314 exam 2 practice questions - MUSCULOSKELETAL

An adult client tells the nurse that he eats sardines every day. The nurse should instruct the client that a diet high in purines can contribute to gouty arthritis. osteomalacia. bone fractures. osteomyelitis.

gouty arthritis.

An older adult client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has had shooting pain in both of her legs. The nurse should assess the client for signs and symptoms of herniated intervertebral disc. rheumatoid arthritis. osteoporosis. metastases.

herniated intervertebral disc.

A nurse conducts a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system of a client who reports upper arm pain. Which instruction should the nurse provide the client when assessing flexion of the elbow? "Bend your elbow." "Straighten your elbow." "Turn your palms down." "With palms down, point your fingers toward the floor."

"Bend your elbow."

A nurse wants to assess the prevertebral muscles of a client who reports neck stiffness. In order to effectively conduct the physical examination of this area, the nurse should give which instruction to the client? "Bring your chin to your chest." "Look up at the ceiling." "Look over one shoulder and then the other." "Bring your ear to your shoulder."

"Bring your chin to your chest."

When assessing muscle tone and strength, the nurse would document expected findings as "extremity muscle strength is 5/5 bilaterally" "upper and lower extremity muscle strength is 5/5 bilaterally" "upper and lower extremity muscle strength is 5/5" "upper extremity muscle strength is 5/5 bilaterally"

"upper and lower extremity muscle strength is 5/5 bilaterally"

How would the nurse document normal muscle strength? 1:1 2 & 2 4+ 5/5

5/5

A client visits the health care facility with reports of lumbar back pain that radiates down the back. The nurse performs the straight leg test to determine the origin of the pain. Which techniques should the nurse use to perform this test? Ask the client to raise the leg to the point of pain and then dorsiflex the foot Instruct the client to bend forward and touch the toes Instruct the client to touch the chin to the chest Palpate the spinous processes and the paravertebral muscles

Ask the client to raise the leg to the point of pain and then dorsiflex the foot

After a physical assessment, the nurse determines that a client has full range of motion of the temporomandibular joint. Which of the following assessments did the nurse complete with the client? (Select all that apply.) Asked the client to open and close the mouth Asked the client to jut the jaw forward Asked the client to rock the jaw laterally Asked the client to swallow Asked the client to extend the tongue

Asked the client to open and close the mouth Asked the client to jut the jaw forward Asked the client to rock the jaw laterally

Which nutrient deficiency should a nurse recognize as placing a client at risk for osteoporosis? Protein Vitamin C Vitamin D Calcium

Calcium

A client presents to the health care clinic with reports of onset of neck pain 3 days ago. The nurse recognizes that the most common cause of neck pain is what condition? Cervical disc degenerative disease Cervical spinal cord compression Compression fractures Cervical strain

Cervical strain

A client complains of chronic pain and fatigue. The nurse suspects fibromyalgia. What is a diagnosis of this condition based on? Lab tests X-rays Client's symptoms Range of motion tests

Client's symptoms

A nurse notices that a client has decreased range of motion with lateral bending of the cervical spine to the left side. What should the nurse do next in relation to this finding? Notify the health care provider for further orders Ask the client about previous injuries to the head and neck Compare this finding to the range of motion to the right side Finish with the assessment of the cervical spine before documenting

Compare this finding to the range of motion to the right side

During the nursing history of a newly admitted client, the nurse is reviewing a client's current medication regimen. What medication category creates a risk for decreased bone density? Beta-adrenergic blockers Corticosteroids Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) Calcium channel blockers

Corticosteroids

Risk factors in which of the following areas are most readily changed to reduce the potential risk for falls? Social Cognitive Physiological Environmental

Environmental

While assessing the knee joint of a client, a nurse also explains about the typical motions associated with that joint. What would the nurse include? Circumduction Flexion Abduction Internal rotation

Flexion

The nurse is assessing the range of motion (ROM) of a client's joints. What would the nurse use to assess flexion and extension of a joint if the client complains of pain on examination? Calibrator Scoliometer Angulator Goniometer

Goniometer

A client presents to the health care clinic with reports of pain in the hands and right wrist. Additional history reveals that the client is a factory worker who spends all day performing the same repetitive task. The nurse performs Phalen's test and Tinel's test with positive results. The hand grips are unequal, with the right weaker than the left. What nursing diagnosis can the nurse confirm from this data? Risk for Trauma Impaired Physical Mobility Disturbed Body Image Activity Intolerance

Impaired Physical Mobility

A client has rheumatoid arthritis most prominent in the hands, where the client has decreased range of motion (ROM), pain, and tenderness. What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client? Impaired physical mobility related to reduced strength and ROM Risk for depression related to immobility Risk for falls related to degenerative joint disease Risk for infection related to pain and inflammation

Impaired physical mobility related to reduced strength and ROM

Increased lumbar curvature, which compensates for the enlarging uterus in pregnant women, is called what? Lordosis Kyphosis Scoliosis Keratosis

