Adobe Visual Design Certification Review

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What happens to camera raw images when you edit them in Camera Raw?

A camera raw file contains unprocessed picture data from a digital camera's image sensor. Camera raw files give photographers control over interpreting the image data, rather than letting the camera make the adjustments and conversions. When you edit the image in Camera Raw, it preserves the original raw file data. This way, you can edit the image as you desire, export it, and keep the original intact for future use or other adjustments.

What is a clipping mask, and how do you make one from type?

A clipping mask is an object or group whose shape masks other artwork so that only areas that lie within the shape are visible. To convert the letters on any text layer to a clipping mask, select both the text layer and the layer you want to show through the letters, and then choose Create Clipping Mask from the Layers panel menu.

When you create a new layer, where does it appear in the Layers panel stack?

A new layer always appears immediately above the active layer.

What is a shape layer?

A shape layer is a vector layer that contains either a shape (including fill and stroke), pixels, or a path.

What best defines the term "anti-aliased?"

A slight smoothing effect at the edge.

How to you increase or decrease the saturation of a single color?

Add a hue/saturation adjustment layer. Change from "master" to the color you want to change the saturation of, and slide the saturation left to decrease and right to increase

Using the Hand Tool is the same as doing what?

Adjusting the scroll bars at the side and bottom of the image.

Which of the following are anti-aliasing options: sharp, crisp, strong, smooth, none.

All of them

What is a pixelized, or pixelated, image?

An image that appears rough because individual pixels are large enough to be visible to the eye.

If you set the Feather option to 6 pixels, how wide will the total feathered effect be?

12 pixels

Identify and briefly describe when you would use each of the following: .psd, .tif, .jpg, .dng, .psb

.Psd= to preserve photoshop features/ .Tif= used to exchange files between applications and computer platforms. .Jpg= used to display photographs. .Dng contains raw image data means. .Psb used to include Large Document Format.

What are three ways to convert a selected layer to a Smart Object?

1. Filter > Convert for Smart filters 2. Layer > Smart Objects > Convert to Smart Object 3. In the Layers panel, right click on the layer and choose "Convert to Smart Object"

Journalistic Code of Ethics

1. Journalists should be honest in gathering, reporting, and interpreting information 2. Journalists are accountable to their audience and colleagues 3. Journalists should present the news impartially and fairly, clearly representing various perspectives in a story 4. Journalists should treat sources, subjects, and colleagues with respect

Print: resolution

300 DPI

What does anti-aliasing mean?

Anti-aliasing smooths the jagged edges of a selection by softening the color transition between edge pixels and background pixels. Since only the edge pixels change, no detail is lost. Anti-aliasing is useful when cutting, copying, and pasting selections to create composite images. To use anti-aliasing, select a lasso tool, or the Elliptical Marquee or Magic Wand tool, and select Anti-alias in the options bar. To apply anti-aliasing, you must select the option before making the selection. Once a selection is made, you cannot add anti-aliasing to it.

For a layer to appear "in front" of all other layers in your file, where should it be listed (or stacked) in the Layers palette?

At the top of the list

When an image is sharpened, what happens to pixels to cause edges of objects to stand out more?

Darker pixels get darker and lighter pixels get lighter

What command found in the Image > Adjustments submenu removes color from an image, causing it to become grayscale?

Desaturate

Cutting Selected Pixels

During an image selection, and with the Elliptical Marquee tool (for example) selected in the Tools panel, press Ctrl (Windows) or Command (Mac OS), and move the pointer within the selection. The pointer icon now includes a pair of scissors to indicate that the selection will be cut from its current location.

What does feathering mean?

Feathering blurs edges by building a transition boundary between the selection and its surrounding pixels. This blurring can cause some loss of detail at the edge of the selection. You can define feathering for the marquee and lasso tools as you use them, or you can add feathering to an existing selection. To define a feathered edge for a selection tool, select any of the lasso or marquee tools. Enter a Feather value in the options bar. This value defines the width of the feathered edge and can range from 1 to 250 pixels. To define a feathered edge for an existing selection, choose Select > Modify > Feather. Enter a value for the Feather Radius, and click OK.

Place an image.

File>>Place (Choose image of chose)

How do you scale your image to fit the paper you are printing on?

File_print: scroll down and click "Scale to fit media"

How can the Pen tool be useful as a selection tool?

