A&P Chapter 22 Questions
D
The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the A) T cells. B) B cells. C) NK cells. D) phagocytes. E) plasma cells
A
All of the following are true of the thymus gland, except that it A) activates B cells. B) reaches its greatest size relative to body size during the first to second year of life. C) undergoes involution after puberty. D) produces T cells. E) lies behind the sternum in the anterior mediastinum
B
All of the various macrophages are derived from A) lymphocytes. B) monocytes. C) neutrophils. D) eosinophils. E) basophils.
C
Areas of the spleen that contain large numbers of lymphocytes are known as A) Peyer's patches. B) adenoids. C) white pulp. D) red pulp. E) lymph nodes
C
Cells that help regulate the immune response are _____ cells. A) B B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) NK
E
Characteristics of specific defenses include A) versatility. B) tolerance. C) memory. D) specificity. E) all of the above
D
Compared to blood capillaries, lymph capillaries exhibit all of the following, except that they A) have no basement membrane. B) are larger in diameter. C) have walls of endothelial cells that overlap like shingles. D) are not held in place by a loose connective-tissue framework. E) are frequently irregular in shape.
B
Defense of the body against a particular bacteria or virus is provided by A) nonspecific immunity. B) specific immunity. C) immunological surveillance. D) skin. E) fever.
D
Each of the following is a physical barrier to infection, except A) body hair. B) epithelium. C) secretions. D) complement. E) basement membranes.
E
Immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called _____ immunity. A) active B) natural passive C) passive D) auto E) innate
B
Immunity that results from antibodies that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called _____ immunity. A) active B) natural passive C) passive D) auto E) innate
A
Immunity that results from the natural exposure to an antigen in the environment is called _____ immunity. A) active B) natural passive C) passive D) auto E) innate
B
In active immunization, the A) immune system attacks normal body cells. B) body is deliberately exposed to an antigen. C) body receives antibodies produced by another person. D) body receives antibodies produced by another animal. E) genes for antibodies are introduced into the body.
E
In general, lymphocytes A) spend little time in the blood. B) have relatively long life spans. C) are evenly distributed in the lymphatic tissues. D) all of the above E) A and B only
E
Lymph nodes do all of the following, except that they A) produce antibodies. B) monitor the contents of lymph. C) remove debris and pathogens from the lymph. D) act as a "way station" for cancer cells. E) remove excess nutrients from the lymph.
D
Lymphocytes are located in each of the following tissues or organs, except the A) tonsils. B) spleen. C) lymph nodes. D) brain. E) thymus gland
D
Lymphocytes that attack foreign cells or body cells infected with viruses are _____ cells. A) B B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
C
Microphages include A) microglia. B) Kupffer cells. C) neutrophils. D) Langerhans cells. E) monocytes
A
Stem cells that will form B cells and NK cells are found in the A) bone marrow. B) liver. C) spleen. D) thymus. E) kidneys.
D
Stem cells that will form T cells are modified in the A) bone marrow. B) liver. C) spleen. D) thymus. E) kidneys.
D
Suppressor T cells act to A) suppress antigens. B) limit the degree of memory in memory T cells. C) limit antigen proliferation. D) depress the responses of other T cells and B cells. E) produce antibodies involved in autoimmunity.
B
The "red pulp" of the spleen contains large numbers of A) red blood cells. B) macrophages. C) lymphocytes. D) neutrophils. E) antibodies.
A
The "white pulp" of the spleen is composed of A) lymphocytes. B) trabeculae. C) arteries. D) veins. E) fibrous connective tissue.
C
The cells known as lymphocytes A) are actively phagocytic. B) destroy red blood cells. C) produce proteins called antibodies. D) are primarily found in red bone marrow. E) decrease in number during infection.
D
The cells responsible for cellular immunity are the _____ cells. A) B B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
B
The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the _____ cells. A) NK B) B C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
B
The cells responsible for the production of circulating antibodies are _____ cells. A) NK B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
C
The classic pathway of complement fixation occurs when C1 binds to A) the cell wall of bacteria. B) the cell membrane of bacteria. C) an antibody attached to an antigen. D) a cell surface antigen. E) a plasma protein.
C
The effects of activating the complement system include all of the following, except A) destruction of target cell membranes. B) stimulation of inflammation. C) deactivation of the immune response. D) opsonization. E) chemotaxis
B
The lymphatic system does all of the following, except that it A) helps maintain normal blood volume. B) transports gases to and away from lymph nodes. C) eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. D) transports lipids from the digestive tract. E) fights infection.
B
The lymphatic system is composed of all of the following, except A) lymphatic vessels. B) the thyroid gland. C) the spleen. D) lymph nodes. E) lymph.
D
The medullary cords of a lymph node contain _____ cells. A) cytotoxic T B) suppressor T C) NK D) B E) nodule
B
The release of interleukin-1 by active macrophages would A) cause inflammation. B) produce a fever. C) activate complement. D) result in opsonization of pathogens. E) result in B-cell producing antibodies.
B
The term lymphadenopathy refers to A) a congenital lack of lymph nodes. B) a chronic or excessive enlargement of lymph nodes. C) a condition characterized by large accumulations of lymphatic fluid in the tissue space. D) the lack of lymphocytes in peripheral circulation. E) diseases of the immune system characterized by increased numbers of circulating lymphocytes.
