A&P exam 4

What is true about the pacemaker potential?

All answers are correct

Where is blood pressure highest in the circulatory system

Aorta

Which of the following would be treated with balloon angioplasty?

Atherosclerosis

Define hemocytoblasts

Hemocytoblasts form from hematopoietic stem cells and divide into lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells

What condition would result in the release of EPO?

Hypoxia

In which of the following would the blood flow be highest

a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long

Hormones called ________ are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations

colony-stimulating factor

Types of white blood cells

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is

plasmin

As a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit

tetany

During the cardiac cycle,

the QRS complex of the ECG precedes the increase in ventricular pressure.

Vasculogenesis refers to

the formation of the first vessels.

Angiogenesis refers to

the growth of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels.

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to

voltage-gated calcium channels remaining open.

heart sound lubb is what

AV valves close

vascular resistance- length: inversely or directly related

1:1

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the heart back to the heart in the cardiovascular circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

From superficial to deep which is the proper order of the pericardium? 1. parietal pericardium 2. visceral pericardium 3. pericardial cavity 4. fibrous pericardium

4,1,3,2

Which parts of the following statement are true? The cardio acceleratory center activates sympathetic neurons and the cardioinhibitory center controls parasympathetic neurons

Both parts of the statement are true.

Which ion is essential to the activation of platelet clotting factors?

Calcium

What event signifies the differentiation of a normoblast into a reticulocyte?

Ejection of the nucleus

Where does blood flow after it has returned from the pulmonary circuit?

Left atrium

What valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Mitral

Which of the following cell types develops from a myeloblast?

Neutrophil

If I have type A- blood, what blood types can I receive?

O-, A-

What structures help prevent backflow through the AV valves?

Papillary muscles

Describe platelets and their origin.

Platelets are cell fragments that develop from megakaryocytes.

Which of the following vessels carries oxygen-poor blood?

Pulmonary arteries

What part of the conduction system supplies the ventricular myocardium?

Purkinje fibers

At which point in the ECG does ventricular depolarization take place?

QRS complex

vascular resistance- width

R=1/r*4

cardiac cell contraction

Rapid depolarization, plateau, repolarization

Why is RhoGAM administered to pregnant Rh‒ women

RhoGAM contains anti-Rh antibodies, which circulate in the mothers' bloodstream to destroy any fetal RBCs there, thereby preventing the mother from making antibodies against the developing fetus's red blood cells

who won the Boston marathon

Sisay Lemma

Which part of the entire circulatory system holds most of the blood volume at rest?

Systemic veins

Where are chemoreceptors located

They are located within the medulla oblongata and in the carotid and aortic bodies.

Which enzyme converts fibrinogen into fibrin?

Thrombin

Which of the following would result in agglutination?

Type AB blood with anti-A antibodies

Under what general conditions would fluid move into a capillary?

When blood colloid osmotic pressure is greater than capillary hydrostatic pressure.

Where is the iron stripped away from the heme?

Within a macrophage

Intercalated discs serve to transfer all of the following from cell to cell except

Z-lines

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the

activation of proenzymes exposed to collagen.

What are immunoglobulins?

antibodies

Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood

antibodies

A person with Type A blood has

antigen A on the RBCs and anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

List the phases of the cardiac cycle

atrial systole, atrial diastole, ventricular systole, ventricular diastole

The systemic circuit delivers oxygenated blood to ________ and returns blood to the________.

body organs; right atrium

As the heart rate slows, ________ get(s) longer.

diastole

The ________ is the volume of blood in a ventricle at the beginning of systole

end-diastolic volume

Which type of capillary allows for the exchange of larger solutes

fenestrated capillaries.

Pacemaker cells in the SA node

generate action potentials that spread to the myocardium.

three plasma proteins

immunoglobulin, fibrinogen, and albumin

Stimulation of the aortic baroreceptors results in

increased activity by the parasympathetic nervous system.

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

increased erythropoiesis.

The amount of venous blood returned to the right atrium is __________

known as venous return

If bile ducts are blocked, which of the following would not occur?

less hemolysis would occur

Blood flow through a capillary bed is controlled by _____.

precapillary sphincters

A person's blood type is determined largely by the

presence of specific antigens

List the three stages of an action potential in a cardiac muscle cell

rapid depolarization, plateau, and repolarization

heart sound dupp is what

semilunar valves close

Analyzing of the electrocardiogram can reveal all of the following except the

stroke volume.