3B exam review

the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.

climate

economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.

industry

the replenishment of said source may not be able to keep up and supply the amount as quickly as it is consumed

limited resources

most meteoroids that enter our atmosphere, burn up by this layer

mesoshpere

Major components of earths atmosphere

nitrogen and oxygen

resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption.

nonrenewable resources

an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.

organism

use too much / excessive use.

overuse (of resources)

in the atmosphere it condenses into a cloud that produces precipitation

. H2O

this seems to have the most major effects on people and the environment; effects agriculture, energy usage, water supplies, health, organisms and ecosystems, forests, and recreation.

. higher temperatures in general

trace elements

0.1%

Argon

0.9%

Oxygen

21%

nitrogen

78%

animal respiration (exhale)

CO2

needed / uptake / taken in / consumed: by both plants and animals

CO2

photosynthesis (gas reactant)

CO2

released by way of transpiration from plants

CO2

released when biomass or fossil fuels are burned (combustion)

CO2

released when plants and animals decay

CO2

released/exhaled from animal respiration

CO2

respiration (gas product)

CO2

uptake by plants and animals

CO2

Higher temp = higher evaporation; higher downpours/more precip like rain and snow but not necessarily in the same areas (Coriolis Effect); climate change shifts air and ocean currents; eastern US = more snowfall and precip; southwest is becoming dryer and dryer

Changing rain and snow patterns

evaporation

H20

Precipitation

H2O

condensation

H2O

evaporation releases this into the atmosphere

H2O

precipitation is in this form

H2O

Oceans are an important part of the carbon cycle; CO2 from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean which reacts with sea water and forms carbonic acid; this increases the acidity which affects aquatic life; shellfish have a more difficult time making efficient shells; coral is 'bleached out' and doesn't have the resources for making more skeleton

Increased ocean acidity

Warmer weather means more rainfall (less snowfall); less snow = more shallow snow pack; snow will melt faster; could affect water supply for areas that rely on snow

Less snowpack

carbon dioxide

Majority of the TRACE GASES... so really not that much but boy does it pack a punch

Increased temp = glaciers melt faster than they can accumulate snow; sea levels rise 'ice road truckers'

Melting glaciers

Extended period of dry weather caused by lack of rain or snow; higher temps = higher evaporation but the rainfall can happen in different locations (Coriolis Effect); less drinking water/crops/hydroelectricity

More droughts

Which gas combines with food to release energy

O2

gas used in combustion of fossil fuels

O2

gas used to burn biomass

O2

photosynthesis (gas product)

O2

released into the atmosphere from a process called photosynthesis

O2

respiration (gas reactant)

O2

rock weathering releases this into the atmosphere

O2

the gas that you breathe in (needed as a reactant of respiration)

O2

used to burn things / used for combustion

O2

weathering of rocks releases this into the atmosphere

O2

makes up the ozone

O3

Last 100 years it has only risen 7 inches; before 2099 it could increase anywhere from 7 to 23 inches; places that flood would become the norm and then new areas would flood; beaches or areas on the coastline would be in danger of disappearing

Rising sea level

Arctic ice fluctuates; if it is warmer in the summers, the ice will melt even more and overall the mass of the ice will decrease; animals depend on sea ice for habitats; ice reflects sunlight; less ice = more energy absorbed by the ocean

Shrinking sea ice

Layer of soil or rock that is frozen all year round; increased temp = thawing of that frozen ground; thawing makes the soil soggy, distorts buildings/roads built on the frozen ground; releases large quantities of carbon as methane gas

Thawing permafrost

Especially the top layer; temperatures increase as the ocean absorbs more heat/sunlight etc.; this will affect wind patterns; Coriolis effect; impact sea life; coastal areas (severe weather/erosion)

Warmer oceans

Hurricanes and other tropical storms get their energy from warm ocean water; increase in ocean temperature = increase in evaporation = increase in precipitation; leads to faster winds and heavier rain

Wilder weather

Crops grow most efficiently in certain climates. The food supply will be effected if areas of crop production see a change in temperature and rainfall. It is estimated, if the temperature rises another 3.6 degrees on average... corn production will decrease anywhere from 10 to 30%.

