A&C Exam 3 Diabetes

A nurse is evaluating teaching with a client who is receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin via an external insulin pump. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I will use insulin glargine in my insulin pump." The client should use a short-acting insulin in the insulin pump.

A client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, "why did I develop diabetes?". Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia?

-blurred vision -tachycardia -moist, clammy skin

Humalog and Novolog should be given _______ before meals and regular insulin should be given ______.

0-15 minutes, 30 minutes

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a blood glucose level of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the following prescriptions from the provider?

0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus

For a FSBS less that 40, the patient should be given which of the following ?

4 oz fruit juice

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will check my feet every day for sores and bruises."

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will feel shaky."

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Maintain stable blood glucose levels."

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?

42 units

A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling his glucose levels?

6.3% The goal for a client who has diabetes mellitus is to keep the HbA1c values at 6.5% or less.

For a person with diabetes, which hemoglobin A1C test results is the most desirable?

6.5

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Acetone odor to breath

A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading of 60 mg/dL?

Administer 15 g of carbohydrates

A nurse is teaching a client how to draw up regular insulin and NPH insulin into the same syringe. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.

A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine.

TRUE OR FALSE: Lantus insulin can be mixed with Humalog and/or Novolog to save the patient additional needlesticks/injections.

False

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for developing diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results indicates the client meets the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

Fasting blood glucose of 155 mg/dL

The physician prescribes glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta, Glynase) for a patient when her type 2 diabetes has not been controlled with diet and exercise. When teaching the patient about glyburide, the nurse explains that:

Glyburide is thought to stimulate insulin release from the pancreas and increase sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites.

A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and finds the client lying in bed, sweating, and reporting feeling anxious. Which of the following complications should the nurse expect?

Hypoglycemia

A nurse is caring for a client who is diabetic and reports a headache, restlessness, fatigue, and hunger. Then the nurse should identify that the client is likely experiencing which of the following conditions?

Hypoglycemia

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?

Regular insulin

A school nurse is assessing an adolescent who reports feeling shaky and is having difficulty speaking and concentrating on the questions the nurse is asking. The nurse checks the adolescent's blood glucose level and identifies a value of 55 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Tachycardia

Which of the following are symptoms of mild hypoglycemia?

Tachycardia, hunger, weakness

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

cool, clammy skin.

Type I diabetes mellitus is best described as

insulin deficiency

A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

weight loss

A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes about which dietary source should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching?

I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else.

When treating a blood sugar of 38, rapid acting carbohydrates should be given:

Immediately, regardless of when STAT lab is drawn.

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who diabetes and a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding this type of insulin?

Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hours.

A nurse is assessing a school-aged child whose blood glucose level is 280 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Lethargy

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse misread the client's morning blood glucose level as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin dose appropriate for a reading about 200 mg/dL before the client's breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?

Monitor the patient for hypoglycemia.

A nurse is performing a monofilament sensory assessment of a client who has diabetes mellitus. When performing this assessment, for which of the following complications is the nurse monitoring?

Neuropathy

The nurse is developing a patient education plan for a group of adults with type 2 diabetes (DM). The nurse must know what about the different types of DM to do this?

Patients with type 2 can develop diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).