A&P 2 Chapter 16

8. Which of the following special senses is relayed directly to the cerebral cortex without going to the thalamus? A. smell B. taste C. sight D. sound E. touch

A. smell

1. Arrange the following to reflect the correct sequence an action potential would follow to reach the lateral olfactory area of the brain: (1) olfactory bulb (2) olfactory cortex (3) olfactory epithelium (4) olfactory tract A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 3, 4, 1, 2 C. 1, 4, 2, 3 D. 3, 1, 4, 2 E. 4, 3, 2, 1

3,1,4,2

7. Which of the following statements is true? A. Damaged olfactory neurons are replaced. B. Olfactory epithelial receptors are highly specific. C. Olfaction first goes to the thalamus and is then relayed to the cerebral cortex. D. Continued stimulation of olfactory neurons produces the same level of response. E. Replacement of neurons is a common phenomenon in the body.

A. Damaged olfactory neurons are replaced.

2. Why does inhaling deeply and slowly through the nose help to identify an odor? A. More air containing the odor is brought into contact with the olfactory epithelium. B. Impulses originate slowly in the olfactory epithelium. C. The tissue needs more time in contact with the odor. D. Threshold for odor detection is high. E. Receptors in the olfactory epithelium are highly specific.

A. More air containing the odor is brought into contact with the olfactory epithelium.

163. myopia ________________________________________

A. difficulty seeing distant objects

142. Meibomian glands ________________________________________

A. lubricate the eyelid

164. astigmatism ________________________________________

B. a type of refractory error

6. The lateral olfactory area A. provides emotional reactions to odors. B. is the site of conscious perception of odors. C. generates action potentials in olfactory neurons. D. modulates the sense of olfaction within the olfactory bulb. E. is the area where chemicals bind to receptors.

B. is the site of conscious perception of odors.

141. eyebrows ________________________________________

B. protect the eye from falling objects

144. sty ________________________________________

C. an inflamed ciliary gland

3. In order for a molecule to be detected by the olfactory neurons, it must A. be present in high concentrations. B. be one of the seven primary classes of odors. C. be dissolved in fluid covering the olfactory epithelium. D. interact with the mechanoreceptors of the olfactory hair membrane. E. enter the nose slowly.

C. be dissolved in fluid covering the olfactory epithelium.

161. cataract ________________________________________

C. clouding of the lens of the eye

10. Which of the special senses contains receptor neurons that are the only nerve cells in direct contact with the outside environment? A. equilibrium B. hearing C. smell D. taste E. vision

C. smell

9. The receptor cells for which of the following special senses are bipolar neurons? A. equilibrium B. hearing C. smell D. taste E. touch

C. smell

147. pupil ________________________________________

C. the opening in the iris

126. The figure is a sagittal section of the eye. What does "A" represent? A. iris B. pupil C. lens D. conjunctiva E. cornea

Conjunctiva

127. The figure is a sagittal section of the eye. What does "B" represent? A. iris B. pupil C. lens D. conjunctiva E. cornea

Cornea

4. You are an airborne molecule that dissolves in the fluid covering the olfactory epithelium. Which of the following must you do in order to depolarize neurons in the olfactory epithelium? A. stimulate mitral cells B. release acetylcholine C. cause proliferation of basal cells D. bind to receptor molecules on the olfactory hair membrane E. lower the threshold of the cell

D. bind to receptor molecules on the olfactory hair membrane

165. glaucoma ________________________________________

D. increased intraocular pressure that can lead to loss of vision

145. lacrimal canaliculi ________________________________________

D. small tubes that drain tears into the lacrimal sac

5. The ability of the olfactory system to adapt to a particular odor may involve A. sensitivity of the lateral olfactory area. B. an increase in the sensitivity at the receptor sites. C. association neurons inhibiting mitral cells or tufted cells. D. the intermediate olfactory area sending afferent impulses to the olfactory bulb. E. molecules that do not bind to receptors anymore.

D. the intermediate olfactory area sending inhibiting impulses to the olfactory bulb.

146. iris ________________________________________

E. a pigmented contractile structure

143. conjunctivitis ________________________________________

E. inflammation of the conjunctiva

162. macular degeneration ________________________________________

E. loss of acute central vision

128. The figure is a sagittal section of the eye. What does "C" represent? A. iris B. pupil C. lens D. conjunctiva E. cornea

Iris

129. The figure is a sagittal section of the eye. What does "D" represent? A. iris B. pupil C. lens D. conjunctiva E. cornea

Pupil

130. The figure is a sagittal section of the eye. What does "E" represent? A. iris B. pupil C. lens D. conjunctiva E. cornea

lens