3B exam review
the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
climate
economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.
industry
the replenishment of said source may not be able to keep up and supply the amount as quickly as it is consumed
limited resources
most meteoroids that enter our atmosphere, burn up by this layer
mesoshpere
Major components of earths atmosphere
nitrogen and oxygen
resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption.
nonrenewable resources
an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
organism
use too much / excessive use.
overuse (of resources)
in the atmosphere it condenses into a cloud that produces precipitation
. H2O
this seems to have the most major effects on people and the environment; effects agriculture, energy usage, water supplies, health, organisms and ecosystems, forests, and recreation.
. higher temperatures in general
trace elements
0.1%
Argon
0.9%
Oxygen
21%
nitrogen
78%
animal respiration (exhale)
CO2
needed / uptake / taken in / consumed: by both plants and animals
CO2
photosynthesis (gas reactant)
CO2
released by way of transpiration from plants
CO2
released when biomass or fossil fuels are burned (combustion)
CO2
released when plants and animals decay
CO2
released/exhaled from animal respiration
CO2
respiration (gas product)
CO2
uptake by plants and animals
CO2
Higher temp = higher evaporation; higher downpours/more precip like rain and snow but not necessarily in the same areas (Coriolis Effect); climate change shifts air and ocean currents; eastern US = more snowfall and precip; southwest is becoming dryer and dryer
Changing rain and snow patterns
evaporation
H20
Precipitation
H2O
condensation
H2O
evaporation releases this into the atmosphere
H2O
precipitation is in this form
H2O
Oceans are an important part of the carbon cycle; CO2 from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean which reacts with sea water and forms carbonic acid; this increases the acidity which affects aquatic life; shellfish have a more difficult time making efficient shells; coral is 'bleached out' and doesn't have the resources for making more skeleton
Increased ocean acidity
Warmer weather means more rainfall (less snowfall); less snow = more shallow snow pack; snow will melt faster; could affect water supply for areas that rely on snow
Less snowpack
carbon dioxide
Majority of the TRACE GASES... so really not that much but boy does it pack a punch
Increased temp = glaciers melt faster than they can accumulate snow; sea levels rise 'ice road truckers'
Melting glaciers
Extended period of dry weather caused by lack of rain or snow; higher temps = higher evaporation but the rainfall can happen in different locations (Coriolis Effect); less drinking water/crops/hydroelectricity
More droughts
Which gas combines with food to release energy
O2
gas used in combustion of fossil fuels
O2
gas used to burn biomass
O2
photosynthesis (gas product)
O2
released into the atmosphere from a process called photosynthesis
O2
respiration (gas reactant)
O2
rock weathering releases this into the atmosphere
O2
the gas that you breathe in (needed as a reactant of respiration)
O2
used to burn things / used for combustion
O2
weathering of rocks releases this into the atmosphere
O2
makes up the ozone
O3
Last 100 years it has only risen 7 inches; before 2099 it could increase anywhere from 7 to 23 inches; places that flood would become the norm and then new areas would flood; beaches or areas on the coastline would be in danger of disappearing
Rising sea level
Arctic ice fluctuates; if it is warmer in the summers, the ice will melt even more and overall the mass of the ice will decrease; animals depend on sea ice for habitats; ice reflects sunlight; less ice = more energy absorbed by the ocean
Shrinking sea ice
Layer of soil or rock that is frozen all year round; increased temp = thawing of that frozen ground; thawing makes the soil soggy, distorts buildings/roads built on the frozen ground; releases large quantities of carbon as methane gas
Thawing permafrost
Especially the top layer; temperatures increase as the ocean absorbs more heat/sunlight etc.; this will affect wind patterns; Coriolis effect; impact sea life; coastal areas (severe weather/erosion)
Warmer oceans
Hurricanes and other tropical storms get their energy from warm ocean water; increase in ocean temperature = increase in evaporation = increase in precipitation; leads to faster winds and heavier rain
Wilder weather
Crops grow most efficiently in certain climates. The food supply will be effected if areas of crop production see a change in temperature and rainfall. It is estimated, if the temperature rises another 3.6 degrees on average... corn production will decrease anywhere from 10 to 30%.
