A & P Chapter 7

37. List and describe the number of bones found in all the regions of the adult vertebral column.

7-cervical vertebrae in the neck region. 12- thoracic vertebrae posterior to the thoracic cavity. 5-lumbar vertebrae support the lower back. 1-sacrum consisting of 5 fused sacral vertebrae. 1-coccyx (tail bone) consisting of 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae.

41. The two primary curves of the adult vertebral column are the A) thoracic and sacral curves. B) lumbar and sacral curves. C) cervical and lumbar curves. D) cervical and thoracic curves. E) cervical and sacral curves

A) thoracic and sacral curves.

42. The primary function of the transverse and spinal processes of vertebrae is A) attachment site for muscles. B) calcium storage. C) to support the body of the vertebrae. D) to hold the hyoid in place. E) to create a passageway for the spinal cord

A. Attachment site for muscles.

48. What is inflammation of one or more costal cartilage called? A) Costochondritis B) Arthritis C) Cartilaginous distension D) Otitis E) Intercostal space distension

A. Costochondritis

Which cranial bone is anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bones and contains foramina for the olfactory cranial nerve? a) Ethmoid b) Frontal c) Palatine d) Maxilla e) Temporal

A. Ethmoid

46. Which gender shows the coccyx pointed inferiorly? A) Females B) Males C) Both genders D) The coccyx does not point inferiorly in either gender

A. Females

125. Which condition is the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus posteriorly or into one of the adjacent vertebral bodies in the vertebral column? A) herniated disc B) scoliosis C) kyphosis D) lordosis E) spina bifida

A. Herniated disc

45. The inferior articular processes of the fifth sacral vertebrae that are found on either side of the sacral hiatus are called A) sacral cornua. B) coccygeal cornua. C) lateral sacral crests. D) anterior sacral foramina. E) median sacral crests.

A. Sacral cornua

129. Sella turcica is a bony depression found in this cranial bone. A) sphenoid B) Frontal C) Temporal D) Ethmoid E) Occipital

A. Sphenoid

127. The union of these two bones forms the zygomatic arch. A) temporal and zygomatic B) sphenoid and maxilla C) temporal and mandible D) temporal and frontal E) temporal and parietal

A. Temporal and zygomatic

15. Bones in the following area protect the brain. A) Cranium B) Vertebral column C) Sacrum D) Face E) Ribcage

A. cranium

13. A prominent ridge or elongated projection on a bone is called a A) crest. B) trochanter. C) sulcus. D) fossa. E) tubercle.

A. crest

7. Which of the following types of bone is the femur? A) Long bone B) Short bone C) Flat bone D) Irregular bone E) Sesamoid bone

A. long bone

18. Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? A) Parietal B) Nasal C) Maxillae D) Zygomatic E) Palatine

A. parietal

2. How many named bones are found in the adult human skeleton? A) 200 B) 206 C) 212 D) 227 E) 250

B. 206

23. The mastoid process A) is a rounded projection of the parietal bones. B) is the point of attachment for several neck muscles. C) is anterior to the external auditory meatus. D) is both is a rounded projection of the parietal bones and the point of attachment for several neck muscles. E) All of these answer choices are correct.

B. Is the point of attachment for several neck muscles.

44. Which of the vertebrae listed below would be the largest and strongest vertebra in adult humans? A) C5 B) L4 C) T4 D) C7 E) T12

B. L4

124. Which condition is characterized by a lateral bending of the vertebral column in the thoracic region? A) herniated disc B) scoliosis C) kyphosis D) lordosis E) spina bifida

B. Scoliosis

130. The pituitary gland is contained in a depression found in this cranial bone. A) Ethmoid B) Sphenoid C) Lacrimal D) Temporal E) Parietal

B. Sphenoid

35. The hyoid bone is suspended by ligaments and muscle that extend from the _______ of the temporal bone. A) mastoid process B) styloid process C) occipital condyle D) zygomatic process E) superior nuchal line

B. Styloid process

21. Which of the listed cranial bones form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial floor. A) Frontal B) Temporal C) Parietal D) Occipital E) Nasal

B. Temporal

22. Which of the listed cranial bones contain the organs of hearing and balance, and articulate with the mandible? A) Frontal B) Temporal C) Parietal D) Occipital E) Nasal

B. Temporal

40. What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus region of intervertebral discs? A) To compress the vertebral bones B) To help absorb vertical shock to the spinal column C) Calcium storage D) Spinal fluid reservoir E) Muscle attachment

B. To help absorb vertical shock to the spinal column.

11. An opening or hole in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves and ligaments pass is called a A) fissure. B) foramen. C) fossa. D) meatus. E) sulcus.

B. foreamen

123. Which condition is characterized by an increase in the thoracic curve of the vertebral column? A) herniated disc B) scoliosis C) kyphosis D) lordosis E) spina bifida

C. Kyphosis

43. What bone marking found on the second cervical vertebra projects superiorly into the anterior portion of the vertebral foramen of the atlas? A) Primary projection B) Occular process C) Odontoid process D) Cervical projection E) Cervix

C. Odontoid process

47. The junction between the manubrium and the body of the sternum forms the A) suprasternal notch. B) xiphoid process. C) sternal angle. D) sternoclavicular joint. E) mandibular joint.

