A&P Final
One-fifth, as an approximation, of all blood circulating via the cardiovascular system cycles through the renal system each minute.
True
Ovulation generally occurs 14 days prior to the beginning of the subsequent menstrual period
True
Paneth cells produce and secrete enzymes responsible for hindering bacterial proliferation in the small intestine
True
Paneth cells produce and secrete enzymes responsible for hindering bacterial proliferation in the small intestine.
True
Pepsin is a derivative enzyme of pepsinogen.
True
Prostate secretions are slightly acidic
True
Reinke crystalloids are present only in post-pubescent periods.
True
Saliva contain a small amount of fat-digesting lipase.
True
Saliva contains a small amount of fat-digesting lipase
True
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) are considered to be buffer pairs.
True
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) increases pH.
True
Tallness tends to be linked to late sexual maturation in men.
True
The appendix serves as a storage site for bacterial production from vitamins such as vitamin K and biotin (B7).
True
The lower esophageal sphincter (LES), positioned inferior to the diaphragm, separates with esophagus from the stomach
True
The philtrum is a vertical groove marking the midline of the upper lip
True
The prostate gland aids in seminal fluid development.
True
The pulse rate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion impacts follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
True
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) begins via juxtaglomerular apparatus secretion and ends with decreased fluid output via urine
True
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) begins via juxtaglomerular apparatus secretion and ends with decreased fluid output via urine.
True
The visceral layer of the peritoneum is deep to the parietal layer
True
Vitamin D is synthesized within the kidney to its active form.
True
interstitial cells of the male reproductive system produce testosterone
True
Adipose tissue contains more water than bone tissue.
False
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water loss via increase urine volume.
False
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water loss via increased urine volume.
False
Approximately 270 g of glucose is lost via filtration and subsequently via urine excretion.
False
Deglutition moves a bolus past the nasopharynx
False
During periods of hypotension, the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes aldosterone.
False
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteninzing hormone (LH) are secreted via the posterior pituitary gland.
False
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) fluctuates urine volume more so than tubular reabsorption.
False
Lacteals of the lymphatic system embed each microvillus
False
Secretions via seminal vesicles are acidic
False
Seminiferous tubules produce and secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP) as well as testosterone
False
Sperm production begins in infancy.
False
The anterior wall of the vagina is longer than the posterior
False
The average pH of venous blood is slightly higher than the average pH of arterial blood
False
The average pH of venous blood is slightly higher than the average pH of arterial blood.
False
Bilirubin is a component of bile, produced from hemolytic remains
True
Bilirubin is a component of bile, produced from hemolytic remains.
True
Bodily fluid measurements by percentage of total weight are highest in infants.
True
Cellulose is non-digestible in humans.
True
Microvilli exist within the walls of proximal convoluted tubules
True
Prolactin aid in ejection of milk from mammary tissues, whereas oxytocin aid in milk production
False
The earliest detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) production relating to pregnancy occurs...
2 days after implantation
Protein exists in high numbers in interstitial fluid than plasma
False
Approximately how much bile is secreted from the liver daily in a typical adult?
1 pint
the haploid number is...
23
The pyloric sphincter separates the stomach from the...
Duodenum
Maltose is hydrolyzed by...
Maltase
All fimbriae projecting from the distal ends of uterine tubes connect with the associated ovary
false
During periods of hypetention, the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes aldosterone
false
Gamete cells from each gender generally meet and unite in the uterus
false
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) fluctuates urine volume more so than tubular reabsorption
false
Lactic acid is a byproduct of aerobic metabolism
false
Sperm production begins in infancy
false
The right kidney is slightly larger than the left kindney
false
Ureters attach to the urinary bladder at the most superior aspect of the bladder
false
X-linked recessive chromosome traits appear more frequently in female populations
false
embryo is used to describe development of cells after the eight week of gestation
false
every cell in the human body contains 46 chromosomes
false
fraternal twins share a placenta
false
haploid ova contain 46 chromosomes
false
male offspring will inherit their mother's eye color due photopigments of the retina coming from genes of the X chromosome
false
men can only produce male offspring due to their Y chromosome
false
spermatozoa cell are capable of surviving within the female reproductive tract for more than one week
false
the genes responsible for albinism is dominant
false
Which of the following draw fluid into capillary vessels
interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP)
fertilization generally occurs in which anatomical structure
oviduct
A typical value of HCO3-, measured via an arterial blood gas (ABG) test, is...
25 mEq/L
Spermatozoa cells maturate in the epididymis for a period of...
3 weeks
The urinary bladder is located within the abdominal peritoneum
False
seminferous tubules produce and secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP) as well as testosterone
False
The male genital duct system contains two prostate ducts
Flase
Endocrine cells of the gastric pits of the stomach secrete
Ghrelin
Endocrine cells of the gastric pits of the stomach secrete...
Ghrelin
Which of the following is not a substance within typical urine?
Glucose
Intrinsic factor, secreted by parietal cells within gastric pits of the stomach, aids in protecting which of the following from hydrochlroic acid (HCl)?
