A&P II Ch 22.1 Exam 2

Select all that apply Name the lobes of the human right lung. Superior Lateral Inferior Middle Horizontal

Superior Inferior Middle

Name the lobes of the human left lung. Medial and lateral Superior and inferior Superior, lateral and inferior Anterior and posterior

Superior and inferior

Which best describes what happens during exhalation? The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out The diaphragm contracts, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, air flows out The diaphragm contracts, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure decreases, air flows out

The diaphragm relaxes, intrapulmonary pressure increases, air flows out

Why does air flow into the lungs during inspiration? Intrapulmonary pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure, and air flows toward higher pressure regions. Pressure is the same in the atmosphere and in the lungs. Atmospheric pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure, and air flows toward the lower pressure area. Resistance increases in the lungs during inspiration, and air always takes the pathway with the greatest resistance.

Atmospheric pressure is greater than intrapulmonary pressure, and air flows toward the lower pressure area.

Select all that apply The respiratory system does which of the following? Functions in vocalization and speech Influences calcium metabolism Plays a role in regulating blood pressure Assists in the removal of carbon dioxide Supplies the body with oxygen

Functions in vocalization and speech Plays a role in regulating blood pressure Assists in the removal of carbon dioxide Supplies the body with oxygen

What airway supplies air to a single bronchopulmonary segment of the lung? Bronchiole Secondary bronchus Tertiary bronchus Primary bronchus

Tertiary bronchus

Select all that apply Which are functions of the larynx? To absorb atmospheric oxygen To produce sound To detect odors To keep food and drink out of the airway

To produce sound To keep food and drink out of the airway

Which structure conducts air from the larynx to the primary bronchi? Bronchioles Epiglottis Pharynx Trachea

Trachea

Most of the surface area for gas exchange within the respiratory system is found within the many _____ of the lungs.

alveoli

The ______ reserve volume represents the maximum amount of air that may be inhaled after the tidal volume. inspiratory expiratory

inspiratory

About how much air is in the anatomic dead space? 4800mL 2500mL 150mL 1200mL

150mL

How many lobes make up the left lung? Multiple choice question. 3 2 1 4

2

A normal inspiratory reserve volume would be ______ mL of air. 500 4800 1200 3000

3000

An average tidal volume is about ______ mL of air. 1200 500 100 4600

500

Gas exchange between the air and the blood occurs in which of the following? Terminal bronchiole Tertiary bronchi Alveoli Trachea Secondary bronchiole

Alveoli

Which term refers to the conducting zones of the respiratory system because they are incapable of gas exchange? Expiratory reserve volume Physiological dead space Forced expiratory volume Anatomical dead space

Anatomical dead space

Where is the trachea located? Lateral to the mediastinum Posterior to the esophagus Anterior to the esophagus Superior to the larynx

Anterior to the esophagus

Which of these occurs during exhalation? Lung volumes increase and intrapulmonary pressure increases. Lung volumes remain constant and air expands. Lung volumes decrease and intrapulmonary pressure increases. Lung volumes decrease, intrapulmonary pressure decreases.

Lung volumes decrease and intrapulmonary pressure increases.

Select all that apply Which locations contain the brainstem respiratory centers? Medulla oblongata Fornix Pons Corpora quadrigemina

Medulla oblongata Pons

Select all that apply Which two terms describe the anterior openings of the nasal cavity? Select two answers from the list below. Choanae Nares Vestibule Nostrils

Nares Nostrils

Which term refers to the most superior portion of the pharynx, posterior to the nasal cavity, and extending to the soft palate? Oropharynx Nasopharynx Laryngopharynx Epiglottis

Nasopharynx

What is the serous membrane that encloses each lung? Pleura Pericardium Meninx Peritoneum

Pleura

Select all that apply Which locations contain the brainstem respiratory centers? Fornix Pons Corpora quadrigemina Medulla oblongata

Pons Medulla oblongata

Besides keeping food out of the airway, the larynx is also responsible for which of the following? Filtering the air Detecting odors Absorbing oxygen Producing speech

Producing speech

Why do the lungs expand along with the thoracic cage during inspiration? The cohesion of water causes the visceral pleura to cling to the parietal pleura. Air entering the pleural cavity pushes against the visceral pleura. Muscles in the walls of the alveoli contract, pulling them open and sucking air into the lungs. The parietal pleura and visceral pleura are connected along their surfaces via tight junctions.

