615 Renal #10

which of the following is the most classically described osseous change accompanying chronic renal failure?

"ground glass" appearance

Which of the following viruses has been reported to be transmitted nosocomially in dialysis centers in the US? 1. hepatitis B 2. hepatitis C 3. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

1,2 (hep B and C)

Which of the following sequences correctly depicts the sequence of osseous changes observed in the patient with renal osteodystrophy? 1. osteosclerosis 2. osteomalacia 3. osteitis fibrosa

2,3,1 2. osteomalacia 3. osteitis fibrosa 1. osteosclerosis

Which of the following is an oral manifestation of kidney disease?

pallor of oral mucosa related to anemia

which of the following tests is a measure of muscle breakdown and filtration capacity of the nephron?

serum creatinine

Failing kidneys are unable to concentrate and filter the intake or

sodium (therefore drop in urine levels)

According to the National kidney foundation, which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a loss of 50% or more of normal renal function?

stage 3

How do most dialysis patients in the US receive hemodialysis?

through an arteriovenous graft, usually placed in the forearm

Infective endocarditis occurs in 2% to 9% of patients receiving hemodialysis. The American Heart Association (AHA) 2003 guidelines include a recommendation for prophylactic antibiotics before invasive dental procedures are performed on patients with intravascular access devices to prevent endarteritis or infective endocarditis.

The first statement is true, the second statement is false

which of the following is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

diabetes mellitus