C. Sternal angle

39. The tubercle found on the neck of a rib articulates with a facet found on the A) spinous process of a thoracic vertebra. B) spinous process of a lumbar vertebra. C) transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. D) xiphoid process of the sternum. E) manubrium of the sternum.

C. Transverse process of a thoracic vertebra.

1. The branch of medicine that deals with correction of disorders of the musculoskeletal system is called A) Rheumatics B) Podiatry C) Orthopedics D) Cardiology E) Dermatology

C. orthopedics

5. Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton? A) Tarsals B) Tibia C) Sphenoid D) Scapula E) Clavicle

C. sphenoid

19. Which of the following statements is NOT true with regard to bones of the skull? A) Some skull bones are covered with a mucous membrane. B) The only movable bone in the skull is the mandible. C) The bones of the skull contain foramina but no fissures. D) The facial bones provide support for the entrance of the digestive system. E) Some bones of the skull contain sinus cavities

C. the bones of the skull contain foreman but no fissures.

10. Which of the following is NOT true of surface markings on bone? A) They allow the passage of nerves and blood vessels. B) They provide sites of attachment for muscles. C) They allow bones to shorten or lengthen. D) They help form joints. E) They can be depressions or projections

C. they allow bones to shorten or lengthen.

122. Which condition is characterized by an increase or exaggeration of the lumbar curve of the vertebral column? A) herniated disc B) scoliosis C) kyphosis D) lordosis E) spina bifida

D

34. Which bone of the axial skeleton does NOT articulate with any other bone? A) Vertebrae B) Ethmoid C) Sternum D) Hyoid E) Ilium

D. Hyoid

27. This facial bone articulates with teeth. A) Lacrimal B) Palatine C) Vomer D) Maxillae E) Nasal

D. Maxillae

20. Which of the following bones is NOT visible from the anterior view of the skull? A) Parietal B) Frontal C) Mandible D) Occipital E) Maxilla

D. Occipital

28. Which of the following is NOT a facial bone? A) Vomer B) Palatine C) Lacrimal D) Occipital E) Mandible

D. Occipital

24. These projections found on both sides of the foramen magnum articulate with depressions on the first cervical vertebrae. A) Mastoid processes B) Mandibular condyles C) Foramen magnum D) Occipital condyles E) Sella turcica

D. Occipital Condyles

36. Joe was found dead. His hyoid bone was broken. What was the most likely cause of death? A) Natural causes B) Cardiac arrest C) Gun shot D) Strangulation E) Choking

D. Strangulation

38. Ribs that have costal cartilage that attaches directly to the sternum are called A) floating ribs. B) vertebrochondral ribs. C) false ribs. D) true ribs. E) separated ribs

D. True ribs

128. What are the three correct components of the nasal septum? A) inferior nasal concha, vomer and lacrimal bone B) vomer, superior nasal concha, and septal cartilage C) inferior nasal concha, septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid D) vomer, septal cartilage, and perpendicular plate of ethmoid E) vomer, septal cartilage, and crista galli of ethmoid

D. Vomer, Septal cartilage, and perpendicular plate of ethmoid.

4. Which of the following bones is NOT part of the axial skeleton? A) Hyoid B) Ribs C) Vertebrae D) Carpals E) Sternum

D. carpals

12. A rounded articular projection supported on a constricted portion (neck) of a bone is called a A) foramen. B) condyle. C) tuberosity. D) head. E) trochanter.

D. head

17. Which of following facial bones is a single (unpaired) bone in the human skull? A) maxilla B) nasal C) lacrimal D) mandible E) zygomatic

D. mandible

14. The tube-like passageway found in the temporal bone that allows sound waves to reach the eardrum is an example of which of the following bone surface markings? A) fissure. B) foramen. C) fossa. D) meatus. E) sulcus.

D. meatus

126. Which of the following bones contains a sac that collects tears and passes them into the nasal cavity? A) Maxilla B) Sphenoid C) Nasal D) Ethmoid E) Lacrimal

E. Lacrimal

Which cranial bone is called the "keystone" of the cranial floor because it articulates with every other cranial bone? a) Occipital b) Frontal c) Ethmoid d) Nasal e) Sphenoid

E. Sphenoid

16. Which of the following cranial bones are paired bones in the human skull? A) temporal B) parietal C) sphenoid D) ethmoid E) more than one selection is correct

E. more than one selection is correct.

9. Which following types of bones comprise the ankles and wrists? A) Long bone B) Sutural bone C) Irregular bone D) Sesamoid bone E) Short bone

E. short bone

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A) The axial skeleton has 80 bones. B) The appendicular skeleton has 126 bones. C) The axial skeleton is composed of the bones that run through the axis of the body. D) Children have more bones than adults. E) The appendicular skeleton does not include the pelvic and pectoral girdles.

E. the appendicular skeleton does not include the pelvic and pectoral girdles.

8. Which following types of bone is the occipital bone? A) Long bone B) Short bone C) Flat bone D) Irregular bone E) Sesamoid bone

c. flat bone