A&P Lecture Quiz 6- Integumentary System

Which type of hair forms the beard on the faces of males?

Terminal

The portion of a hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin is the

hair shaft.

This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis.

papillary layer

From deep to superficial, the order of the strata of the epidermis is

Basale - spinosum - granulosum - lucidum - corneum

The growth rate for a scalp hair is about _______ per day for 1.5 to 7 years, and then the hair becomes dormant.

1.3 mm

What is the composition of the subcutaneous layer?

Areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue

Which skin markings usually disappear during childhood?

Capillary hemangiomas

The layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the

Epidermis

What is the greatest risk factor for skin cancer?

Exposure to UV light rays

Compared to the young, elderly individuals have _______ epidermal dendritic skin cells.

Fewer

What type of stimulus is detected by the sensory receptors of the skin?

Heat, Cold, Pressure, & Vibration

Normally, skin color results from a combination of

Melanin, Hemoglobin, & Carotene

Which of the following skin changes is usually associated with aging?

Loss of subcutaneous tissue contributes to sagging of the skin.

Normally, skin color results from a combination of

Melanin, Hemoglobin and Carotene

Which are applicable to the stratum corneum?

Most superficial stratum, Cells are dead, Interlocking keratinized cells, & Cells are anucleate

Which is the actively growing part of the nail?

Nail Matrix

Areas where adult males tend to accumulate subcutaneous fat include the

Neck, abdomen, and buttocks

To speed healing from surgery, incisions should be placed ________ to lines of cleavage.

Parallel

Where on the human body is the hair thick enough to retain heat?

Scalp

Which of the following statements is false?

Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands.

Which of these are functions of hair?

Sensory reception, Heat retention, Pheromone dispersal, Protection, & Visual identification

Why might someone pale when they are exposed to a cold temperature?

Vasoconstriction has occurred

Fine hair called _________, which is unpigmented or lightly pigmented, is the primary human hair and is found on the upper and lower limbs.

Vellus

Which of the following statements concerning vitamin D is false?

Vitamin D causes the kidney to excrete calcium.

Generally, people have ________ number of melanocytes ______________.

about the same; no matter where they live

Merocrine sweat glands

aid in cooling the body.

The type of gland that secretes sweat into a hair follicle that is found in the axillary, anal, and genital regions is the ________ sweat gland.

apocrine

The structure responsible for pulling on the follicle and causing "goose bumps" is the

arrector pili muscle.

Another name for the skin is the _________ membrane.

cutaneous

One of the main dangers of burns is

dehydration, as water can escape from the body.

Blood capillaries that supply nourishment for the epidermis are located in the

dermal papillae.

Fingerprints and footprints are produced by projections into the epidermis called

dermal papillae.

Cancer cells in the epidermis are attacked by

epidermal dendritic cells.

Which of the following will help cool the body?

evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface

Thick skin contains

five epidermal strata and lacks sebaceous glands.

The stratum corneum beneath the free edge of the nail is the

hyponychium

Epidermal dendritic (Langerhans) cells function as part of the ______ response.

immune

The epithelial tissue root sheath is the _________ layer of the concentric layers making up the hair follicle wall; it derives from the ________.

inner; epidermis

Thick skin

is found in areas subject to pressure or friction such as palms.

Intact skin provides protection because

it forms a physical barrier against the entry of microbes.

Delicate unpigmented hairs that cover the fetus in early development are called

lanugo hairs.

The activity of apocrine sweat glands

leads to body odor.

Sebum is a secretion that

lubricates skin and helps defend against bacteria.

Cerumen is a secretion that

lubricates the ear canal and traps debris before it reaches the eardrum.

The two types of leukocytes that clean up debris underneath the blood clot of a wound are

macrophages and neutrophils.

Skin cancer is the _______ type of cancer, and due to sun exposure it occurs most frequently on the __________.

most common; head and neck

The nail root and the nail body attach to the

nail bed.

Nail cells are produced by the

nail matrix.

Keratinization

produces a layer of cells that are dead but strong

The function of melanin in the skin is to

protect against UV light.

Nails

protect the ends of digits.

An autoimmune disorder that affects the process of keratinization results in the condition known as

psoriasis.

The reticular layer of the dermis consists primarily of

reticular connective tissue.

The part of the hair that extends beyond the skin surface is called the

shaft.

The layer of the epidermis in which there is the greatest amount of mitotic activity.

stratum basale

This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells.

stratum corneum

Which layer of the epidermis is found only in a few areas of the body?

stratum lucidum

Lines of cleavage are a result of

the alignment of dermal papillae.

Lines of cleavage are a result of

the orientation of collagen fibers in the dermis.

Tactile (Merkel) cells are sensitive to

touch.

Within the body, carotene is converted to

vitamin A, which is important for visual function.