Vitamin B12
Chief cells of the gastric pits of the stomach secrete..
enzymes of gastric juice
Acrosomal enzymes are located within the tail of spermatozoa cells
false
Adipose tissue contains more water than bone tissue
false
A typical value of HCO3-, measured via an arterial blood gas (ABG) test, is..
25 mEq/L
at what day after conception does a blastocyst fully implant within the endometrial lining the uterus?
10
Deciduous teeth appear between roughly six months and three years, account for how many total teeth?
20
at what day, of approximation, does the heart of an embryo begin to beat in gestation?
35
A typical value of Pco2, measured via an arterial blood gas (ABG) test, is...
40 mm Hg
A typical value of Pco2, measured via arterial blood gas (ABG) test, is...
40mm Hg
Which of the following is a plausible amount of bile stored in the gallbladder?
45 mL
the diploid number is...
46
In normal circumstances, chyme takes how long to travel from the pyloric sphincter to the cecum?
5 hours
The average pH of urine is...
6
At what age is it common to loose a deciduous tooth?
8
placental secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) peaks at what week of gestation?
8
What approximate percentage of all nephrons exist entirely within the renal corex?
85%
What approximate percentage of all nephrons exist entirely within the renal cortex?
85%
What is the optimal temperature for spermatozoa cell production?
93.2 F
The kidneys are directly responsible for maintenance of the homeostatic balance of...
All of the above
Which of the following are contractile or erectile tissues of the penis?
All of the above
Which of the following is a salivary gland of the mouth?
All of the above
Which of the following is a segment of the nephron
All of the above
Which of the following is a segment of the renal tubule Henle loop Distal convoluted tubule Proximal convoluted tubule All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is classified as a protease?
All of the above
Which of the following is found in semem? Prostaglandins Fructose Spermatozoa cells
All of the above
Which of the following is found in semen?
All of the above
Which of the following ligaments hold the uterus in place?
All of the above
Which of the following routes are taken by water out of the body?
All of the above
Which hormone, secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, aids in the reabsorption of water from renal tubules and collecting ducts?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which of the following press fluid out of the capillary vessels
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
The appendix descends from which aspect of the large intestine?
Cecum
Which of the following stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder?
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Concentric and eccentric contraction of which muscle allows for elevation and depression, respectively of the scrotum?
Dartos
Gastric inhibitory peptide has which of the following effects on the stomach?
Decrease in peristalsis
Which of the following is considered harder than bone?
Enamel
Which of the following is the most superfical aspect of a tooth?
Enamel
Acrosomal enzymes are located within the tail of spermatozoa.
False
Lactic acid is a byproduct of aerobic metabolism.
False
Mucous cells of the alimentary canal produce digestive enzymes.
False
Once within the digestive tract, ingested food is considered to be a part of the internal environment of the body
False
Only one spermatozoa cell is necessary for fertilization of an ovum.
False
Reabsorption is limited to the proximal convoluted tubules
False
Renal columns are comprised of medullary tissue
False
Salivary amylase functions optimally at a pH of less than four.
False
The chief regulator of the movement of water across phospholipid bilayers of cell membranes is hydrostatic pressure.
False
The esophagus lies anterior to the heart
False
The gallbladder produces and secretes bile.
False
The head or cap of spermatozoa cells are filled with mitochondria to propel the unique cellular structure
False
The parietal layer of a Bowman's capsule is comprised of permeable podocytes
False
The pylorus of the stomach is the most superior aspect of the stomach
False
The pylorus of the stomach is the most superior aspect of the stomach.
False
The right kidney is slightly larger than the left kidney
False
The submandibular glands secrete mucus only
False
The urinary bladder is located within the abdominal perioneum.
False
Chylomicrons are followed by which organelle of absorptive cells?
Golgi apparatus
The medial concave curvature of each kidney is know as the...
Hilum
which hormone stimulates the corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone after fertilization?
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Which of the following draw fluid into capillary vessels?
Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP)
Which of the following carbohydrates is classified as a disaccharide?
Lactose
Movement of a bolus from the pharynx downward into the esophagus is controlled via the deglutition center, located within the...
Medulla
The innermost layer of gastrointestinal walls is termed
Mucosa
The innermost layer of gastrointestinal walls is termed...
Mucosa
Which layer of the gastrointestinal wall is comprised of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle?
Muscularis
Apart from post-pubescent periods, the period of highest testosterone content within blood plasma is...
The second trimester in utero
The process of bolus movement controlled by smooth muscle contractions is best defined as...
Peristalsis
Which of the following is not a cation?
Phosphate (HPO4=)
Which of the following is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid?
Potassium (K+)
Which of the following secretes fluid composing roughly 30% of total seminal fluid volume
Prostate gland
The process of bolus or chyme movement back and forth by smooth muscles contraction is best defined as...
Segmentation
Which of the following is not a portion of the colon?
Triennial
A blood-testis barrier (BTB) exists to protect developing spermatozoa cells from in the immune system.