If you need to create an intricate selection, it can be easier to draw the path with the Pen tool and then convert the path to a selection.

Which of Photoshop's menus contains the color-correction tools?

Image > Adjustments

What is image optimization, and how do you optimize images for the web?

Image optimization is the process of choosing file format, resolution, and quality settings for an image to keep it small, useful, and visually appealing when published to the web. Continuous-tone images are typically optimized in JPEG format; solid-color images or those with repetitive color areas are typically optimized as GIF. To optimize images, choose File > Save For Web.

How do you expand just one side of a canvas?

Image_canvas size_click on the arrow on the opposite side you wish to expand and put in the new size

How is the Polygonal Lasso Tool different from the Lasso Tool?

It creates straight segments; the Lasso Tool does not.

What does the Burn Tool do to colors in an image?

It darkens colors within the brush area

What happens if you use the Eraser Tool on an unlocked layer?

It deletes pixels, leaving transparent areas

How does the Sponge Tool affect the colors in an image?

It desaturates or saturates colors within the brush area

How is the Clone Stamp Tool significantly different from the Patch Tool, Healing Brush Tool, and Spot Healing Brush Tool?

It does not blend pixels together

What is Camera Raw?

It is a raw file contain nothing more than the raw image data captured by your camera's sensor, with no processing of any kind.

Which file format does not save layers?

JPEG

When a new layer is created, where is it listed (or, stacked) in the Layers palette?

Just above the layer that was previously active

What setting on the Character palette controls the spacing between two characters?

Kerning

Which two are graphic design elements?

Line and Shape

Why does a low-resolution image not use as much file space as a high-resolution image?

Low-resolution images use fewer pixels.

When you save a selection as a mask, where is the mask stored?

Masks are saved in channels, which can be thought of as storage areas for color and selection information in an image.

Quick Selection Tool

One of the easiest ways to make a selection. You simply paint an area of an image, and the tool automatically finds the edges. You can add or subtract areas of the selection until you have exactly the area you want.

Zoom Tool Shortcut

Press Z to activate the zoom tool.

If you make a mistake while selecting with the Magnetic Lasso Tool, how do you back up without starting over?

Press [Backspace] while moving the mouse backward along the selection path.

How can you temporarily hide the Toolbox, palettes, and options bar?

Press [Tab].

Which key would you use to duplicate selected items?

Select Image>>Right Click>>Duplicate Or Use Quick Selection or Clone tool and copy image.

Print: best format to save in

TIFF because it is compression free "aka lossless"; other lossless formats are EPS and Adobe PSD

What is the advantage of the Adobe Digital Negative (DNG) file format?

The Adobe Digital Negative (DNG) file format contains the raw image data from a digital camera as well as metadata that defines what the image data means. DNG is an industry-wide standard for camera raw image data that helps photographers manage proprietary camera raw file formats and provides a compatible archival format.

The Eraser Tool's options bar is almost identical to what other tool's options bar?

The Brush Tool

What tool can you use to make a file's canvas size smaller?

The Crop Tool

Which tool can be used to select anchor points on a path?

The Direct Selection Tool

What tools can you use to remove blemishes in an image?

The Healing Brush, Spot Healing Brush, Patch tool, and Clone Stamp tools, as well as content-aware fill, let you replace unwanted portions of an image with other areas of the image. The Clone Stamp tool copies the source area exactly; the Healing Brush and Spot Healing Brush tools blend the area with the surrounding pixels. The Spot Healing Brush tool doesn't require a source area at all; it "heals" areas to match the surrounding pixels. The Patch tool in Content-Aware mode, and content-aware fill replace a selection with content that matches the surrounding area.

What tool restores an image to its last saved condition or a state/snapshot selected in the History palette?

The History Brush Tool

What is the main difference between the Pencil Tool and the Brush Tool?

The Pencil Tool creates only hard-edged brush strokes

What does the Quick Selection tool do?

The Quick Selection tool expands outward from where you click to automatically find and follow defined edges in the image.

What does the tolerance option do to the Magic Wand tool?

The Tolerance option sets the sensitivity of the Magic Wand tool. This value limits or extends the range of pixel similarity. The default tolerance value of 32 selects the color you click plus 32 lighter and 32 darker tones of that color. You may need to adjust the tolerance level up or down depending on the color ranges and variations in the image.

