AOM: TG Ch. 5: Head, Neck, and Face Muscles and Bones Review
Posterior Scalene Insertion
2nd rib
Masseter Insertion
Angle and ramus of mandible
digastric nerve
Anterior belly: trigeminal (V) Posterior belly: facial (VII)
Temporalis Insertion
Coronois process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible
Corrugator Supercilli
Deep; muscle on forehead; Originates on the lower part of the frontal bone and draws the eyebrows medially and inferiorly.
Infrahyoids Action
Depress the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
platysma action
Depression of mandible and lower lip Tension of skin of neck
Temproalis Action
Elevate mandible (TMJ). Retract mandible (TMJ). Used whe ripping off and chewing a piece jerky and grinding teeth
Masseter Action
Elevate mandible. May assist to protract the mandible Used when talking, chewing gum, and gnashing teeth
medial pterygoid action
Elevates and protracts and moves mandible from side to side
Procerus
Fascia over the nasal bone, superior to nasalis- pulls the skin of the nose upward.
Middle Scalene Insertion
First Rib
Anterior Scalene Insertion
First rib
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
Mastoid process of temporal bone and the lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
Occipitalis
Originates on the galea aponeurotica and anchors it to the occiput and draws scalp posteriorly
Frontalis
Originates on the galea aponeurotica and raises eyebrows
Digastric muscle
Originates on the mastoid process, loops through a tendinous sling on the hyoid and inserts on the interior body of the mandible. depresses mandible, elevates hyoid
Levator Labii Superioris (L.L.S.)
Originates on the maxilla and elevates and protrudes the upper lip.
Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi (L.L.S.A.N.)
Originates on the maxilla and flares the nostril as well as elevate and protrude the upper lip.
Sternocleidomastoid Innervation
Spinal Accessory (XI) Nerve C2,3
Sternocleidomastoid Orgin
Sternal Head: Top of manubrium Clavicular Head: Medial 1/3 of clavicle
Sternocleidomastoid origin
Sternal head: manubrium of sternum Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle
Posterior Triangle
Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius, Clavicle. The scalenes are found in this triangle.
Temporalis Orgin
Temporal fossa and fascia
Anterior Triangle
Trachea, Base of Mandible, Sternocleidomastoid. The carotid artery sits in triangle
Middle Scalene Orgin
Transverse processes of 2-7 cervical vertebrae
Anterior Scalene Orgin
Transverse processes of 3-6 cervical vertebrae
Posterior Scalene Orgin
Transverse processes of 6-7 cervical vertebrae
masseter nerve
Trigeminal (CN V)
Masseter Innervation
Trigeminal (V) Nerve (mandibular division)
Temporalis Innervation
Trigeminal (V) Nerve (mandibular division)
Longus Capitis action
Unilateral rotate head & neck to same side,laterally flex head & neck to same sideBilateral flex head & neck
Longus Colli action
Unilateral rotate head & neck to same side,laterally flex head & neck to same sideBilateral flex head & neck
Sternocleidomastoid Action
Unilaterally- Laterally flex head and neck to same side. Rotate head and neck to opposite side Bilaterally- Flex neck. Assist to elevate rib cage during inhalation. Used to shake head yes and no.
Scalenes Action
Unilaterally- With ribs fixed, laterally flex head and neck to same side. Rotate head and neck to opposite side Bilaterally- Elevate ribs during inhalation. Flex head and neck Taking a deep breath into upper chest and stabilizing head when reading Whiplash
sternocleidomastoid action
Unilaterally: Contralateral rotation of head and neck Lateral flexion of head and neck Bilaterally: Flexion of head and neck Contributes to extension of upper cervical region and head
Masseter Orgin
Zygomatic Arch
sternocleidomastoid nerve
accessory nerve (XI)
scalenes actions
all parts Unilaterally: laterally flex head and neck to same side Rotate head and neck to opposite sides Bilaterally: elevate rib during inhalation anterior: Bilaterally flex head and neck
masseter insertion
angle and ramus of mandible
scalenes insertion
anterior: 1st rib middle: 1st rib posterior: 2nd rib
scalenes origin
anterior: transverse processes of C3-C6 middle: transverse processes of C2-C7 posterior: transverse processes of C6-C7
lateral pterygoid action
bilateral: protrudes mandible unilateral: side-to-side movement of mandible
temporalis insertion
coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible
Buccinator
deep; diagonal under the masseter; Originates on the maxilla and compresses the cheeks.
Masseter
deep; large sheet on cheek inferior to the (3 diagonal muscles - Zygomaticus & Lavator labii superioris)
digastric action
depress mandible elevate hyoid bone retract mandible
mylohyoid action
elevate hyoid and tongue depress mandible
stylohyoid action
elevate hyoid and tongue depress mandible
temporalis action
elevates and retracts mandible
geniohyoid action
elevates hyoid and tongue Depress mandible
masseter action
elevates mandible may assist to protract mandible
The muscles in the back...
extend
The muscles in the front...
flex
geniohyoid insertion
hyoid bone
mylohoid insertion
hyoid bone
stylohyoid insertion
hyoid bone
digastric insertion
inferior border of mandible
Looking to your right would ___ the right SCM.
lengthen
Opening your jaw as far as you can would ___ the masseter's fibers.
lengthen
digastric origin
mastoid process
Sternocleidomastoid insertion
mastoid process of temporal bone
Orbicularis Oris
muscle around the mouth that closes the mouth and shapes and protrudes the lips.
infrahyoid muscles
omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid
Occipitofrontalis action
raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead
Inhaling deeply would ___ the Scalenes.
shorten
Looking to your left would ___ the right SCM.
shorten
Suprahyoid muscles
stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid Digastric sometimes counted as one of these Originate on the underside of the mandible and styloid process and inserts on the hyoid bone
stylohyoid origin
styloid process of temporal bone
Orbicularis Oculi
superficial; circular muscle around the eye; depresses the upper eyelid and elevates the lower eyelid.
Zygomaticus Major
superficial; most lateral diagonal muscle on cheek Originates on the zygomatic bone and elevates the corner of the mouth and draws it laterally.
Depressor Anguli Oris
superficial; most lateral muscle of chin; Originates on the mandible and depresses the corner of the mouth.
Platysma
superficial; sheet-like muscle in neck that pulls mouth (jaw) downward
temporalis origin
temporal fossa and fascia
temporalis nerve
trigeminal nerve
geniohyoid origin
underside of mandible
mylohyiod origin
underside of mandible
masseter origin
zygomatic arch