Lordosis

A nurse is preparing a program on osteoporosis for a local women's group. Which of the following would the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor? Small-boned, thin frame Personal history of fractures Low estrogen levels Age

Low estrogen levels

A nurse notices that a client's flexibility of the right elbow is less than the left elbow. What is an appropriate action by the nurse in regard to this finding? Notify the health care provider Assess the client's hand grips Measure movement with a goniometer Note that the dominant side is stronger

Measure movement with a goniometer

The nurse is planning a presentation on osteoporosis to a group of high school students. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the presentation? Bone density rises to a peak at age 50 for both sexes. Bone density in the Asian population is higher than in the white population. Moderate strenuous exercise tends to increase bone density. Approximately 5 million fractures in the United States are due to osteoporosis.

Moderate strenuous exercise tends to increase bone density.

The nurse is testing a client for carpal tunnel syndrome. The client flexes the wrists at an angle of 90° and holds the backs of the hands to each other for 60 seconds. The client tells the nurse that he is experiencing a burning pain as a result. Which test is the nurse performing on this client? Phalen's Tinel's Ballottement McMurray's

Phalen's

The nurse is working with a client who has leukemia, which affects the red marrow of the bones. The nurse understands that which of the following is characteristic of red marrow? Is composed mostly of fat Produces red blood cells Covers the bones and contains osteoblasts and blood vessels Is hard and dense and makes up the shaft and outer layers

Produces red blood cells

When assessing the elbow, a nurse asks a client to hold the arm out and turn the palm down. The nurse is testing which of the following? Pronation Flexion Rotation Supination

Pronation

In assessing a client's temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the nurse asks the client to move the jaw forward. This movement is known as which of the following? Protraction Retraction Pronation Supination

Protraction

A 38-year-old woman presents with multiple small joints that are symmetrically involved with pain, swelling, and stiffness. Which of the following is the most likely explanation? Rheumatoid arthritis Septic arthritis Gout Trauma

Rheumatoid arthritis

The nurse asks the client to "raise the arm out to the side" in the position shown. What is the nurse assessing? Elbow abduction Elbow adduction Shoulder abduction Shoulder adduction

Shoulder abduction

The nurse is assessing a client with joint pain and is trying to decide whether it is inflammatory or non-inflammatory. Which of the following symptoms is consistent with an inflammatory process? Tenderness Cool temperature Ecchymosis Nodules

Tenderness

The nurse is conducting a musculoskeletal assessment of an older adult client. What aspect of the client's medical history requires the nurse to alter the usual sequence or content of this assessment? The client takes medications to treat hypertension. The client suffered a fractured humerus 1 year earlier. The client has a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The client had a total hip replacement 2 years ago.

The client had a total hip replacement 2 years ago.

The nurse is performing an assessment of an ambulatory client's musculoskeletal system. What would the nurse examine first? The client's leg length The client's lateral bending ability The client's cervical ROM The client's gait

The client's gait

After assessing the client for posture and body alignment, how would the nurse document head position in relation to the spine if alignment is normal with noticeable defect? The head is midline and aligned with the spine

The head is midline and aligned with the spine

A nurse is inspecting a client's gait. Which of the following would indicate an abnormal finding? Toes point out Posture is erect Arms swing in opposition Weight is evenly distributed

Toes point out

Which nutrient deficiency should a nurse recognize as placing a client at risk for osteomalacia (rickets)? Protein Vitamin C Vitamin D Calcium

Vitamin D

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that she has joint pain in her hands, especially in the morning. The nurse should assess the client further for signs and symptoms of arthritis. osteoporosis. carpal tunnel syndrome. a neurologic disorder.

arthritis

A client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that after playing softball yesterday, he thinks his knee is "locking up." The nurse should perform the McMurray test by asking the client to move from a standing to a squatting position. raise his leg while in a supine position. bend forward while trying to touch the toes. flex the knee and hip while in a supine position.

flex the knee and hip while in a supine position.

Articulation between the head of the femur and the acetabulum is in the knee joint. tibial joint. ankle joint. hip joint.

hip joint

When providing teaching to clients in the community, a nurse is accurate in stating that the musculoskeletal system is most closely aligned with which other body system? neurological system gastrointestinal system renal system integumentary system

neurological system

While assessing the musculoskeletal system of an adult client, the nurse observes hard painless nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints. The nurse should document the presence of osteoarthritis. bursitis. tendonitis. rheumatoid arthritis.

osteoarthritis

A client with a sports injury reports ankle pain. The nurse suspects an ankle fracture. Which findings would support this suspicion? Select all that apply. recent trauma inability to weight bear when taking four steps tenderness over the posterior malleolus bone spurs on the calcaneus inflammation of the metatarsophalangeal joint

recent trauma inability to weight bear when taking four steps tenderness over the posterior malleolus

A client has uneven height of the shoulders and hips. What should the nurse suspect this client is demonstrating? lordosis scoliosis kyphosis sacroiliitis

scoliosis