True
Acetaminophen is detoxified in the liver.
True
All digestive enzymes can be classified as hydrolases.
True
Alterations in pH can change the shape of an enzyme.
True
Although only contributing to approx. 5% of total seminal fluid volume, the testes and epididymis produce hundreds of millions of sperm
True
An anatomist may divide the digestive tract into foregut, midgut, and hindgut from an embryological perspective.
True
Approx. 180L of plasma is filtered through the glomerulus each day
True
Areolar tissues of the breast are capable of secreting pheromones
True
Bicarbonate (HCO3) is utilized in the renal system to alter pH levels
True
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) exists in the cytoplasm or cytosol of erythrocytes.
True
Carotid bodies, a form of chemoreceptor, are responsible signaling necessary adjustments from altered pH.
True
Deglutition is the process of swallowing and moving a bouis through the esophagus into the stomach
True
Each anal column contains artery and vein.
True
Efferent arterioles within renal tissues are smaller in diameter than afferent arterioles
True
Estrogen is a steroid derivative of testosterone.
True
Fluid output cannot be halted to zero
True
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) correlates with sperm production
True
Glucose is classified as a nonelectrolyte
True
Hydrostatic pressure is the primary diver of filtration within renal tissues
True
Hyperventilation rids the body of excess carbon dioxide and in turn, carbonic acid
True
Hyperventilation rids the body of excess carbon dioxide, and in turn, carbonic acid.
True
Incontinence refers to involuntary micturition
True
Incontinence refers to involuntary micturition.
True
Inhibin, secreted by sustentacular cells, inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
True
Interstitial fluid is classified as extracellular fluid (ECF).
True
Kinases are often responsible for the activation of enzymes via their interaction with proenzymes.
True
Kupffer cells are macrophages
True
Luteinizing hormone (LH) correlates with the testosterone production
True
Mastication is the primary means of mechanical digestion in the oral cavity
True
Neutrality of pH exists at a level of 7 on the pH scale.
True
Occupancy of spermatozoa cells within the vas deferens depends on the frequency of ejaculation.
True
One-fifth, as an approximation, of all blood circulating via the cardiovascular system cycles through the renal system each minute
True
Pepsin is a derivative enzyme of pepsinogen
True
Progesterone secretion attracts spermatozoa cells and increases their motility
True
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is secreted within pancreatic juice from acinar cells of the pancreas
True
The external urethral sphincter is under voluntary or somatic control.
True
The renal pelvis stems from major and minor calyces and continues into a renal ureter.
True
The stomach is located within the abdominal peritoneum
True
The sublingual glands secrete mucus without serous
True
Which of the following is a segment of the renal tubule? Distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted tubule henle loop
all of the above
which of the following hormones are released by the corpus luteum?
all of the above
enamel stems from which primary germ layer?
ectoderm
the tonsils stem from which of primary germ layer?
endoderm
which layer of the uterus sloughs off during menstruation?
endometrium
A bowman's capsule joins an adjacent glomerulus via a basement membrane
true
An ectopic pregnancy refers to fertilization and development of a fetus in an area other than the uterus
true
An episiotomy is a surgical procedure in which an intentional incision is made in the perineum
true
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) exists in the cytoplasm or cytosol of erythrocytes
true
Carotid bodies, a form of chemoreceptor, are responsible signaling necessarey adjustments from altered pH
true
Cells of the trophoblast, secrete human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
true
Evidence suggests that within human physiology, muscle fibers can be lost, but cannot be created
true
Gastrin aids in secretion of hydorchloric acid (HCI)
true
Hydrostatic pressure is the primary driver of filtration within renal tissues
true
Hyperventilation rids the body of excess carbon dioxide, and in turn, carbonic acid
true
Interstitial cells of the male reproductive system produce testosterone
true
Neutrality of pH exists at a level of 7 on the pH scale
true
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is located along the afferent arteriole at a point where it moves adjacently along the distal convoluted tubule
true
The largest gland in the body is the liver
true
The lingual frenulum anchors the tongue with the floor of the mouth
true
The parotid glands secrete enzymes in a watery serous without mucus
true
The renal pelvis stems from major and minor calyces and continues into a renal ureter
true
exercise and sufficient calcium dietary intake aid in bone mineral density maintenance
true
histones are cylindrical protein structures which aid in the coiling of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
true
identical twins are a result of zygote splitting
true
meiosis generates daughter cells which possess half the chromosomes of the parent cell
true
ossicles of the middle ear can become more fixed with age
true
progesterone secretion inhibits oxytocin (OT) release
true
sickle cell anemia is resistant against plasmodium parasites
true
spermatozoa cells are attracted to uterine tubes, in part due to increased temperatures within uterine tubes, via a process known as thermotaxis
true
the adrenal cortex secretes progesterone
true
the beta chain of hemoglobin is affected by the sickle cell anemia gene
true
the majority of infants is able to crawl around ten months of age
true
which of the following is the term used to describe the first cell of a new individual?
zygote