A&P:Ch9:Joints
The knee joint is stabilized by ________ major ligaments.
7
Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle. Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident?
A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged
Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged? A) The matrix begins to break down. B) The exposed surface appears rough. C) Friction in the joint increases. D) Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue. E) All of the answers are correct.
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints? A) suture B) gomphosis C) synchondrosis D) synostosis E) All of the answers are correct.
E
Joints can be classified structurally as A) bony. B) fibrous. C) cartilaginous. D) synovial. E) All of the answers are correct.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following types of movement are not permitted at a synovial joint? A) eversion B) flexion C) retraction D) gliding E) They are all permitted.
E) They are all permitted.
Complete dislocation of the knee is rare because
Medial meniscus
Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?
Opening the mouth
Which of the following is false?
The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint.
The supraspinous ligament is
a longitudinal fibrous band that is attached to the tips of spinous processes from C7 to the sacrum.
The flava ligament is
a paired ligament that connect the laminae of adjacent vertebrae.
Pronation is defined as
a rolling of the distal epiphysis of the radius over the ulna.
A movement away from the midline of the body is called
abduction
Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion?
acromioclavicular
In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci
act as cushions between the articulating surfaces.
A slightly movable joint is a(n)
amphiarthrosis
The fibrocartilage outer layer of the intervertebral disc is called the
annulus fibrosus
In nursemaids elbow the radial head is dislocated from the
anular ligament
Bursae are found in all of the following areas except
around blood vessels
The interspinous ligament is
band of fibrous tissue connecting the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae.
Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?
bending the elbow
The normal movement of the knee joint during walking involves
both flexion and extension
The surface of articular cartilage is
both slick and smooth
A ________ is a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe.
bunion
Structurally, the pubic symphysis is classified as a ________ articulation.
cartilaginous
Identify the incorrect pair.
chondrosis; freely moving joint
The joint between the forearm bones and the wrist is a ________ joint.
condylar
The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are
condylar joints
Which of the following ligaments assists in stabilization of the shoulder joint?
coracoacromial and coracoclavicular ligaments
Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints?
covered by a serous membrane
Which of the following is not a property of articular cartilage?
covered by perichondrium
The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the tibia and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the ________ ligaments.
cruciate
The movement of a body part downward is called
depression
A freely movable joint is a(n)
diarthrosis
A synovial joint is an example of a(n)
diarthrosis
A ________ occurs when articulating surfaces are forced out of position.
dislocation
All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints except
dorsiflexion
Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is
dorsiflexion
The movement of a body part upward is called
elevation
Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?
elevation
A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as
eversion
________ is a type of angular movement that increases the angle between articulating bones.
extension
A collagenous type of connective tissue that reinforces the synovial joint and is found outside the joint capsule is called the
extracapsular ligament
Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension?
extreme bending of the head backwards
The structures that assist the bursae in reducing friction between the patella and other tissues are the
fat pads
Usually found outside the capsule, ________ protect the articular cartilages and act as packing material for the joint.
fat pads
The posterior longitudinal ligament is
fibrous band that connects the posterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies.
Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to
fibrous cartilage
Curling into the "fetal position" ________ the intervertebral joints.
flexes
________ is a type of angular movement that decreases the angle between articulating bones.
flexion
Nodding your head "yes" is an example of
flexion and extension
Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in
flexion of forearm
The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the
foot
The joints between vertebrae are examples of ________ joints.
gliding
Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?
gliding
Dense fibrous connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to a(n)
gomphosis
The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a
gomphosis
Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints.
hinge
The ankle joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.
hinge
The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.
hinge
The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the
humero-ulnar joint
An extension past the anatomical position is known as
hyperextension
Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?
increases osmotic pressure within joint
A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, called
inversion
The movement of rotating a limb outward is called ________ rotation.
lateral
The three functions of synovial fluid are nutrient distribution, shock absorption, and
lubrication
The movement of rotating a limb toward the anterior surface of the body is called ________ rotation.
medial
________ subdivide synovial cavities, channel the flow of synovial fluid, and allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces.
menisci
In a triaxial articulation,
movement can occur in all three axes
The gelatinous core of an intervertebral disc is called the
nucleus pulposus
To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called
opposition
The ligament that encloses the ________ attaches to the tibial tuberosity.
patella
The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the ________ ligament.
patellar
The atlantoaxial joint is an example of a ________ joint.
pivot
Which of the following types of joints is monaxial, but capable of only rotation?
pivot
Identify the incorrect pair.
pivot joint; hip joint
Ankle extension is also called
plantar flexion
Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?
plantar flexion
The back of the knee joint is reinforced by ________ ligaments.
popliteal
You ________ your mandible when you grasp your upper lip with your lower teeth.
protract
The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to
reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements.
An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the
ribs with the sternum
The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a ________ joint.
saddle
The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the ________ joint.
shoulder
Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint?
shoulder
Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?
spreading the fingers
The movement of the forearm while twisting a doorknob is
supination and pronation
The intervertebral disc joint is called a
symphysis
Which of the following is not a type of synovial joint?
symphysis
A suture is an example of a(n)
synarthrosis
An immovable joint is a(n)
synarthrosis
A ligamentous connection such as an antebrachial interosseous membrane is called a
syndesmosis
An epiphyseal line is an example of a
synostosis
Which of the following is not considered an accessory synovial structure?
synovial membrane
Which one of the following is not a stabilizing factor of synovial joints?
synovial membrane
Complete dislocation of the knee is rare because
the knee contains seven major ligaments
The elbow joint is extremely stable because
the ulna and humerus interlock
The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the ________ ligament.
tibial collateral
Which of the following movements is a good example of supination?
turning the hand palm upward
The anterior longitudinal ligament is
wide fibrous band that connect the anterior surfaces of the adjacent vertebral bodies.