lands in severally to Indians on the various reservations, and to extend the protection of the laws of the United States and the Territories over the Indians, and for other purposes"
"Dawes Act." Dawes Severalty Act Of 1887 (2009): 1. History Reference Center. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
To each head of a family, one-quarter of a section; To each single person over eighteen years of age, one-eighth of a section; To each orphan child under eighteen years of age, one-eighth of a section;
"Dawes Act." Dawes Severalty Act Of 1887 (2009): 1. History Reference Center. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
" Individuals would be allowed to select their allotments, but a tribe that had been marked by the Indian Office for allotment could not stop the process. Subsequent amendments gave the secretary of the interior the authority to sell or lease these allotted lands"
"Dawes Act." Encyclopedia of North American Indians (Houghton Mifflin). 154. US: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 1996. History Reference Center. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
"the allotment process deprived Indian people of more than 90 million acres of land--or around two-thirds of their total land base."
"Dawes Act." Encyclopedia of North American Indians (Houghton Mifflin). 154. US: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 1996. History Reference Center. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
At that time, Native Americans owned about 138 million acres. By 1900, however, the amount of land had dropped to 78 million acres.
Bickford-Duane, Pauline. "DESTROYING A Culture." Cobblestone 36.1 (2015): 17. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
School administrators assigned new names to the students. They gave the students western-style clothing to wear and unfamiliar foods to eat. Long hair, which was encouraged and admired in native families, was forbidden at the schools. Teachers and administrators punished children for speaking their native language or for practicing native traditions or celebrations. Supporters of the schools hoped that the children would forget their heritage and adopt the customs of American culture.
Bickford-Duane, Pauline. "DESTROYING A Culture." Cobblestone 36.1 (2015): 17. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
The Dawes Act encouraged—or forced—Native Americans to adopt nonnative customs, language, and clothing.
Bickford-Duane, Pauline. "DESTROYING A Culture." Cobblestone 36.1 (2015): 17. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
This effort would cut native people's ties to large tribes and make them live more like traditional American families.
Bickford-Duane, Pauline. "DESTROYING A Culture." Cobblestone 36.1 (2015): 17. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 8 Oct. 2015.
"Federal policy was enshrined in the General Allotment (Dawes) Act of 1887 which decreed that Indian Reservation land was to he divided into plots and allocated to individual Native Americans."
Boxer, Andrew. "Native Americans And The Federal Government." History Review 64 (2009): 7. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
In practice, this meant requiring them to become as much like white Americans as possible: converting to Christianity, speaking English, wearing western clothes and hair styles, and living as self-sufficient, independent Americans.
Boxer, Andrew. "Native Americans And The Federal Government." History Review 64 (2009): 7. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
This meant that the education of Native American children -- many in boarding schools away from the influence of their parents -- was considered an essential part of the civilising process. The principal of the best-known school for Indian children at Carlisle in Pennsylvania boasted that his aim for each child was to 'kill the Indian in him and save the man'.
Boxer, Andrew. "Native Americans And The Federal Government." History Review 64 (2009): 7. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
" It was designed to encourage the breakup of the tribes and promote the assimilation of Indians into American society."
http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0600/frameset_reset.html?
"Many Indians did not want to take up agriculture, and those who did want to farm could not afford the tools, animals, seed, and other supplies necessary to get started"
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=50
As America grew to the status of a world power, the first Americans were reduced to hopelessness.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/40d.asp
Land not allotted to individual landholders was sold to railroad companies and settlers from the East
http://www.ushistory.org/us/40d.asp
Congress hoped that this system would end the dependency of the tribes on the federal government, enable Indians to become individually prosperous, and assimilate the Indians into mainstream American life. After 25 years, participants would become American citizens.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/40d.asp\
"But Kinney neglected evidence from sources such as the 1928 Meriam Report, which indicated that many Native Americans' lives had worsened during the Dawes Act era."
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=rwG53AmIYWAC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Dawes+Act&ots=oQ8fJzNQG7&sig=RKrFaKB2d6F7aaGuTq8JLMP_Pv0#v=onepage&q=Dawes%20Act&f=false
"The Dawes Act resulted in land loss and undermined Indians' self-sufficiency, while other assimilation programs disrupted Indian cultural practices and interfered with traditional leadership."
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=rwG53AmIYWAC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Dawes+Act&ots=oQ8fJzNQG7&sig=RKrFaKB2d6F7aaGuTq8JLMP_Pv0#v=onepage&q=Dawes%20Act&f=false
Supporters of the Dawes Act believed that it would "civilize" Native Americans by their traits, economics, and how they lived.
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=rwG53AmIYWAC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Dawes+Act&ots=oQ8fJzNQG7&sig=RKrFaKB2d6F7aaGuTq8JLMP_Pv0#v=onepage&q=Dawes%20Act&f=false
The Dawes Act was made to assimilate Indians into the American mainstream by dividing what the land they used to have into smaller sections so that they could live as one family instead of a tribe. This would separate the tribe and create them into a standard american family as we have today or in the 1880's.
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=rwG53AmIYWAC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Dawes+Act&ots=oQ8fJzNQG7&sig=RKrFaKB2d6F7aaGuTq8JLMP_Pv0#v=onepage&q=Dawes%20Act&f=false
