Adult 1 Test 2 Review Questions

Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with hypokalemia. Which actions would the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the potassium? Select all that apply. 1. Obtain an intravenous (IV) infusion pump. 2. Monitor urine output during administration. 3. Prepare the medication for bolus administration. 4. Monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis. 5. Ensure that the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume of fluid. 6. Ensure that the bag is labeled so that it reads the volume of potassium in the solution.

1,2,4,5,6

The nurse is caring for a client who underwent an open reduction internal fixation to the right hip. When administering opioid analgesics for pain, the nurse would instruct the client that which are side and adverse effects of opioid analgesics? Select all that apply. 1. sedation 2. diarrhea 3. constipation 4. increased pain level 5. respiratory depression

1,3,5

The nurse is monitoring a client for adverse effects of medications. Which findings are characteristic of adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide? Select all that apply. 1. Sulfa allergy 2. Osteoporosis 3. Hypokalemia 4. Hypouricemia 5. Hyperglycemia 6. Hypercalcemia

1,3,5,6

The nurse is giving medication instructions to a client who has been prescribed acetylsalicylic acid. Which client statement indicates that education was effective? 1. "I may develop heartburn." 2. "I need to monitor for muscle aches." 3. "I may experience burning on urination." 4. "I need to take measures to prevent constipation."

1. "I may develop heartburn."

The nurse has given instructions for taking codeine sulfate to a client with a severe headache. Which statement by the client indicates the teaching has been effective? 1. "I need to increase fluid intake." 2. "I would maintain a low-fiber diet." 3. "I need to avoid all exercise to prevent light-headedness." 4. "I would avoid the use of stool softeners to prevent diarrhea."

1. "I need to increase fluid intake."

A client with muscle aches and a diagnosis of rheumatism has been given a prescription for capsaicin topical cream. The nurse determines that the client understands the use of the medication if the client makes which statement? 1. "The medication will act as a local analgesic." 2. "The medication acts by decreasing muscle spasms." 3. "The medication will cause redness, flaking, and the skin to peel." 4. "A heating pad would be put on the area after applying the medication."

1. "The medication will act as a local analgesic."

The client arrives at the emergency department, complaining of back spasms. The client states, "I have been taking 2 to 3 aspirin every 4 hours for the last week, and it hasn't helped my back." Since acetylsalicylic acid intoxication is suspected, the nurse would assess the client for which manifestation? 1. Tinnitus 2. Diarrhea 3. Constipation 4. Photosensitivity

1. Tinnitus

The nurse provides instructions to a client with hypertension about newly prescribed furosemide. Which information would the nurse use to provide instructions in this teaching session? 1. The medication acts on the distal tubule of the nephron. 2. The medication acts on the loop of Henle in the nephron. 3. The collecting duct of the nephron will be affected by this medication. 4. The site of action for furosemide is the proximal tubule of the nephron.

2. The medication acts on the loop of Henle in the nephron.

The nurse administered intravenous bumetanide to a client being treated for heart failure. Which outcome indicates that the medication has achieved the expected effect? 1. Cough becomes productive of frothy pink sputum. 2. Urine output increases from 10 mL/hr to greater than 50 mL hourly. 3. The serum potassium level changes from 3.8 to 3.1 mEq/L (3.8 to 3.1 mmol/L). 4. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) factor increases from 200 to 262 ng/mL (200 to 262 mcg/L).

2. Urine output increases from 10 mL/hr to greater than 50 mL hourly.

A home health nurse visits a client who suffered a back injury. On reviewing the primary health care provider's prescriptions, the nurse notes that codeine sulfate has been prescribed for the client, and the nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates an understanding of health measures related to the medication? 1. "The medication is not addicting." 2. "I would watch out for diarrhea as a side effect." 3. "I need increase my fluid intake while taking this medication." 4. "I need to be sure to eat foods that are low in fiber to prevent diarrhea."

3. "I need increase my fluid intake while taking this medication."