agriculture

the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.

atmosphere

the nature of something's ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up.

composition

Troposphere and stratosphere

contain carbon that humans emit

As global temp increases, people will use their air conditioners more. This means more electricity is being used (maybe less in the winter for heat). Hydropower locations (such as in California) were built because they were efficient places to use the power of water as a resource for energy. If the rainfall in those areas change, less water = less energy. It would be costly to build more hydropower dams etc.

energy

As droughts increase... fires in forests start easier, spread faster, burn longer. Pests like the mountain pine beetle flourish and spread.

forests

Not everyone has the money or resources for air conditioning. Increased heat increasing the chances for heat related illnesses, air pollution/increased risks for those with asthma. Warmer climates are breeding grounds for ticks and mosquitos that carry infectious diseases.

health

in some areas, snow builds up in the winter and melts in the spring and summer; this provides fresh water for rivers and stream, it fills reservoirs that supply drinking water to cities and towns; also effects recreation like skiing and snowboarding

higher temperatures effecting snowpackThis answer is correct.

in some areas of the world, higher temps mean using more air conditioning BUT in other areas of the world... higher temps could mean less heating is needed in homes, etc

higher temperatures energy use

some areas like northern California obtain energy from hydropower; as climate change causes precipitation patterns to shift some areas will not have enough water to produce electricity; this could lead to power outages, blackouts, water shortages in case of fires.... and people may have to turn back to fossil fuels to get the energy they need

higher temperatures energy use

within the next 80 years, scientists expect to see another 4-12 degree temperature increase due to the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere

higher temperatures in general

Lake Lanier is the main source of drinking water for the Atlanta area. In 2007 the major drought in the area reduced the water availability. People had to use less water in their homes, businesses, and lawns.

higher temperatures water supply

crops thrive in different temperatures , water availability, etc. as temperatures increase the crops in the area will produce less; farmers will have to spend more money to maintain crops because of the changing rain patterns / drought / temperatures; some will have to change the products they can supply due to the longer effects of climate change

higher temps effect food supply

more precipitation leads to more rainfall; warmer ocean water fuels tropical storms with more , long lasting energy which leads to more damage to coastal areas and health of people, plants, and animals

higher temps lead to wilder weather

Living organisms live in areas where they can thrive. There isn't an abundance of humans or plants near the north or south pole because the conditions don't favor us/them. As climate shifts/changes... animals and plants may not thrive where they are now. Temperature/climate delegate when animals migrate/hibernate/bloom etc. Live Coral reefs are becoming bleached* by higher temps and higher acidity levels of the oceans.

plants, animals, ecosystems

rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground

precipitation

Skiing, fishing, and other winter sports are at risk as winter seasons shorten. Beaches are being eroded by higher sea levels and more severe weather. Resorts of either kind (skiing or beach front) are having to spend more money to keep the same conditions their patrons expect and enjoy.

recreation

a layer we know carbon (like CFCs and other pollutants we put into the air) reaches because it disrupts the oxygen molecules from reforming into O3 (which is vital to our protection again UV radiation

stratosphere

the layer that contains molecules that help keep us safe from ultraviolet radiation

stratosphere

where the maximum amount of O3 is found

stratosphere

resources that can be replenished at least as fast as they are consumed

sustainable resources

the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch

temperature

where a natural electrical phenomenon characterized by the appearance of streamers of reddish or greenish light in the sky (auroras) , usually near the northern or southern magnetic pole is location

thermosphere

where the least amount of earth's atmosphere's mass is located; Nitrogen and Oxygen present here absorbs short-wave, high energy solar radiation

thermosphere

neon, helium, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, carbon dioxide

trace amounts

closest to the surface of the Earth

troposphere

where factories emit carbon into the atmosphere

troposphere

where most weather occurs

troposphere

where mountains are found

troposphere

Drought means less drinking water, less water available for showers, watering lawns, etc. The Colorado river is a source of drinking water for much of the western US. As snow melts earlier in the year or less accumulates, it puts the water supply for these areas at risk.

water supply

the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

weather