What menu shows a list of all of Photoshop's palettes?

The Window menu.

Color gamut

The entire range of colors available on a particular device such as a monitor or printer. A monitor, which displays RGB signals, typically has a greater color range than a printer, which uses CMYK inks.

What does resolution mean?

The term resolution refers to the number of pixels that describe an image and establish its detail. Image resolution and monitor resolution are measured in pixels per inch (ppi). Printer, or output, resolution is measured in ink dots per inch (dpi).

How are the Clone Stamp Tool and Healing Brush Tool similar?

They both require a source point to be selected before the tool can be used

How do you add to and subtract from a selection?

To add to a selection, click the Add To Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to add. To subtract from a selection, click the Subtract From Selection button in the options bar, and then click the area you want to subtract. You can also add to a selection by pressing Shift as you drag or click; to subtract, press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) as you drag or click.

How can you adjust the tone and color of an image in Photoshop?

To adjust the tone and color of an image in Photoshop, first use the White Point tool in a Curves adjustment layer. Then refine the tone using a Levels adjustment layer.

How can you apply a layer style?

To apply a layer style, select the layer, and then click the Add A Layer Style button(fx) in the Layers panel, or choose Layer > Layer Style > [style].

How can you make a perfect circle or square?

To create a perfect circle, press Shift as you drag. Hold down Shift while dragging the Rectangular Marquee tool to select a perfect square.

What does the Refine Edge option do?

To use the Refine Edge option, first make a selection, and then click Refine Edge in the options bar to open its dialog box. You can use the Refine Edge option to smooth the outline, feather it, or contract or expand it.

Erase a given section of an image

Use eraser tool

How do you move an active layer one pixel at a time?

Use the arrow keys.

What is the fastest way to change the brush size as you use a painting tool?

Use the bracket keys

How do you remove red eye from an image?

Use the red eye tool this is on the same button as the healing brush tools (click and hold to switch). Drag a box around the eye.

What happens when making selections with the Spacebar?

Use the spacebar as needed to reposition your selections. By holding down the mouse button, press the spacebar and continue to drag the selection. Instead of resizing the selection, now you're moving it.

Auto Enhance

When Auto Enhance is selected, the Quick Selection tool creates better quality selections, with edges that are truer to the object. The selection process is a little slower than using the Quick Selection tool without Auto Enhance, but the results are superior.

How do you deliberately deselect a selection?

You can choose Select > Deselect, press Ctrl+D (Windows) or Command+D (Mac OS), or click outside the selection with any selection tool to start a different selection.

How to hide the edges of a selection temporarily?

You can hide the edges of a selection temporarily without actually deselecting, and then display the selection border once you've completed the adjustments. Choose View > Show > Selection Edges or View > Extras. You can also press Command+H or Control+H Either command hides the selection border around the plate of shells.

How can you make artwork on one layer appear in front of artwork on another layer?

You can make artwork on one layer appear in front of artwork on another layer by dragging layers up or down the stacking order in the Layers panel, or by using the Layer > Arrange subcommands—Bring To Front, Bring Forward, Send To Back, and Send Backward. However, you can't change the layer position of a background layer.

What happens with a selection when using the arrow keys?

You can make minor adjustments to the position of selected pixels by using the arrow keys. You can nudge the selection in increments of either one pixel or ten pixels. When you hold down the Shift key, the selection moves ten pixels every time you press an arrow key.

How can you edit a mask in a channel once you've saved it?

You can paint on a mask in a channel using black, white, and shades of gray.

Fit on Screen Shortcut

You can see all of the objects in the image window by pressing Command+0 or Crtl+0. You can also double-click the hand tool icon.

What three things can you do with the Crop tool?

You can use the Crop tool to trim, scale, or straighten an image.

Magnetic Lasso Tool

You can use the Magnetic Lasso tool to make freehand selections of areas with high-contrast edges. When you draw with the Magnetic Lasso tool, the selection border automatically snaps to the edge between areas of contrast. You can also control the selection path by occasionally clicking the mouse to place anchor points in the selection border.

What tools can you use to move and resize paths and shapes?

You use the Path Selection tool and the Direct Selection tool to move, resize, and edit shapes. You can also modify and scale a shape or path by choosing Edit > Free Transform Path.

