ACHIEVE Chapter 15

Aaron, a man in his fifties suffering from depression, is considering trying deep brain stimulation to alleviate his symptoms. His review of the research, however, shows that there is a _____ percent chance that the treatment will not help at all.

30

The full psychological effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is not apparent until about _____ week(s) have passed.

4

Currently, 1 in _____ Americans receive some form of mental health treatment.

5

Who helped develop cognitive therapy?

Aaron Beck

_____ is a type of treatment that physically changes the brain's functioning.

Biomedical therapy

This medication was originally used to treat epilepsy and is also found effective in the control of manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

Depakote

In _____, the goal is to substitute a negative response for a positive response to a harmful stimulus.

avervise conditioning

antipsychotic drugs

block the action of neurotransmitter dopamine in order to reduce the major symptoms of schizophrenia

resistance

blocking anxiety-producing memories from reaching conscious awareness during a psychoanalysis session

Leigh is a diligent clinician. In order to provide her clients with the best therapy she can provide she keeps up to date on the latest psychotherapy research. She also takes into consideration her patients' values, characteristics, preferences, and circumstances. Finally, she is also mindful of her own expertise. Leigh is using which approach in clinical decision making?

evidence-based practice

Systematic desensitization is a form of:

exposure therapy

psychiatrist

medical doctor who treats psychological disorders; licensed to prescribe drugs

antidepressants increase the availability of

neurotransmitters, serotonin, and norepinephrine

Antidepressants work by increasing the availability of:

norepinephrine or serotonin

Delores has been in therapy for 2 years, but her last session is today. If asked next month how effective her psychotherapy was, she is likely to: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

overestimate its effectiveness

Bonnie has just finished a 2-year master's program and now is in postgraduate supervision that is preparing her to offer psychotherapy to people with everyday personal and family problems. Bonnie is MOST likely preparing to be a:

psychiatric social worker

The emotional bond between a mental health professional and a client is known as:

the therapeutic alliance

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This BEST illustrates an application of:

the token economy

clinical social worker

therapist with a 2-year degree in social work; offers therapy for relatively mild personal or family problems

counselor

therapist with some graduate school training, usually in psychology or education; treats relatively mild family or work problems

psychoanalysis

therapy that attempts to give clients self-insight by bringing unconscious feelings into awareness and interpreting them

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

transference

psychotherapy

treatment for psychological disorders, involving a conversation between the client and a trained therapist; goal is to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth

These are examples of how humanistic therapists differ from psychoanalytic therapists EXCEPT that humanistic therapists do not:

attempt to reduce growth-impeding inner conflicts by providing clients with insight.

antidepressant drugs

drugs that boost mood by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters serotonin or norepinephrine

Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with:

electroconvulsive therapy

behavior therapy

type of psychotherapy that focuses on eliminating unwanted behaviors by applying the principles of classical and operant conditioning

Sharif has mild depression. Recently he read that therapeutic lifestyle change research has shown that something as simple as frequent _____ can relieve symptoms.

walks in the woods

Before 1950, _____ were the primary providers of mental health care.

psychiatrists

The goal of cognitive therapy is:

to modify the way we think

A client developing an unhealthy dependence on their therapist similar to the relationship with their domineering parents is MOST likely demonstrating:

transference

Humanistic therapies began to take hold in reaction to what aspect of the psychodynamic approach?

an overly negative view

Although Justin's therapist attends to what he has to say without judgment, she also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification and then reflecting Justin's feelings. Justin's therapist is using a therapeutic technique known as:

active listening

To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

aversive conditioning

A research team combines the results of nearly two dozen studies examining the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in treating self-injurious behavior among clients with borderline personality disorder. The research team is conducting a:

meta-analysis

clinical psychologist

offers therapy for all types of mental and emotional problems, including the most serious disorders

Dr. Wagner works in a large hospital. She specializes in treating adolescents with eating disorders. She prescribes antidepressants and, occasionally, antianxiety medication for some of her patients. Based on this information, Dr. Wagner is a:

psychiatrist

free association

spontaneous reporting of all thoughts and feelings as they come to mind during a psychoanalysis session, as a way of revealing unconscious memories and anxieties

humanistic therapy

therapy that creates a supportive environment to help clients use their conscious thoughts to gain greater self-understanding, self-acceptance, and personal growth

cognitive therapies

therapy that helps clients learn new ways of thinking to replace distorted, negative beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts

interpretation

to help the patient in psychoanalysis gain insight, the analyst provides explanations of the patient's dreams, slips of the tongue, and other behaviors

_____ therapists aim to boost self-fulfillment by helping people grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Humanistic

_____ is the therapeutic technique developed by _____. The goal of this type of therapy is to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.