A new registered nurse (RN) prepares to administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client. Before administering the medication, the nurse reviews the action of the medication with another RN. Which statement by the new RN indicates that the teaching has been effective? 1. "Bicarbonate is exchanged for primarily sodium ions." 2. "Potassium ions are exchanged for primarily sodium ions." 3. "Sodium ions are exchanged for primarily potassium ions." 4."Sodium ions are exchanged for primarily bicarbonate ions."

3. "Sodium ions are exchanged for primarily potassium ions."

The nurse is evaluating the serum acetylsalicylic acid results for a client receiving acetylsalicylic acid for rheumatoid arthritis. Which noted result is indicative that the client is within the range for the medication's antiarthritic effect? 1. 10 mg/dL (0.72 mmol/L) 2. 18 mg/dL (1.31 mmol/L) 3. 26 mg/dL (1.88 mmol/L) 4. 38 mg/dL (2.75 mmol/L)

3. 26 mg/dL (1.88 mmol/L)

A client was just admitted to the hospital to rule out a gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The client has brought several bottles of medications prescribed by different specialists. During the admission assessment, the client states, "Lately, I have been hearing some roaring sounds in my ears, especially when I am alone." Which medication would the nurse identify as the cause of the client's complaint? 1. Doxycycline 2. Atropine sulfate 3. Acetylsalicyclic acid 4. Diltiazem hydrochloride

3. Acetylsalicyclic acid

The nurse is preparing to give a postcraniotomy client medication for incisional pain. The family asks the nurse why the client is receiving codeine sulfate and not "something stronger." In formulating a response, the nurse incorporates which information about codeine sulfate? 1. It is one of the strongest opioid analgesics available. 2. It cannot lead to physical or psychological dependence. 3. It does not alter respirations or mask neurological signs as do other opioids. 4. It does not cause gastrointestinal (GI) upset or constipation as do other opioids.

3. It does not alter respirations or mask neurological signs as do other opioids.

A client reports frequent use of acetaminophen for relief of headaches and other discomforts. The nurse would evaluate which diagnostic data to determine whether the client is at risk for toxicity? 1. Chest x-ray 2. Electrocardiogram 3. Liver function studies 4. Upper gastrointestinal x-ray results

3. Liver function studies

The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who was prescribed furosemide. The nurse would monitor the client for damage of which kidney structure? 1. Pelvis 2. Calyx 3. Nephron 4. Renal artery

3. Nephron

The nurse is caring for a client receiving codeine sulfate for pain. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing a side or adverse effect of the medication based on which finding? 1. Distended jugular veins 2. Bounding peripheral pulses 3. No bowel movement in 3 days 4. Change in blood pressure from 120/60 mm Hg to 140/80 mm Hg

3. No bowel movement in 3 days

The nurse is planning to administer furosemide 40 mg by intravenous push (IVP) through an existing intravenous (IV) line. To deliver this medication safely, the nurse would perform which action? 1. Give the medication rapidly over 10 seconds. 2. Give the medication slowly, diluted in 100 mL of 5% dextrose in water. 3. Pinch the IV tubing above the injection port, and inject slowly over 1 to 2 minutes. 4. Pinch the IV tubing below the injection port, and inject slowly over 1 to 2 minutes.

3. Pinch the IV tubing above the injection port, and inject slowly over 1 to 2 minutes.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been taking hydrocodone for the last 3 months. For which side and adverse effects of this medication would the nurse assess the client? 1. Tachycardia and hypertension 2. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping 3. Psychological and physical dependence 4. Increased respiratory rate and bronchospasm

3. Psychological and physical dependence

A client with cancer is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of morphine sulfate. The nurse monitoring the client for adverse effects would become most concerned about which vital sign? 1. Temperature of 99.1° F (37.3° C) 2. Blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg 3. Respirations of 10 breaths/minute 4. Apical heart rate of 90 beats/minute

3. Respirations of 10 breaths/minute

A film-coated form of diflunisal, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, has been prescribed for a client to treat chronic rheumatoid arthritis. The client calls the clinic nurse because of difficulty swallowing the tablets. Which instruction would the nurse provide to the client? 1. Crush the tablets and mix with food. 2. Open the tablet and mix the contents with food. 3. Swallow the tablets with large amounts of water or milk. 4. Notify the primary health care provider for a medication change.

