A&P II Exam 2

A deficiency in the ability of the immune system to protect the body from a pathogen causes a. immunodeficiency diseases b. allergy c. autoimmune disease d. transplantations

A

Inhaling and exhaling a. ventilation b. internal respiration c. respiration d. external (pulmonary) respiration.

A

Which phase of digestion stimulates gastric secretions and motility a. cephalic phase b. gastric phase c. intestinal phase d. rectal phase

A

hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factors are secreted in the stomach by? a. parietal cells b. chief cells c. g cells d. goblet cells

A

in the chart above what is the typical volume for letter B? a. 500ml b. 1000ml c. 2500ml d. 5000ml

A

long term inflammation disease of the airways of the lung a. asthma b. COPD c. Pneumonia d. Tuberculosis

A

the law that describes the pressure changes that occur during pulmonary ventilation is? a. boyle's law b. charles law c. henrys law d. the inhalation law

A

the mucosa layer of the colon is lined primarily will ______ and _______ a. absorptive cells; goblet cells b. absorptive cells; parietal cells c. chief cells; g cells d. chief cells; mucous neck cells

A

the peritoneum is the largest serous membrane of the body a. true b. false

A

unlike the cardiovascular system, lymphatic capillaries are closed at one end. a. true b. false

A

what is the sum of vital capacity and residual volume on a spirogram? a. total lung capacity b. funcional residual capacity c. inspiratory capacity d. vital capacity

A

where does the pancreas empty its contents? a. duodenum b. transverse colon c. stomach d. liver

A

which cell requires antigens to be processed and presented in a particular way before it can recognize and become activated? a. t cells b. memory cells c. b cells d. antibodies

A

which layer of the GI tract is most internal (closest to the lumen of the various organs) a. mucosa b. submucosa c. serosa d. muscularis

A

which of the following are a part of your adaptive immune system? a. macrophages b. saliva c. urine flow d. mucus e. skin

A

which of the following is a function of the spleen? a. removes dead blood cells b. circulates lymph c. cleanses interstitial fluid d.cleanses lymph

A

which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water? a. pharynx b. larynx c. paranasal sinuses d. trachea

A

which of the three salivary glands is found POSTERIOR to the mandible, near the ear a. parotid b. submandibular c. sublingual d. atrocian

A

which type of allergic reaction is the most common type? a. type I (anaphylactic) reaction b. type II (cytotoxic) reaction c. type III (immune complex) reactions d. type IV (cell mediated) reactions

A

which type of immunity defends against any type of invader? a. nonspecific b. specific c. cell mediated d. antibody mediated immunity

A

the tongue produces which enzyme? a. amylace b. peptinase c. gastrase d. lipase

AD

How do activated cytotoxic t cells deliver their "lethal hit" to infected body cells? a. they ingest the infected cells b. they produce a toxin such as a granzymes that cause the cell to undergo apoptosis c. they "drink" the infected cells cytoplasm effectively killing the cell d. they don't they simply alert other cells that the cell is infected.

B

Which part of the tooth makes up the majority of the tooth, is made of calcified connective tissue, and is the strongest substance in the entire body? a. enamel b. dentin c. pulp cavity d. cementum

B

a suspension of external breathing in which there is no movement of the muscles of inhalation and the volume of the lungs initial remains uncharged is called ____ a. eupnea b. apnea c. dyspnea d. tachypnea

B

all of the following are considered organs of the gastrointestinal tract EXCEPT a. small intestine b. gallbladder c. stomach d. esophagus

B

chronic obstructive lung disease characterized by long term poor airflow a. asthma b. COPD c. Pneumonia d. Tuberculosis

B

deciduous dentition are better known as "adult teeth" a. true b. false

B

gas exchange in the cells of the rest of the body a. ventilation b. internal respiration c. respiration d. external (pulmonary) respiration.

B

in exogenous antigen processing, the antigen is ingested, digested, and its peptide fragments are bound to what sort of molecules? a. MHC-I b. MHC-II c. protein promoters d. antigenic polymers

B

lymph flows into lymph nodes through the _______ vessel and out through the__________ vessel. a. efferent lymphatic; afferent lymphatic b. afferent lymphatic; efferent lymphatic c. medullary sinus; sub scapular sinus d. subscapularis sinus; medullary sinus

B

natural exposure to an infectious agent leads to? a. passive immunity b. active immunity c. both of these choices d. none of these choices

B

release of water acid, buffers, and enzymes into the lumen of the GI tract is known as a. ingestion b. secretion c. propulsion d. absorption

B

some structures in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts serve as sites for gas diffusion a. true b. false

B

the capability of the GI tract to move material along its length is called a. segmentation b. propulsion c. digestion d. defecation

B

the oral cavity is formed by the cheeks, tongue, and hard palate, but NOT the soft palate. a. true b. false

B

where does the majority of digestion and absorption occur? a. stomach b. small intestine c. large intestine d. liver

B

which cells display CD4 proteins and interact with MHC II antigens? a. cytotoxic t cells b. helper t cells c. memory t cells d. b cells

B

which class of antibodies is mainly found in sweat, tears, breast milk and GI secreations and can immobilize bacteria? a. igG b. igA c. igM d. igD

