A&P PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

What type of receptors respond to temperature changes? A. Thermoreceptors B. Nociceptors C. Mechanoreceptors D. Photoreceptors E. Chemoreceptors

Thermoreceptors

Motor neurons can be classified as either somatic or autonomic. True False

True

The Peripheral Nervous System is composed of sensory neurons and motor neurons. True False

True

The spinal cord carries sensory information up to the brain and motor information down from the brain. True False

True

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves attached to the spinal cord. True False

True

What is found in the large, vitreous chamber of the eye? A. Serous fluid B. Vitreous humor C. Good humor D. Aqueous humor

Vitreous humor

Sensory neurons can be classified as either somatic or autonomic. True False

False

The sympathetic and parasympathetic are divisions of the somatic system. True False

False

The cell bodies of motor neurons to autonomic effectors are located in the A. Posterior gray horns B. Lateral gray horns C. Anterior gray horns D. Gray commissure

Gray commissure

Which of the following is TRUE about spinal cord structure? A. Gray matter inside, white matter outside and a ventral sensory root B. Gray matter inside, white matter outside and a dorsal sensory root C. Gray matter outside, white matter inside and a ventral motor root D. Gray matter outside, white matter inside and a dorsal motor root

Gray matter inside, white matter outside and a dorsal sensory root

In general, the parasympathetic division will A. Decrease digestive functions B. Increase digestive functions C. Increase cardiac rate D. Increase breathing rate

Increase digestive functions

Which of the following is NOT a division of the autonomic nervous system? A. Somatic nervous system B. Sympathetic nervous system C. Parasympathetic nervous system D. None of the above

Somatic nervous system

The ventral spinal nerve root carries ___ motor neurons. 1 2 3 4 None

2

Which statement is NOT true about the cells of the nervous system? A. A neuron can have only one axon. B. There may be multiple dendrites on a single neuron. C. A myelin sheath is an insulating layer that covers the axon. D. A dendrite is the part of the neuron that carries an electrical impulse away from the cell body.

A dendrite is the part of the neuron that carries an electrical impulse away from the cell body

Aging effects on the nervous system include A. Loss of sensory and motor neurons B. Decrease in CNS processing C. Loss of sensory receptors D. All of the choices are correct

All of the choices are correct

Autonomic reflexes are used by the body to help regulate A. Blood pressure B. Heart rate C. Digestion D. All of the choices are correct

All of the choices are correct

The functions of the human nervous system include A. sensory input. B. integration. C. generation of motor output. D. All of the choices characterize the human nervous system's functions. E. A and B only are correct

All of the choices characterize the human nervous system's functions

The sympathetic chain ganglion are located A. Alongside the vertebral column from T1 through T2 regions. B. Alongside the vertebral column from cervical through sacral regions. C. Anterior to the spinal column in the abdominal cavity. D. Very close to the organ being innervated by the nerve.

Alongside the vertebral column from cervical through sacral regions.

Which of the following statements about axon membranes is NOT true? A. The resting potential of a typical neuron is -65 mV. B. There is an electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane. C. The polarity correlates with a difference in ion distribution across the membrane. D. At rest, there is a higher concentration of sodium ions inside the axon.

At rest, there is a higher concentration of sodium ions inside the axon.

Which division of the motor nerve has a more generalized effect in the body?  A. Somatic B. Autonomic

Autonomic

What is the function of the iris? A. Change the shape of the lens B. Open the eyelids C. Control the size of the pupil D. Refract light

Control the size of the pupil

The clear part of the sclera formed in the front of the eye is the A. Cornea B. Retina C. Fovea D. Macula

Cornea

The most anterior portion of the sclera is the A. Cornea B. Iris C. Pupil D. Conjunctiva

Cornea

Which is the proper order of the focusing system of the eye? A. Cornea, lens, aqueous humor, vitreous humor B. Aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, cornea C. Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor D. Lens, vitreous humor, cornea, aqueous humor

Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

The Peripheral Nervous System includes the Brain Spinal Cord Brain and Spinal Cord Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Cranial and Spinal Nerves

Cranial and Spinal Nerves

The parasympathetic division is also known as the A. Craniosacral division B. Enteric division C. Thoracolumbar division D. Cervicothoracic division

Craniosacral division

Which of the following is a function of the sympathetic division? A. Dilate the pupil B. Increase gastric secretion C. Decrease in heart rate D. Contraction of the gall bladder

Dilate the pupil

A record of the electrical activity of the brain is called a/an A. Electrocardiogram B. Computed tomography scan C. Electroencephalogram D. Magnetic resonance image

Electroencephalogram

A reflex is a conscious, voluntary response to a stimulus.  True False

False

Fine adjustments for focusing is performed by the A. Cornea B. Retina C. Ciliary ring D. Lens

Lens

Which spinal nerve type and number are correctly matched? A. Cervical - 7 B. Thoracic - 10 C. Lumbar - 5 D. Sacral - 1

