6.3 Alexander the Great

what was hellenistic culture

"greek-like" way of life that combined values from the mediterranean and asia. named the hellenistic age after it.

tell me about alexander's progress in taking over the world

-completely destroyed perisa, -conquered asia minor, syria, egypt, and mesopotamia

tell me about the spread of greek culture due to alexander

-founded cities and named them alexandria, -united macedonians, greeks, and persians by requiring his generals to marry women of tje persian royal family and held a mass wedding where 10,000 people got married

how did alexander die

-he became serioulsy ill in babylon, -struggled for tem days, -died june 323 bc at 33 years old

what happened after alexanders death

-his generals competed for the empire, -eventually divided into three kingdoms, macedon, egypt, and syria

tell me about the fall of alexander's army in india

-led his troops east for four years east but only got to the indus river, -the army got tired of fighting, -forced to turn back to persia, -then part travled by sea, part went thru a desert and died from lack of food and water

tell 🗣 me 🙋‍♀️ about how strong 💪💪💪💪 alexander was

-more skilled than his father, -most admired military campaign in history, -physically strong and brave, courageousness caused his troops to be hella loyal

what was alexanders record

13 years, almost never lost a battle

how long were the spears in a phalanx

18 feet long

who was demosthenes

athen's finest orators ; led athenian opposition to philip ii

what caused greece to struggle after its golden age

athens declined in power. competition among city-states weakened greece, persians worked to undermine greek unity

what was the outcome of demosthenes versus philip ii

due to the city-states failing to follow athens, they fell to philips arm. demosthenes was defeated at the battle of chaeronea. he later united greece under his rule

phalanx

military formation composed of rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder, carrying pikes or heavy spears

where did alexander learn things from

military training from the macedonian army. formal education from aristotle. this prepared him to be a great leader

did philip ii depend on nobles

no, he didnt want to rely on others to secure his rule

what happened to philip

planned to invade persia with his league but he was assassinated and was succeeded by his 20 year old son, Alexander

orators

public speakers

what was philips first goal after becoming king

restore order in macedon. he then won control of several athenian colonies

what happened in the very end

roman legions invaded macedon, -romans conquered most of the hellenistic empire

how did the greeks view philip ii

some saw him as a savior who could unify greece. others felt he threatened their freedom

tell me about the macedonians, the people of macedon

they were hardy, warike people who lived in villages lead by a local noble. kings could rule with the support of the nobles

how did demosthenes attack philip ii

with a series of speeches that encouraged the athenians to lead greece in a fight for liberty

who was philip ii of macedon

young man who became king in 359 b.c. he was held a hostage in thebes in his youth in which he admired greek ways. he also learned about the organizations of thebes' army