202010 HFST-1020-100 Nutrition Snow Final VM

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said, _______.

"All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven"

Being underweight reduces a person's risk of illness and infection.

False

Which of the following food is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

Fat-free milk

Most lipids have ________in their chemical structures.

Fatty acids

The following information is describing a fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Part of TPP, may help produce neurotransmitters.Food Source: Pork, wheat germ, enriched breads and cereals, brewer's yeast.Deficiency: Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.Toxicity: none

Thiamin

Why is it important to study nutrition?

To select the appropriate mix of nutrients for proper body functioning

The lining of the small intestine is covered with _______, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients form food.

Villi

_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs.

Visceral

According to the "set point theory," a person's _________.

body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter

The signs and symptoms of most food-borne illnesses generally occur in the _____ system.

digestive

Compared to other people, a person who has a "thrifty metabolism" _________.

gains weight more easily

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ____________.

heat to kill pathogens

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutritional contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices?

%DVs

Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom, wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ____ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.

20

Pathogenic bacteria are likely to multiply rapidly when environmental temperatures are between ____________.

41 and 135 ºF

An ________ is substance that protects vulnerable molecules from free radicals.

Antioxidant

Proteins ________.

Are comprised of amino acids

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?

Brain

A primary function of the digestive system is the ______.

Breakdown of food into nutrients

The following information is describing a major or trace mineral. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Structural component of bones and teeth, blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, and regulation of metabolism.Food Sources: Milk and milk products, canned fish, tofu, leafy vegetables, orange juice.Deficiency: Increased risk of osteoporosis, may increase risk of hypertension,Toxicity: Kidney stones and interfere with the absorption of other minerals.

Calcium

Which of the following are major minerals?

Calcium, sodium, chloride, potassium

Which of the following foods is NOT usually responsible for causing allergic responses?

Carrots and celery

Metabolic reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller ones are classified as ________.

Catabolic

Today's Americans buy more _______ than recommended.

Cheese

_________ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual function.

Denaturation

Pancreatic amylase _______.

Digests starch in the small intestine

To reduce the risk of food-borne illness, which of these guidelines should you follow?

Do not buy food in dented cans.

Which of the following is NOT a biological or physiological factor that influences a person's food choices?

Emotional stress level

Which of the following does NOT affect nutrient needs?

Ethnicity

Which of the following topics is one of the five overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for American?

Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan

Give the creator some love for helping you out

Follow/add PhilRic19 on insta and snap

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as _______.

Glycogen

_________ is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules.

Glycogenolysis

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an intentional food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

The __ carries cholesterol into tissues, while the __ transports cholesterol away from tissues to the liver for elimination.

I'm sorry Idk

Which of the following characteristics is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Increasing age

The following information is describing a major or trace mineral. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: component of thyroid hormones.Food Sources: Iodized salt, saltwater fish, dairy products.Deficiency: Goiter and Cretinism.Toxicity: Reduced thyroid gland function.

Iodine

In the United States, _______ deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency.

Iron

Which enzyme breaks down lipids in the small intestine?

Lipase

Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of _______.

Low-fat dairy products

Which of the following measurement techniques is a convenient, practical, and inexpensive way to determine if a person has an unhealthy distribution of body fat?

Measuring the person's waist circumference

_________ is a chemical pathway that enables muscle cells and liver to store glucose as glycogen.

Not Gluconeogenesis

The synthesis of fatty acids is known as ________.

Not Lipolysis

The following information is describing a major or trace mineral. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Promotes iron metabolism, component of antioxidant enzymes, component of enzymes involved in connective tissue synthesis.Food Sources: Liver, cocoa, legumes, whole grains, shellfish.Deficiency: Anemia, reduced immune system function, poor growth and development. Toxicity: Vomiting, abnormal nervous system function, liver damage.

Not Manganese

In the human body, water is involved in _________.

Regulating body temperature

Chyme is the _______.

Semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach

What organ is the MAJOR site for carbohydrate digestion and absorption?

Small Intestine

The following information is describing a major or trace mineral. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Maintenance of proper fluid balance, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, transport of certain substances into cells.Food Sources: Table salt, luncheon meats, processed foods, pretzels, chips, and other snack food, condiments, sauces.Deficiency: Muscle cramps.Toxicity: Hypertension, increases in urinary calcium losses.

Sodium

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

Starch

_____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.

Subcutaneous

The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

The following information is describing a fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Normal vision and reproduction, cellular growth, immune system function. Food Sources: Liver, milk, fortified cereals, yellow-orange and dark green fruits and vegetables.Deficiency: Night blindness and xerophthalmia.Toxicity: Nausea and vomiting, headaches, bone pain and fractures, hair loss, liver damage.

Vitamin A

The following information is describing a fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Connective tissue synthesis and maintenance, antioxidant, synthesis of neurotransmitters and certain hormones, immune system functioning.Food Sources: Peppers, citrus fruits, papayas, broccoli, cabbage, berries.Deficiency: Scurvy.Toxicity: Diarrhea and GI tract discomfort.

Vitamin C

The following information is describing a fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Production of active blood-clotting factors.Food Sources: Green leafy vegetables, canola and soybean oils.Deficiency: Excessive bleeding.Toxicity: Unknown.

Vitamin K

________ are fat-soluble vitamins.

Vitamins K, D, and A

Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?

Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?

Dennis wants to gain weight, primarily as lean tissue. In addition to performing resistance exercise regularly, he should _________.

add nutrient-dense, healthy sources of energy to his diet, including fatty fish, whole-grain cereals, nuts, peanut butter, and olive oil

Consuela is an overweight young woman who wants to lose 10 pounds. The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to _________.

decrease her usual daily energy intake

Which of the following is not a typical sign or symptom of food-borne illness?

Chest pain

Having a control group enables researchers to _______.

Compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group

Which of the following nutrients is a trace mineral?

Copper

A refined grain product that has iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid added to replace amounts lost during processing has been _______.

Enriched

Compared to a triglyceride molecule, an amino acid molecule _______.

Has nitrogen is its chemical structure

The following information is describing a major or trace mineral. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: component of hemoglobin and myoglobin, energy generation, immune system function.Food Sources: Meat and other animal foods, whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals, fortified cereals.Deficiency: Fatigue, anemia, poor immune system function, growth and developmental retardation in infants.Toxicity: Intestinal upset, organ damage, and death

Iron

Which of the following food preservation methods treats the food with a high amount of energy that destroys the genetic material of pathogens?

Irradiating

The process of digesting food begins in the ______.

Mouth

An essential nutrient

Must be supplied by the diet.

________ are water-soluble vitamins.

Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin

B vitamins generally function as ________.

Parts of coenzymes

Minerals generally function as ___.

Parts of cofactors

Which of the following food is both energy and nutrient dense?

Peanut butter

Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called _______.

Peristalsis

Which of the following is not a typical feature of fad diets? DON'T KNOW FOR SURE!!!!!

Physical activity

Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella?

Raw chicken

The following information is describing a fat-soluble or water-soluble vitamin. Please choose from one of the answers below. Function: Absorption of calcium and phosphorus, maintenance of normal blood calcium, calcification of bone, maintenance of immune function.Food Sources: Vitamin D-fortified milk, fortified cereals, fish oils, fatty fish.Deficiency: Rickets and osteomalacia, soft bones, depressed growth, reduced immune system functioning.Toxicity: Poor growth, calcium deposits in soft tissues.

Vitamin D

The __ hormone decreases high glucose levels in the blood, while the hormone __ increases low glucose levels in the blood.

insulin, glucagon