Pressing what key allows you to select more than one layer in the layers palette?

[Ctrl].

If you are using another tool, what keyboard shortcut enables you to temporarily use the Hand Tool?

[Spacebar].

GIF

a common file type when creating websites

TGA

a common file type when exporting from 3D application

emphasis

a design principle in which certain elements in a design stand out more than others.

rhythm

a design principle that connects elements in a design and guides a viewers eye from one element to the next.

unity

a design principle that pulls together all the individual elements, making the design look like a single unit.

sans serif font

a font that does not have any small decorative lines added as embellishment to the basic form of a character. Considered easier to read when displayed on a screen.

sans serif font

a font without decorative embellishments that communicates stability and trustworthiness

DPI

amount of pixels per inch

Balance

asymmetrical composition is used to arrange objects that are very different to achieve an overall balance in a design layout

How to adjust the blend mode of a layer

at the upper left of the layers window, click and change from normal to any other blend mode (screen, multiply, overlay, etc.)

How to adjust opacity of a layer

at the upper right of the layers window, click and drag the opacity slider or click and enter a number

radial balance

balance in which all the elements radiate out from a center point.

asymmetrical (informal) balance

balance in which elements are NOT distributed equally on both sides of an imaginary axis, but carry the same visual weight. More difficult to achieve and more visually interesting.

symmetrical (formal) balance

balance in which elements are distributed equally on both sides of an imaginary axis dividing a layout in half vertically, horizontally, or diagonally. This can be boring.

Derivative works

based on another work where only the changes are protected.

Line

can be straight or curved

Audience Feedback

can only be delivered after project is complete

How to change font and size

click on the WORD window at the top, click on character to bring up settings that can be changed including leading, color, tracking, bold, all caps, etc.)

complimentary colors

colors opposite each other on the color wheel that create the most contrast

Intellectual property

consists of anything an individual has written or created (music, text, pictures, photographs, sounds, etc.)

What is a camera raw file and what is the advantage of using a camera raw file?

contains unprocessed picture data from a digital camera's image sensor but the advantage is the camera can interpret data to make adjustments.

Visual Hierarchy

create an organized system for comprehension and to emphasize certain information

Movement

curved or spiral lines can be used to indicate the movement or direction of an object in design, which can create an illusion of motion or lead the eye to the elements of an image

Developing a plan

define, design, build, test

space

design element that concerns the area in which the design will take place, includes the background, foreground and middle ground, and refers to the distances or area(s) around, between, and within things.

texture

design element that describes the surface quality of a shape - rough, smooth, soft hard glossy etc. This can be physical (tactile) or visual.

shape

design element that is a two or more dimensional area that stands out from the space next to or around it due to a defined or implied boundary, or because of differences of value, color, or texture.

balance

design principle in which the weight of elements is distributed in a visually appealing way.

Shape

element of design related to height and width

Resampling

estimates pixels to give an image a larger resolution when resizing

Developing a plan: Define

goals, target audience, resources allocation, task owners

Project review

happens after the completion, not at the beginning

megapixels

higher MP would make the overall image larger, but would not make the pic crisp without optical zoom

Kerning

horizontal space between two letters

Color

hue is another word for color; chroma is the intensity or purity of color; tint is a color mixed with white; tone is a color mixed with gray; shade is a color mixed with black

What is a common way to change the resolution of an image?

image menu-image size

What happens to the layer style already on a layer when you copy and paste a new style on to the layer?

it replaces the old

characteristics that add visual "weight" to an element

larger size, more texture, darker hue, distance from center, position at top or right, graphic image rather than text, regular shape, isolation

How to add a contoured bevel to layer

layer style (fx button at bottom of layers window)-Bevel & Emboss, click contour, adjust settings

Design elements

line, shape, color, texture

Movement

lines, curves, and shapes

Baseline Shift

lowest point of most letters (except those that go below it such as "y" and "g")

Raster graphic

made of bitmapped pixels

Vector graphic

made of vectors, aka paths, drawings made up of smooth lines that retain their crispness when scaled

Optical zoom

magnifies image by increasing focal length giving the illusion of moving closer to the subject, crucial for subjects far away

Ways to add emphasis to a visual element

make it larger, make it a different shape, make it a different color, orient it in a different directions (horizontal or vertical)

"Nondestructive Editing"

making edits to the photo without changing the original image

line

marks that span a distance between two points (or the path of a moving point). Can be made with a pen or brush or the edge created when two shapes meet.

