Abeka 7th Grade History, Chapter 21 Review

Selma Lagerlof

First woman and Swedish writer to receive the Nobel Prize for literature

Jean de La Fontaine

French author known for his fables

Peter Tchaikovsky

Russian musician influenced by western culture

Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Russian novelist who wrote Crime and Punishment

Leo Tolstoy

Russian novelist who wrote War and Peace

classic

a work of superior excellent that has stood the test of time; a work for all people of all ages

Gregorian chant

an unaccompanied line of melody with no harmony; most common form of music in the Roman church during the Middle Ages

Realism

concerned with the incidental and the momentary as opposed to classical art which deals with the universal and the typical

John Milton

wrote Paradise Lost, the greatest poem in the English language

woodcutting

making prints by engraving designs on wooden blocks

Miguel de Cervantes

most important author of all Spanish literature; wrote Don Quixote

Heinrich Schutz

most important composer before Bach; known for writing church music and a collection of madrigals

George Frederick Handel

musician who wrote the Messiah oratorio in 24 days

William Shakespeare

perhaps the greatest writer the world has ever known

Jean Sibeius

produced Finlandia

minstrels

professional musicians who wandered from town to town and castle to castle, singing ballads and poems recounting the deeds of national heroes

Rembrandt van Rijn

the greatest of the 17th-century Dutch masters

Martin Luther

the leader of the Protestant Reformation who was known for his hymns or chorales

Johann Sebastian Bach

the musician who believed that everything should be done "to the Glory of God" and who composed in almost all the musical forms of his day

Daniel Defoe

Puritan author who wrote Adventures of Robinson Crusoe

Isaac Watts

Father of the English Hymn

Albrecht Durer

began art in the Modern Age; his art included woodcuttings, paintings, and engravings such as The Prodigal Son and Hands of an Apostle (Praying Hands)

Neoclassicism

the belief that France should use classical Rome as a model

Alexander Pope

the greatest poet of the 18th century

popular works

works created for the pleasure of the moment rather than for the ages

Romanticism

characterized by a reaction against the balanced, orderly, Neoclassical style; the expression of emotion for its own sake; and the representation of exotic locations

Hans Christian Andersen

famous for children's fairy tales

John Bunyan

produced the world's most popular and beloved allegory, Pilgrim's Progress

Herman Melville

American author of Moby Dick

Frank Joseph Haydn

Austrian composer known for writing cheerful music for the church and for two notable oratorios, The Creation and The Seasons

Charles Dickens

English novelist who wrote Oliver Twist

Williams Wordsworth

English poet

Johann Schiller

German author who wrote William Tell

Matsuo Basho

Japanese poet; considered master of the haiku

Why have more classics been produced in the Modern Age than during any other time in history?

The Modern Age emphasized individual responsibility and achievement. Through the Northern Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation, man returned to the Bible and, through his new sense of responsibility, brought forth an outburst of individual creativity such as the world had never known. Works from ancient or medieval history are not as popular since many of these works are based on pagan beliefs and humanism.

oratorio

a sacred choral work often using a biblical text

Impressionism

attempted to show the ever-changing reality of a particular moment by emphasizing the minute details of the effect of changing light

Ludwig van Beethoven

deaf German composer who perfected the symphony and whose work brought the climax of modern music in the 19th century

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

the Austrian musician who was a child prodigy; the writer of piano concertos, sonatas, 40 to 50 symphonies, and several famous operas including The Magic Flute and The Marriage of Fiagaro

Monteverdi, Vivaldi, Corelli

three influential Italian musicians of the 17th century. Monteverdi created the opera form; Vivaldi developed instrumental music; Corelli founded the classical technique for violin playing.