Psychoanalysis; Sigmund Freud

Although no more effective in controlling schizophrenia symptoms, many of the newer generation of antipsychotics, such as Risperdal and _____, have fewer side effects.

Zyprexa

psychoactive drugs

chemicals that influence brain activity, leading to changes in emotions or thinking

Humanistic therapists refer to those in therapy as:

clients

Ashley has a master's degree. Based on this information alone, Ashley cannot be a:

clinical psychologist

Yvonne works for a government agency where she treats those who have psychological disorders. In order to do this, she has a Psy.D. When she was younger, she also had a supervised internship and postdoctoral training. Yvonne is MOST likely a:

clinical psychologist.

Helping people identify and replace irrational or illogical beliefs is the cornerstone of _____ therapy.

cognitive

Sherry recognizes that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in nondepressed people. She is MOST likely a _____ therapist.

cognitive

Forms of biomedical therapy do NOT include:

cognitive therapy

Edith suffers from depression. She has been using antidepressants for years with little effect. She has resisted her therapist's recommendations of undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. More recently, though, her therapist has been mentioning a new procedure that calms the area of the brain normally overexcited in people who are depressed by exciting neurons. This procedure is known as:

deep brain stimulation

Helping people manage the tension between acceptance and change is at the heart of a newer type of therapy called _____ therapy.

dialectical behavior

therapeutic drugs

drugs that are used in the treatment of psychological disorders

Humanistic therapies are based on the idea that:

human nature is generally positive

what are the 3 parts of our unconscious personality

id, ego, superego

transference

in psychoanalysis, the patient's redirecting emotions from other relationships

The psychodynamic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as _____ therapies.

insight

If a person routinely takes antianxiety medication for an extended period of time, what is the MOST debilitating symptom likely experienced if the person stops taking the drug?

intense anxiety

Angelina is suffering from depression. Once a week, she sees a therapist and, with the therapist's help, she has begun to explore her past experiences and how they might have contributed to her depression. In addition, Angelina's therapist has Angelina begin to adopt new ways of thinking about the current events in her life. Angelina's therapist is MOST likely using which type of therapy?

psychotherapy

Clients may overvalue therapy because they:

put much effort into therapy

A psychoanalyst would use the term _____ to describe the tendency for some people to crack jokes when the conversation gets heavy.

resistance

During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments, or simply forgets important details. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

resistance

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is designed to be:

short-term

group therapy

therapy that treats clients in groups rather than individually, emphasizing social interactions and social relationships

The aim of Freud's therapy was to:

bring a patient's repressed feelings into conscious awareness

What therapeutic technique is characterized by questions such as, "what does that remind you of?"

free association

In order to consider the greatest range of factors that may contribute to the process of healing, a _____ approach to therapy may be MOST useful.

biopsychosocial

mood-stabilizing drugs

drugs that reduce the dramatic mood swings of bipolar disorder

In its introduction to biomedical therapy, the textbook describes therapeutic lifestyle change. Because therapeutic lifestyle change includes components aimed at improving the body's physical health, reducing negative thinking, and increasing meaningful social engagement, it BEST reflects a _____ approach to treating psychological disorders.

biopsychosocial

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is MOST representative of:

cognitive therapy

Dialectical behavior therapy is a recent variant of _____ therapy aimed at helping people modify harmful behaviors.

cognitive-behavioral

Nancy's therapist encourages her to think about her strengths, rather than her weaknesses, and to develop a habit of thanking others when they compliment her or provide emotional support. The therapist's approach BEST illustrates:

cognitive-behavioral therapy

antianxiety drugs

drugs that calm a person reduce stress and tension

Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. One type of treatment that might bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is:

electroconvulsive therapy

Unlike _____, which may cause seizures and memory loss, _____ has no side effects other than maybe a headache. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

electroconvulsive therapy; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

The three main features that humanistic therapists exhibit are genuineness, acceptance, and:

empathy