Developing a plan: Test

may have to review and redesign; must meet initial focus, purpose, and audience

Font sizing

measured in points - 72 points to an inch

JPG

most common file type for photorealistic images

Design Principles

movement, emphasis, unity, balance

Unwanted specks of color in an image that are caused by fast film (graininess) or high ISO settings on a digital camera are called ______.

noise

Which camera feature is crucial to taking an image of an eagle from 150 yards away?

optical zoom

Tracking

overall horizontal space between all letters

Web: measurement

pixels

smart objects

preserve an image's source content with all its original characteristics, enabling you to perform nondestructive editing to the layer.

"Save for Web" option in photoshop

preview JPEGs with different compression settings before you save them

Unity

principle of using similar elements and/or elements that work together to make a coherent design

Copyright

protection for intellectual property

Typography Principles

readability (legibility), font family, font size, and line, word & line spacing

Project management: Core project management tools

record of expenses and time, accurate notes of requirements and discussions, cost benefit analysis

The Patch Tool

retouching tool that lets you select an undamaged part of your image and drag the selected area on top of a blemish

How to export a layer

right click and go to "export as"

Web: color space

screens typically use RGB color space

How to flatten layers

select multiple layers in the layers window, right click, flatten image

Developing a plan: Design

sketches, specifications and scope

Balance

symmetrical or asymmetrical

Close-ups

take close up pictures to capture details and highlight specific objects

Angle of View

take pictures from the subjects eye level to capture it realistically, or change the angle to alter the point of view

High Dynamic Range (HDR) Imaging

take several pictures at different exposure settings; these images can be combined late to achieve the artistic HDR effect

Title-safe area

text within the title-safe area guarantees view ability; if it's not in the title-safe area it may cause problems

Resolution

the fineness of detail in a bitmap image and is measured in pixels per inch (ppi)

Emphasis

the focal point is the most emphasized element of an image or layout

Value(also called tone)

the lightness or darkness of a color

Rasterize

the process of assigning pixels to a vector path or image

size

the relationship of the area occupied by one shape to that of another.

Fair use

the right to use copyrighted material for education, research, criticism, or news reporting; requires you to give credit to the author or creator

tracking?

the space between letters

leading?

the space between the lines

kerning?

the space between two adjacent letters.

What is demographic data used to identify in the design process?

the target audience

Alignment

using typography to create relationships between similar kinds of information. Can be right, left, centered or justified

Leading (pronounced ledding)

vertical space between two lines of text; can affect readability

File types

will be determined as the project moves foward

Page layout

will be determined by the designer and approved by the client

font

within a typeface, a set of characters with a specific style and size

Public domain

works with copyrights that are expired or abandoned

Copying selections: Copy

"Copy" copies the selected area on the active layer.

Rules of Copyright

1. You cannot use copyrighted material without written permission from the creator of the material (or from its copyright holder) 2. You must assume that all material from another source is protected 3. Journalistic Code of Ethics

Web: default resolution

72 DPI

What is a gamut?

A gamut is the range of colors that can be reproduced by a color model or device. For example, the RGB and CMYK color models have different gamuts, as do any two RGB scanners.

What is an out-of-gamut color?

A particular shade of color that cannot be produced using CMYK inks.

serif

A small decorative line added as embellishment to the basic form of a character

What kind of graphic is not made up of individual pixels?

A vector graphic

At what resolution should an image be scanned if it is going to be restored or retouched?

At least 300 spi

What is the difference between a bitmap image and a vector graphic?

Bitmap, or raster, images are based on a grid of pixels and are appropriate for continuous-tone images such as photographs or artwork created in painting programs. Vector graphics are made up of shapes based on mathematical expressions and are appropriate for illustrations, type, and drawings that require clear, smooth lines.

Print: color space

CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, black) color space

Digital cameras and scanners are used to ______ images.

Capture

How do channels differ from layers?

Channels are used as storage areas for saved selections. Unless you explicitly display a channel, it does not appear in the image or print. Layers can be used to isolate various parts of an image so that they can be edited as discrete objects with the painting or editing tools or other effects.

Leading, tracking, and kerning are all located in which panel?