Lumbar - 5

In the eye, the place where images are formed is the A. Lens B. Cornea C. Macula D. Aqueous Humor

Macula

The visual cortex is located in the _______ lobe. A. Frontal B. Occipital C. Temporal D. Parietal E. Insula

Occipital

What type of receptors are involved in vision? A. Thermoreceptors B. Nociceptors C. Mechanoreceptors D. Photoreceptors E. Chemoreceptors

Photoreceptors

The _______________ neuron runs from the Central Nervous System to the autonomic ganglion. A. Somatic motor B. Postganglionic C. Preganglionic D. Sensory

Preganglionic

The sciatic nerve comes from the__ plexus. A. Coccygeal B. Sacral C. Lumbar D. Thoracic

Sacral

The spinal cord ends at the level of the A. Sacrum. B. Fourth lumbar vertebra. C. Second lumbar vertebra. D. Twelfth thoracic vertebra.

Second lumbar vertebra.

The dorsal spinal nerve root is A. Motor and has no ganglion B. Motor and has a ganglion C. Sensory and has no ganglion D. Sensory and has a ganglion

Sensory and has no ganglion

Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures in a reflex arc? A. Effector organ, motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron, sensory receptor B. Interneuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron, sensory receptor, effector organ C. Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector organ D. Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector organ

Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector organ

In the sympathetic division, the preganglionic neuron is A. Short and the postganglionic neuron is longer B. Short and the postganglionic neuron is shorter. C. Long and the postganglionic neuron is short. D. Long and the postganglionic neuron is longer

Short and the postganglionic neuron is longer

What ion channels are opened to produce an action potential? A. Sodium and potassium B. Sodium and chloride C. Potassium and calcium D. Calcium and sodium

Sodium and potassium

Which division of the motor nerve has a specific effector organ?  A. Somatic B. Autonomic

Somatic

The auditory cortex is located in the _____ lobe. A. Frontal B. Occipital C. Temporal D. Parietal E. Insula

Temporal

Which of the following is NOT part of the brainstem? A. Thalamus B. Pons C. Medulla oblongata D. Midbrain

Thalamus

What statement is NOT true about the human nervous system? A. The somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles. B. The somatic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. C. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. D. The somatic nervous system is part of the peripheral nervous system. E. The autonomic nervous system controls glands and smooth muscles of the viscera.

The somatic nervous system is further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

The enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine within the synaptic cleft is A. acetylcholinesterase. B. monoamine oxidase. C. GABA. D. lipase. E. maltase.

acetylcholinesterase.

Cranial nerves A. arise from the brain. B. arise from the spinal cord. C. arise from the ganglia. D. arise from the organ innervated.

arise from the brain.

In the majority of the population, the right cerebral cortex is most involved in speech and mathematical functions. True False

false

Initiation of voluntary movement begins with _________. A. motor neurons B. sensory neurons C. locator neurons D. posterior neurons

motor neurons

At rest, the inside of the neuron is A. negatively charged. B. positively charged. C. neutral, or equal to the exterior charge. D. None of the choices are correct.

negatively charged.

The peripheral nervous system consists of A. only the nerves in the entire nervous system. B. only the ganglia. C. nerves and ganglia that lie outside the CNS. D. the brain and spinal cord. E. the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

nerves and ganglia that lie outside the CNS.

The functional units of the nervous system are the A. Neuromodulators. B. nerve nets. C. neuroglia. D. neurons.

neurons

Which of the following associations between structure and function is NOT correct? A. axons - conduct signals away from the cell body. B. sensory neuron - take nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands. C. cell body - contains nucleus and organelles. D. dendrites - receive signals and transmit them to the cell body. E. interneuron - convey nerve impulses between various parts of the CNS.

sensory neuron - take nerve impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands.

Fibers of motor neurons are divided into sensory and motor neurons spatial and nonspatial neurons somatic and autonomic neurons sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons

somatic and autonomic neurons

The connection space between the dendrite of one cell and the axon of another cell is called a(n) A. synapse. B. neurotransmitter. C. axonic connection. D. threshold.

synapse.

The Blind Spot of the eye occurs were A. the lens meets the cornea. B. the retina meets the cornea. C. the sclera and the cornea meet. D. the optic nerve leaves the back of the eye.

the optic nerve leaves the back of the eye.

The likely effect on a neuron of two excitatory signals and twenty inhibitory signals is A. transmission of a nerve impulse. B. transmission of a nerve impulse releasing inhibitory neurotransmitters at the next synapse. C. prohibiting the axon from firing. D. confused integration.

transmission of a nerve impulse releasing inhibitory neurotransmitters at the next synapse.

Spinal nerves are designated by the location and numerical position on the spine. True False

true

1. What structure of the spinal cord carries motor impulses from the brain? A. ventral root B. dorsal root C. dorsal root ganglion D. dorsal horn

ventral root

What is found in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye? A. Serous fluid B. Vitreous humor C. Good humor D. Aqueous humor

vitreous humor