3. Swallow the tablets with large amounts of water or milk.

The nurse has administered a dose of meperidine hydrochloride to a client with renal calculi as treatment for pain. The nurse carefully monitors this client for which side and adverse effect of this medication? 1. Bradycardia 2. Hypertension 3. Urinary retention 4. Increased respirations

3. Urinary retention

A client is admitted to the hospital, and the nurse notes that the client is taking acetylsalicylic acid to treat a chronic rheumatoid disorder. The nurse would monitor the client for which sign or symptom that indicates a toxic effect of the medication? 1. Jaundice 2. Peripheral edema 3. ringing in the ears 4. Bilateral lung crackles

3. ringing in the ears

The home care nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of unstable angina. The client is taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on a daily basis to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Which medication dose would the nurse expect the client to be taking? 1. 3 g daily 2. 1.3 g daily 3. 650 to 700 mg daily 4. 300 to 325 mg daily

4. 300 to 325 mg daily

The nurse is reviewing the assessment findings for a client who has been taking spironolactone for treatment of hypertension. Which, if noted in the client's record, would indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse effect related to the medication? 1. Client complaint of dry skin 2. Client complaint of constipation 3. A potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L (3.5 mmol/L) 4. A potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L (5.8 mmol/L)

4. A potassium level of 5.8 mEq/L (5.8 mmol/L)

A client with trigeminal neuralgia tells the nurse that acetaminophen is taken daily for the relief of generalized discomfort. Which laboratory value would indicate toxicity associated with the medication? 1. Sodium level of 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L) 2. Platelet count of 400,000 mm3 (400 × 109/L) 3. Prothrombin time of 12 seconds (12 seconds) 4. Direct bilirubin level of 2 mg/dL (34 mcmol/L)

4. Direct bilirubin level of 2 mg/dL (34 mcmol/L)

The nurse is caring for a client receiving morphine sulfate for pain. Because this medication has been prescribed for the client, which nursing action would be included in the plan of care? 1. Encourage fluids. 2. Monitor the client's temperature. 3. Maintain the client in a supine position. 4. Encourage the client to cough and deep-breathe.

4. Encourage the client to cough and deep-breathe.

The nurse notes that a client taking ergotamine tartrate is having the intended effects of therapy if the client states relief from which symptom? 1. Cough 2. Diarrhea 3. Backache 4. Headaches

4. Headaches

The nurse is administering a dose of triamterene to a client with heart failure. What is the mostsignificant adverse effect of this medication for which the client would be monitored? 1.Edema 2.Bradycardia 3. Hypertension 4. Hyperkalemia

4. Hyperkalemia

The nurse would question a prescription for which medication in the client concurrently receiving tramadol? 1. Beta blockers 2. Histamine H2 antagonists 3. Calcium channel blockers 4. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

4. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

The nurse is collecting data from a client and notes that the client is taking acetylsalicylic acid 5 g daily in divided doses. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to treat which condition? 1. Backache 2. Muscle aches 3. Frequent headaches 4. Rheumatoid arthritis

4. Rheumatoid arthritis

A client with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is taking sulindac. The primary health care provider prescribes misoprostol for the client. The nurse explains that this medication has been prescribed for which purpose? 1. To enhance the effects of the sulindac 2. To prepare the client for weaning off the sulindac 3. To prevent further development of arthritic nodules 4. To prevent gastric complications such as ulcer disease

4. To prevent gastric complications such as ulcer disease

Diclofenac is prescribed for a client with osteoarthritis. Which medication, if noted on the client's record, would alert the nurse to consult with the primary health care provider (PHCP)? 1. Phenytoin 2. Primidone 3. Acetaminophen 4. Warfarin sodium

4. Warfarin sodium