Characters Panel

After selecting part of an image, what command transforms the selected area into a brush tip?

Choose Edit > Define Brush Preset....

Which procedure resets Photoshop's work area to its default condition?

Choose Window > Workspace >Essentials(Defaul

How do you convert an image to a different mode?

Choose another mode from the Image > Mode submenu.

How do you select tools in Photoshop?

Click a tool in the Tools panel, or press the tool's keyboard shortcut. A selected tool remains active until you select a different tool. To select a hidden tool, either use a keyboard shortcut to toggle through the tools, or hold down the mouse button on the tool in the Tools panel to open a pop-up menu of the hidden tools.

How to change brush settings

Click on the WORD window at the top, click on brush. This brings up the brush settings that can be changed.

What is the quickest way to reset Photoshop's foreground and background colors to black and white?

Click the the letter "D" button on key board.

Which factors should most influence design choices when working on a project for a client?

Client Goals Target Audience

Copying selections: Copy Merged

Copy Merged creates a merged copy of all the visible layers in the selected area.

How do you unlock a background layer?

Double-click on it and rename it

Use of copyrighted material for education, research, criticism, or news reporting.

Fair Use

What menu command opens Bridge?

File > Browse....

How to save a custom document preset

File-new-make changes and click save preset

What does the Image Size dialog box's Constrain Proportions option do?

Forces the image to keep its original proportions.

How do you load a selection?

Go to "select" top menu, and click "load selection"

How do you add a vertical or horizontal guide?

Go to "view" top menu, click on "new guide," select vertical or horizontal, and input the position

How to lock guides

Go to the WORD "View" at the top and click on "lock guides"

How to turn on snapping

Go to the WORD "View" at the top and click on "snap." If a check mark is next to snap, then snapping is active.

How do you keep a custom shape in proportion as you draw it?

Hold down [Shift]

How do you duplicate a selection?

Hold in alt, click and drag

alignment

How a line of text or a paragraph is positioned in a column: flush left, flush right, centered, or justified

How are the type mask tools different from the other two type tools?

Instead of creating text, they create selections that look like text

What is a Smart Object?

It allows a user to alter, transform, and warp without ruining the original information.

What is Photoshop's Canvas Size command used for?

It is used to add or remove drawing space from the image

What does the Dodge Tool do to colors in an image?

It lightens colors within the brush area

What is the advantage of using layers?

Layers let you move and edit different parts of an image as discrete objects. You can also hide individual layers as you work on other layers.

How do you add vertical text?

Left click the text tool and hold in. Vertical text tool is underneath. Click on canvas and type.

Elliptical Marquee tool

Lets you select ovals or perfect circles.

One often-used command is Select > Inverse. What does the term "inverse" mean?

Opposite of.

Copying selections: Paste

Paste pastes a cut or copied selection into another part of the image or into another image as a new layer.

Lasso Tool Shortcut

Press L

You are working on a project with a client. Put the following steps in order from start to finish: costs, sketches, project review, audience feedback, project specification and scope

Project Specifications Sketches Costs Project Review Audience Feedback

Works where the copyright is expired or abandoned.

Public Domain

Digital negatives

RAW original photo files containing all the information from the sensor

color mode that enables the greatest number of photoshop features?

RGB

Video: color space

RGB is the color mode

In PS, text is a vector/bitmap until you ................................ it.

Rasterize

How do you correct red eye in Photoshop?

Red eye occurs when the retinas of a subject's eyes are reflected by the camera flash. To correct red eye in Adobe Photoshop, zoom in to the subject's eyes, select the Red Eye tool, and then click the red eyes.

Which three are principles of design? (Choose three)

Repetition is the recurrence of an element in a piece without any changes. White Space or negative space, is the unmarked area between elements in a layout. Unity refers to a sense that everything in the drawing belongs there and makes it a whole

What word is used to describe "how intense or vivid a particular color appears?"

Saturation

What menu command lets you create a feathered selection from an existing selection?

Select > Feather....

The History palette records each action you perform in Photoshop. What are these actions called?

States

How does the Magic Wand tool determine which areas of an image to select? What is tolerance, and how does it affect a selection?

The Magic Wand tool selects adjacent pixels based on their similarity in color. The Tolerance value determines how many color tones the Magic Wand tool will select. The higher the tolerance setting, the more tones are selected.