The cohesion of water causes the visceral pleura to cling to the parietal pleura.

The posterior nasal apertures are also called the ______. conchae choanae nares nostrils

choanae

Movement of air out of the lungs is called ______. expiration inspiration reflexive coughing apnea

expiration

During the respiratory cycle, the intake of air is called ______. expiration inspiration

inspiration

More than half of the body's blood platelets are made by megakaryocytes in the ______. lungs pancreas liver spleen

lungs

The auditory tubes open in the ______. laryngopharynx oropharynx nasopharynx

nasopharynx

Aspirated objects that enter the trachea are more likely to lodge in which primary bronchus? Right Left

right

The _____ lung has three lobes and two fissures.

right

Tertiary bronchi are also called ______ bronchi. superior main segmental bronchopulmonary

segmental

Which aspect of the lung is known as the apex? Medial Anterior Superior Inferior

superior

The names of the secondary bronchi of the right lung are ______. left, right, and medial superior, anterior, and mediastinal anterior, posterior, and medial superior, middle, and inferior

superior, middle, and inferior

The right lung has how many secondary bronchi? Five One Two Four Three

three

True or false: When the diaphragm contracts and lung volume increases, intrapulmonary pressure drops.

true

How many primary bronchi serve the right lung? 1 2 3 4

1

As the thoracic cavity expands, the visceral pleura clings to the parietal pleura, and the surface of the lung is pulled outward. Why does this increase in lung volume cause inspiration? Intrapleural pressure is temporarily higher than atmospheric pressure. Intrapulmonary pressure is temporarily lower than atmospheric pressure. Intrapulmonary pressure is temporarily lower than intrapleural pressure. Intrapulmonary pressure is temporarily higher than atmospheric pressure.

Intrapulmonary pressure is temporarily lower than atmospheric pressure.

Which term refers to the portion of the lung ventilated by one secondary bronchus? Lobe Alveolus Bronchopulmonary segment Pulmonary lobule

Lobe

The pleurae are which type of membrane? Cutaneous Synovial Mucous Serous

Serous

Where are the respiratory control centers located? Cerebellum Brainstem Cerebrum Corpus callosum

Brainstem

Irritants in the lower respiratory system may stimulate which of the following? Yawning Coughing Laughing Hiccuping Gagging

Coughing

Which muscle (or muscle group) is the prime mover of respiration, producing about two-thirds of pulmonary airflow? Erector spinae Intercostal muscles Diaphragm Scalene muscles

Diaphragm

Select all that apply Which two muscles (or muscle groups) are primarily responsible for resting (non-forced) inspiration? Choose two answers from the list below. Sternocleidomastoid Diaphragm Intercostals Pectoralis major and minor Rectus abdominis Scalenes

Diaphragm Intercostals

In a healthy individual, which of these volumes would have the greatest numerical value? Inspiratory reserve volume Expiratory reserve volume Residual volume Tidal volume

Inspiratory reserve volume

Which of these occurs during exhalation? Lung volumes increase and intrapulmonary pressure increases. Lung volumes decrease, intrapulmonary pressure decreases. Lung volumes remain constant and air expands. Lung volumes decrease and intrapulmonary pressure increases.

Lung volumes decrease and intrapulmonary pressure increases.

The ______ of the lung is the broad concave surface of the lung that rests on the diaphragm. apex base

base

The system that supplies the body with oxygen and expels carbon dioxide by the rhythmic intake and expulsion of air is the ______ system. respiratory cardiovascular digestive lymphatic

respiratory

_____ volume is the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a respiratory cycle.

tidal

Which term refers to relaxed, quiet breathing? Tachypnea Eupnea Apnea Hyperpnea

Eupnea