24 Urinary Quiz

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys each minute

Urethra

Conduction pathway to the exterior

Filtration Pressure

The difference between the hydrostatic pressure and the colloid pressure across the glomerular capillaries.

Net hydrostatic pressure

The difference between: the pressure pushing water and solutes out of the blood stream & the pressure pushing water and solutes into the blood stream.

Bladder

a muscular sac for temporary storage of urine

The muscular band that acts as a valve permitting voluntary control of micturition is called the _____. a.external urethra sphincter b.detrusor muscle c.internal urethral sphincter d.smooth muscle of the ureters

a.external urethra sphincter

The glomerular capillaries are _____. a.fenestrated b.normal c.sinusoids

a.fenestrated

The renal corpuscle consists of the _____. a.glomerulus and Bowman's capsule b.renal pelvis and renal papillae c.proximal and distal convoluted tubules d.major calyces and minor calyces

a.glomerulus and Bowman's capsule

After passage through the ascending limb f the nephron loop and entering the DCT, the filtrate is _____. a.less concentrated than in ascending limb b.more concentrated than in ascending limb c.equal to ascending limb

a.less concentrated than in ascending limb

The solute concentration of the filtrate in "bend" of the nephron loop is _____. a.less concentrated than in the PCT b.less concentrated than in the DCT c.greatly more concentrated than in the PCT or DCT d.equal to the PCT and DCT

a.less concentrated than in the PCT

The cells of juxtaglomerular apparatus between the efferent & afferent arterioles of the renal corpuscle _____. a.secretes erythropoietin and renin b.secretes sodium and chloride ions c.absorbs amino acids and polypeptides d.senses sugar levels in the blood

a.secretes erythropoietin and renin

The mucosa of the urinary bladder consists of _____. a.transitional epithelium b.detrusor muscles c.stratified squamous epithelium d.simple cuboidal epithelium

a.transitional epithelium

Interlobular (cortical radiate) arteries branch to form _____, which enter _____. a. vasa recta, venules b. afferent arterioles, glomeruli c. efferent arterioles, glomeruli

b. afferent arterioles, glomeruli

Proteins are a normal component of filtrate and urine. a.true b.false

b. false

The urethra carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. a. true b. false

b. false urethra carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Each kidney has _____ nephrons. a.2.5 million b.1.25 million c.500,000 d.250,000

b.1.25 million

In the PCT, reabsorption of sodium, potassium, & sulfate requires energy and are, therefore, transported by _____. a.facilitated diffusion b.active transport c.counter transport d.diffusion

b.active transport

Countercurrent mechanisms of the nephron loop refer to the _____. a.exchange occurring between fluids moving in the same direction b.exchange occurring between fluids moving in opposite directions c.lack of exchange between two fluids d.none of the above are correct

b.exchange occurring between fluids moving in opposite directions

Which of the following is NOT found in normal urine? a.sodium b.glucose c.urea d.creatine

b.glucose

Compared to the pressure of other capillary networks, the glomerular hydrostatic pressure is _____. a.equal b.higher c.lower

b.higher

The fluid in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle moves _____ the fluid in the descending limb. a.slower than b.in the opposite direction as c.faster than d.in the same direction as

b.in the opposite direction as

Segmental arteries divide into _____ arteries, which in turn supply blood to the _____ arteries. a.efferent, intersegmental b.interlobar, arcuate c.interlobular, afferent d.interlobular, arcuate

b.interlobar, arcuate

The inner layer of the kidney is the _____. a.renal papilla b.medulla c.cortex d.renal sinus

b.medulla

The renal papilla _____. a.consists of 6 to 18 pyramids b.projects into the renal sinus c.absorbs excess water d.all of the above are correct

b.projects into the renal sinus

Aldosterone _____. a.regulates water secretion b.regulate potassium and sodium exchange c.regulates osmolarity of urine d.regulates glucose and amino acid exchange

b.regulates potassium and sodium exchange

There are _____ major types of nephrons. a.five b.two c.four d.three

b.two

Antidiuretic hormone regulates _____. a.sodium reabsorption b.water reabsorption c.calcium reabsorption d.urea reabsorption

b.water reabsorption

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

blood pressure in the glomerular capsule

Cortical nephrons account for about _____ percent of all nephrons. a. 70 b. 15 c. 5 d. 60

c. 85

The capillary network found inside the renal corpuscle is called the _____. a.Bowman's capsule b.loop of Henle c.glomerulus d.renal tubule

c.glomerulus

The net filtration pressure (NFP) in a typical glomerulus averages about _____ mm Hg. a.40 b.20 c.1 d.10

d.10

Reabsorption and secretion of tubular solutes at the involve _____. a.osmosis b.diffusion c.carrier-mediated transport d.all of the above are correct

d.all of the above are correct

The kidneys are supportted by the a.renal capsule b.adipose capsule c.renal fascia d.all of the above are correct

d.all of the above are correct

The blood capillaries surrounding the loop of Henle are called _____. a.glomeruli b.Bowman's capsule c.juxtaglomerular apparatus d.vasa recta

d.vasa recta

Which of the following are function of the urinary system? a.detoxifying poisons b.regulating ion concentrations c.stabilizing pH d.conserving nutrients e.all of the above are correct

e.all of the above are correct

Which of the following are functions of the urinary system? a.detoxifying poisons b.regulating ion concentrations c.stabilizing pH d.conserving nutrients e.all of the above are correct

e.all of the above are correct

Capsular hydrostatic pressure

force of fluid in the glomerular capsule on the blood

Renal capsule

layer of collagen fibers covering and protecting the kidney

Kidney

organ that filters blood and maintains fluid homeostasis

Blood colloid osmotic pressure

osmotic pressure resulting from suspended proteins, drawing water out of the filtrate

Ureter

passageway carrying urine to storage area

Adrenal gland

produces steroid hormones essential for life