What type of selections is the Magic Wand tool most useful for?

The Magic Wand tool selects all the pixels of a particular color or color range. It's most useful for selecting an area of similar colors surrounded by areas of very different colors. If a multicolored area that you want to select is set against a background of a different color, it can be much easier to select the background than the area itself.

In Photoshop, the term "default" refers to?

The Photoshop settings set when the program was installed.

If an image has a red color cast, shifting image colors toward what color will help correct it?

The color that is 180° from red on the color wheel

Lasso Tool

The lasso tool makes freehand selections.

Polygonal Lasso Tool

The polygonal lasso too makes straight-edge selections.

What happens if you drag the symbol in the center of a bounding box?

The rotation reference point changes.

What does the term "rasterize" mean?

To convert vector graphics into pixel-based graphics

When drawing a selection with the Lasso tool, how should you finish drawing the selection to ensure it's the shape you want?

To make sure that the selection is the shape you want when you use the Lasso tool, end the selection by dragging across the starting point of the selection. If you start and stop the selection at different points, Photoshop draws a straight line between the start point of the selection and the end point of the selection.

Which is the primary function of Adobe Bridge?

To manage, open, and view files

When you've completed your artwork, what can you do to minimize the file size without changing the quality or dimensions?

To minimize file size, you can flatten the image, which merges all the layers onto a single background. It's a good idea to duplicate image files with layers intact before you flatten them, in case you have to make changes to a layer later.

What is the purpose of anti-aliasing?

To smooth out edges in type

What does the word "crop" mean?

Trim away part of an image.

What does it mean to "flip" an image?

Turn it over and look at it from the other side.

What is the difference between bitmap and vector images?

Vector graphics are made up of lines and curves defined by mathematical objects unlike bitmaps which are rasterized and are known as grid dots.

Create your own workspace.

Window>>Workspace>>New Workspace

How to straighten and crop

activate crop tool by clicking on it, click the straighten option at the top center, then click and drag a line that represents what should be horizontally level.

white (negative) space

areas in which text or graphics do not appear and act as design elements to guide the eye or draw attention.

How do you automatically fix a color cast in a image?

click on image top menu, then click on "auto color"

analogous colors

colors next to each other on the color wheel (RGB example: red and orange)

Digital zoom

enlarges a portion of the image using the sensor, simulating optical zoom but generates a pixelated image if blown up

What are three image criteria that must be checked before uploading to the web?

file size, dimensions, optimization

Focal point

gives emphasis

Rule of Thirds

offset your picture to help focus the viewers eyes on the subject

PSD

photoshop document

PSB

photoshop's large document format that supports images larger than 30,000 x 30,000 pixels

Overscan

process used by most consumer tv sets that cuts off a portion of the outer edges of the picture, allowing the center of the picture to be enlarged; can preview with file>export>render video

Dynamic Range

ratio of dark to bright regions

Which two must be identified when developing a Photoshop Project plan?

resource allocation & task owners

Healing Brush Tool

retouching tool that requires you to sample another area of the image by choosing a source point

How to group layers

select multiple layers in the layers window, right click, group from layers OR drag to folder at bottom of layers window.

Pixels

small squares that are picture elements

Types of Balance

symmetry (horizontal, vertical, diagonal), asymmetry, radial

What could cause a problem with text in a video?

text outside the title-safe area

Vectorize

this is the process of converting a raster graphic to a vector graphic

Content-Aware Move tool

used to select and move a part of a picture. The image is recomposed, and the hole left behind is filled using matching elements from the picture.

Unity

using similar elements and/or elements that work together to create a coherent design.

Complete the sentence. Camera Raw provides extensive controls for adjusting ...................

white balance, exposure, contrast, sharpness, and tone curves.

How do you switch between Lasso & Polygonal Lasso tools?

Select the Lasso tool. Drag around the image tracing the shape as accurately as possible. Do not release the mouse button. Press the Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) key, and then release the mouse button so that the lasso pointer changes to the polygonal lasso shape. Do not release the Alt or Option key. Begin clicking along the image to place anchor points, following the contours of the shape. Be sure to hold down the Alt or Option key throughout this process. Hold down the mouse button as you release the Alt or Option key. The pointer again appears as the lasso icon. Click the starting point of the selection, and then release Alt or Option. The image is now entirely selected.