A&P Ch 13 Part 5

Oxytocin is most closely related chemically to ________. A) antidiuretic hormone B) prolactin C) follicle stimulating hormone D) luteinizing hormone

A) antidiuretic hormone Both hormones are peptides comprised of nine amino acids; ADH contains phenylalanine and arginine in the place of isoleucine and leucine in oxytocin.

Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) calcium B) thyroxine C) iodine D) tyrosine

A) calcium The thyroxine molecule requires iodine and the amino acid tyrosine as parts of its structure.

Which hormone exerts the greatest influence on metabolism? A) thyroxine B) cortisone C) insulin D) parathormone

A) thyroxine Cortisone raises blood glucose.

Which hormone is most closely involved with ovulation? A) prolactin B) LH C) FSH D) estrogen

B) LH Luteinizing hormone causes the follicle to release its egg cell in ovulation; FSH is more important in the early development of the follicles.

ADH has the ability to increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels and is therefore also called _______. A) oxytocin B) vasopressin C) angiotensin D) adrenocorticotropin

B) vasopressin Vasopressin is another name for ADH and acts as a vasoconstrictor as well as water-retaining hormone.

Which of the following is NOT consistent with a diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism? A) fatigue B) weakened bones C) muscle cramps D) increased blood caclium

C) muscle cramps Muscle cramping is usually the result of a deficiency of PTH or parathyroidism in which blood calcium levels are suppressed.

Which hormone plays the greatest role in the contractions that occur in the uterus during labor? A) ADH B) estrogen C) oxytocin D) prostaglandin

C) oxytocin Oxytocin has a powerful effect on smooth muscle contraction and is sometimes given to induce labor; prostaglandins also constrict uterine muscles.

The ovary and _______ contain spherical collections of cells referred to as follicles. A) pituitary B) testis C) thyroid D) pancreas

C) thyroid The thyroid follicles produce the glycoprotein aggregates called the colloid which will result in thyroxine synthesis.

Which of the following have the most potent effect on increasing metabolic rate? A) thyroxine B) thyroglobulin C) triiodothyronine D) alpha globulin

C) triiodothyronine T3 is five times more potent than T4; thyroglobulin is the storage form of the thyroxine hormones which are transported in the blood in an active form by alpha globulin proteins.

Which of the following is NOT true of thyroxine? A) needed for normal mental growth B) increases carbohydrate utilization C) decreases lipid synthesis D) decreases protein synthesis

D) decreases protein synthesis Thyroxine increases the breakdown of lipids but promotes protein synthesis; glucose oxidation is enhanced.