7 steps of troubleshooting

Perform root cause analysis

Performing root cause analysis, even though mentioned last, began in the first step of the troubleshooting process. You should use the knowledge gained throughout the troubleshooting process in determining what could have possibly caused the component to fail.

Understand the malfunction

Understanding the malfunction means that you understand how or what the process is and what portion of the process is operating incorrectly. Answer these questions: • How is the process supposed to work? • What is not functioning as it should? • What would cause these results or malfunction?

Correct/repair the component

Correct or repair the component identified as damaged based on the recorded data. Perform the required repairs to the circuit. Completing step 5 can range from simple adjustments to a complete component replacement.

Gather information

Gathering information is a logical first step in any troubleshooting endeavor. Ask about or perform the following: • What technical documentation about the equipment is available? • How exactly is the equipment supposed to operate? • Are there any previous lessons learned? • Review any material history that exists for the equipment. • Identify similar equipment to which you can compare the malfunctioning equipment. (This can be especially helpful if there is limited technical data available for the equipment that is malfunctioning.) Now that you have identified technical resources and equipment operation, you are in a position to understand the malfunction.

. Identify the source of the problem

Identifying the source of the problem requires the technician to isolate components and evaluate circuit parameters, to isolate the circuit by group when dealing with a complicated circuit (half-step approach), and to identify the malfunctioning component using the recorded data. Armed with data, you now can determine what needs to be done with the suspect component. Many times after the first round of troubleshooting, the first three steps may need to be repeated; however, now you have additional data to work with.

Identify which parameters need to be evaluated

Identifying which parameters need to be evaluated requires a clear understanding of the discrepancy and which signals affect the suspected component. Which input signals control the component? What is the expected output from the suspect circuit? Is there a timing delay, sequence, or set point that can be verified? Identify the parameters that need to be recorded which could either confirm or refute your suspicions regarding the problem. Identify the following: • What parameters can you measure? • What are the expected values for any measurements that are to be taken? • What test equipment is needed? • Is there access for the required readings? • Is there an alternative method to gather the required readings? • Could other components have been affected by this fault?

Verify the repair

Verify the repair after completion. Ensure the equipment is operating as designed. Perform another round of testing to verify the equipment is in fact running correctly and that no other discrepancies exist.