agriculture
the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
atmosphere
the nature of something's ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up.
composition
Troposphere and stratosphere
contain carbon that humans emit
As global temp increases, people will use their air conditioners more. This means more electricity is being used (maybe less in the winter for heat). Hydropower locations (such as in California) were built because they were efficient places to use the power of water as a resource for energy. If the rainfall in those areas change, less water = less energy. It would be costly to build more hydropower dams etc.
energy
As droughts increase... fires in forests start easier, spread faster, burn longer. Pests like the mountain pine beetle flourish and spread.
forests
Not everyone has the money or resources for air conditioning. Increased heat increasing the chances for heat related illnesses, air pollution/increased risks for those with asthma. Warmer climates are breeding grounds for ticks and mosquitos that carry infectious diseases.
health
in some areas, snow builds up in the winter and melts in the spring and summer; this provides fresh water for rivers and stream, it fills reservoirs that supply drinking water to cities and towns; also effects recreation like skiing and snowboarding
higher temperatures effecting snowpackThis answer is correct.
in some areas of the world, higher temps mean using more air conditioning BUT in other areas of the world... higher temps could mean less heating is needed in homes, etc
higher temperatures energy use
some areas like northern California obtain energy from hydropower; as climate change causes precipitation patterns to shift some areas will not have enough water to produce electricity; this could lead to power outages, blackouts, water shortages in case of fires.... and people may have to turn back to fossil fuels to get the energy they need
higher temperatures energy use
within the next 80 years, scientists expect to see another 4-12 degree temperature increase due to the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere
higher temperatures in general
Lake Lanier is the main source of drinking water for the Atlanta area. In 2007 the major drought in the area reduced the water availability. People had to use less water in their homes, businesses, and lawns.
higher temperatures water supply
crops thrive in different temperatures , water availability, etc. as temperatures increase the crops in the area will produce less; farmers will have to spend more money to maintain crops because of the changing rain patterns / drought / temperatures; some will have to change the products they can supply due to the longer effects of climate change
higher temps effect food supply
more precipitation leads to more rainfall; warmer ocean water fuels tropical storms with more , long lasting energy which leads to more damage to coastal areas and health of people, plants, and animals
higher temps lead to wilder weather
Living organisms live in areas where they can thrive. There isn't an abundance of humans or plants near the north or south pole because the conditions don't favor us/them. As climate shifts/changes... animals and plants may not thrive where they are now. Temperature/climate delegate when animals migrate/hibernate/bloom etc. Live Coral reefs are becoming bleached* by higher temps and higher acidity levels of the oceans.
plants, animals, ecosystems
rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground
precipitation
Skiing, fishing, and other winter sports are at risk as winter seasons shorten. Beaches are being eroded by higher sea levels and more severe weather. Resorts of either kind (skiing or beach front) are having to spend more money to keep the same conditions their patrons expect and enjoy.
recreation
a layer we know carbon (like CFCs and other pollutants we put into the air) reaches because it disrupts the oxygen molecules from reforming into O3 (which is vital to our protection again UV radiation
stratosphere
the layer that contains molecules that help keep us safe from ultraviolet radiation
stratosphere
where the maximum amount of O3 is found
stratosphere
resources that can be replenished at least as fast as they are consumed
sustainable resources
the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch
temperature
where a natural electrical phenomenon characterized by the appearance of streamers of reddish or greenish light in the sky (auroras) , usually near the northern or southern magnetic pole is location
thermosphere
where the least amount of earth's atmosphere's mass is located; Nitrogen and Oxygen present here absorbs short-wave, high energy solar radiation
thermosphere
neon, helium, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, carbon dioxide
trace amounts
closest to the surface of the Earth
troposphere
where factories emit carbon into the atmosphere
troposphere
where most weather occurs
troposphere
where mountains are found
troposphere
Drought means less drinking water, less water available for showers, watering lawns, etc. The Colorado river is a source of drinking water for much of the western US. As snow melts earlier in the year or less accumulates, it puts the water supply for these areas at risk.
water supply
the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
weather