B

which of the following induces the production of a specific antibody? a. phagocytosis b. antigen c. antibody d. defensin

B

which of these controls forceful exhalation a. dorsal respiratory group b. ventral respirator group

B

which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea? a. arytenoid cartilage b. epiglottis c. nasopharynx d. thyroid cartilage

B

a strong wave that begins in the transverse colon and quickly drives the contents of the colon into the rectum is known as a. austral churning b. peristalsis c. mass peristalsis d. epiploic churning

C

an acute allergic response can lead to? a. transplantation b. retroviruses c. anaphylactic shock d. passive immunity

C

an oxygen deficiency at the tissue level caused by low PO2 in arterial blood due to high altitude, airway obstruction or fluid in the lungs is termed________ a. hypercapnia b. hyercronia c. hypoxia d. none of the above

C

endogenous antigen processing is performed on? a. free floating bacteria b. free floating viruses c. antigen found in a cell d. t cells

C

exchange of gasses between the atmosphere, blood and cells. a. ventilation b. internal respiration c. respiration d. external (pulmonary) respiration.

C

in the chart above , what does A represent? a. inspiratory capacity b. functional capacity c. vital capacity d. total lung capacity

C

in which organ do t cells form? a. red bone marrow b. spleen c. thymus d. lymph nodes

C

inflammatory lung condition primarily affecting the alveoli a. asthma b. COPD c. Pneumonia d. Tuberculosis

C

the highly vascularized, mesh like connective tissue connects the folds of the small intestine to one another are known as a. greater omentum b. lesser omentum c. mesentery d. falciform ligament

C

what covers the larynx during deglutition resulting in a momentary interruption in breathing? a. uvale b. tongue c. epiglottis d. volcal folds

C

what is the major difference between lymph and interstitial fluid? a. composition of electrolytes b. white blood cells are present in lymph c. location d. red blood cells are present in interstitial fluid

C

what is the order of the small intestine from beginning to end a. jejunum > ileum > duodenum b. duodenum > illeum > jejunum c. duodenum > jejunum > illeum d. ileum > jejunum > duodenum

C

where do B cells NOT recognize and bind to antigens? a. lymph b. interstitial fluid c. bone marrow d. blood plasma

C

which class of antibodies is known for having many binding sites and can cause agglutination causing antigens to clump together? a. igG b. igA c. igM d. igD

C

which of the following decreases breathing rate and depth? a. increase in body temp b. prolonged pain c. increase in blood pressure d. stretching of the anal sphincter

C

which of the following indicates the direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs? a. oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide into blood b. oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood c. oxygen into blood, carbon dioxide out of blood d. oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide out of blood.

C

which of the following is NOT a function of the liver a. conversion of carbohydrates b. protein metabolism c. storage of bilirubin d. phagocytes e. storage of vitamins

C

The pancreas produces enzymes that digest which of the following ; a. carbohydrates b. protein c. fats d. all of the above

D

Which part of a large microbe acts as an antigen? a. epitopes b. entire microbes c.nucleus d. both A and B are correct

D

deglutition describes a. formation of a bolus before swallowing b. enzymatic digestion of food in the mouth c. chewing d. the act of swallowing

D

feces contains all of the following except a. water b. bacteria c. sloughed-off epithelial cells d. all of the above are found in feces

D

gas exchange in the lungs a. ventilation b. internal respiration c. respiration d. external (pulmonary) respiration.

D

infectious bacterial disease that affects the lungs a. asthma b. COPD c. Pneumonia d. Tuberculosis

D

lymphatic fluid picked up from your legs will be deposited into the duct: a. left axillary vein b. right lymphatic duct c. jugular trunk d. thoracic duct

D

which of the following cells is part of the boys second line of defenses? a. mucous cells b. germ cells c. b and t lymphocytes d. natural killer cells

D

which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system? a. nose b. oral cavity c. pharynx d. bronchi

D

which of the following is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobins affinity for oxygen? a. pH of blood b. partial pressure of the oxygen c. temperature d. all of the above affect hemoglobins affinity for oxygen.

D

which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system? a. drain excessive interstitial fluid b. transport dietary lipids c. carry out immune response d. all of the above

D

which of the following is a respiratory zone action? a. clean air of debris b. conduct air into the lungs c. add water to air d. gas exchange

D

which of the following is an effect of stress on the immune system? a. increased activity on T lymphocytes b. increased activity of B lymphocytes c. activation of the immune system d. inhibition of the immune system

D

which of the following is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport? a. bound of hemoglobin b. bound to oxygen c. dissolve in plasma as a gas d. dissolve in plasma as a bicarbonate ions

D

which of the following is the primary gas exchange site? a. trachea b. bronchiole c. nasal sinuses d. alveolus

D

which of these is not a function of the stomach ? a. mixes saliva, food, and gastric juice to form chyme b. secretes gastrin into blood c. secretes gastric juice containing HCI acid d. absorbs neutrients

D

which of the following is NOT a change in the digestive system associated with aging? a. decreased secretory mechanisms b. decreased motility of the digestive organs c. loss of strength and tone of the muscular tissue d. changes in neurosensory feedback regarding enzyme and hormone release e. all of these are age related changes in the digestive system

E