4.2 Ideas Help Start a Revolution (Cummings)

Which types of arguments does Thomas Payne make in Common Sense?

economical, political, social

How does the king respond to the Olive Branch Petition?

he rejects it because he is irritable and believes the colonists can't petition the king

Why was John Hancock not chosen as then general of the Continental Army?

he was from the north, so they wanted representation in the south

Why was Jefferson's first draft not accepted?

it contained section about evils of slavery and how it was Britain's fault, yet he owned 100, so Congress say it doesn't fit

What types of people were Patriots?

northern colonists - merchants, skilled workers, artisans, elected officials

What does the Second Continental Congress do to bring about peace?

sign Olive Branch Petition that urged a return to peace between Britain and colonies

Who was William Franklin?

son of Benjamin Franklin who was the only surviving child into Benjamin Franklin's adulthood, but turned out to be a loyalist who never changed sides, so his dad never talked to him again

Who were Patriots?

supporters of independence mostly from Massachusetts or Virginia

Who were Loyalists?

those who opposed independence, remained loyal to the crown, skeptical

What three groups were not included in the Declaration of Independence?

women, slaves, natives

How many were Patriots at the start of war?

1/2

What is the purpose of a formal declaration of independence?

- allows free trade with other nations - get allies - creates a better society - explain their actions - want recognition

What does the Second Continental Congress do to prepare for the war?

- names militiamen the Continental Army - George Washington named general of the Continental Army - authorized printing of money - created committee for foreign nations - each colony sets up own official government and declare independence

What was the plan of the British in Battle of Bunker Hill, and what resulted?

- order 3 attacks - 1st and 2nd attacks they withdraw and turned - 3rd attack they take the hill because colonists have lack of ammunition - British lose 1000, colonists lose 450, so British commander was embarrassed and disappointing with unnecessary effort

What are the main ideas of the Declaration of Independence?

- people have natural rights of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness, "unalienable rights" - government power comes from the consent of the governed - government that doesn't protect natural rights should be altered or abolished

What were the key things Loyalists did?

- promised African Americans freedoms - natives appeal to them because they don't like colonists - served for British, but some left for Britain or Canada

What are the main ideas of Common Sense?

- revolts in Lexington and Concord - why they should declare independence - how independence would affect society

Why were some colonists loyalists?

- unsure of future government - thought they would lose the war and be traitors (treason) - skeptical of declaring independence and starting war

Why was Thomas Jefferson chosen to write the Declaration of Independence?

- very intelligent, well-schooled - bad public speaker, but great writer (good prose)

Where was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

Charles Town

Who suggest the ideas in the Second Continental Congress to prepare for war?

John Adams

When was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

June 1775, before Declaration of Independence and Common Sense

Why did the Battle of Bunker Hill take place?

colonists have a stronghold on Breeds Hill, so General Thomas Gage wants to take the hill from the colonies