Alcohol, drugs, and human behavior- study guide exam 2

Inhalants are categorized as stimulants or uppers.

False

Psychoactive drugs promote homeostatic conditions in the central nervous system.

False

Which of the following are physical reactions to stimulant use? #1. Tachycardia #2. weight loss #3. blood vessel constriction #4. elevated blood pressure

Reactions 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the following statements Are true regarding technology, gaming, and gambling? #1. Rapid play poker machine have increase the number of problems and pathological gamblers. #2. Online gambling has resulted in an increase number of problems and pathological gamblers. #3. There is no evidence that technology has led to an increase in the number of people with gambling or gaming addiction's. #4. Electronica media is a breeding ground for new addictions, such as Internet, video games, texting, and multiplayer games.

Statements 1, 2, and 4 only

Drugs work by influencing existing neurotransmitters, existing neurological pathways, and receptor sites in the central nervous system, including the addiction pathway.

True

The compulsive gambler's addiction pathway in the brain becomes hijacked similar to the way the brain becomes rewired from alcohol and other drug addictions.

True

The physical, mental, and emotional affects a person experiences from taking psychoactive drugs are caused by the modification or mimicking of the neurotransmitter's function.

True

The high from cocaine normally lasts 4 to 6 hours

False

When drugs are taken orally, the effects are delayed for approximately how long?

20-30 minutes

Which of the following statements most accurately represents the use of plant-based psychoactive substances?

About 4000 plants yield psychoactive substances, and the vast majority are not illegal.

The emotional center of the brain that is activated when a person with an addiction sees a person, place, or thing that reminds him of their addiction is called the:

Amygdala

There is no such thing as psychological dependence.

False

Which of the following groups have been involved in growing, manufacturing, distributing, taxing, and prohibiting drugs? #1. The ruling classes #2. governments #3. industry #4. criminal organizations

Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4

The illicit manufacture and distribution of methamphetamine in the United States to date is due to the involvement of

Mexican gangs and drug cartels

Stimulants force the release of which of the following neurotransmitters to infuse the body with lots of extra energy before the body needs it? #1. Serotonin #2. Epinephrine #3. dopamine #4. norepinephrine

Neurotransmitters 1, 2, 3, and 4

A persons level of emotional and physical stress can increase the ability of psychoactive drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier.

True

According to researchers, a person who smokes cigarettes is 22 times more likely to use cocaine than a nonsmoker

True

Human brain chemistry can be affected by psychoactive drugs, behavioral addictions, and mental illness, to induce an altered state of consciousness.

True

In recent decades, policy decisions regarding drugs and alcohol have been made based on the political climate rather than on the effects of drugs on the individual and society.

True

Mexican cartels have replace Colombian cartels in controlling smuggling cocaine into the United States.

True

Research shows that boys under age 18 with ADHD who are treated with stimulants like Adderall and Ritalin, are much less likely to abuse drugs and alcohol when they get older.

True

Stimulant drugs include cocaine and methamphetamine force the release of dopamine. This surge of dopamine causes paranoia and Hyperreactivity

True

The ruling classes, governments, industry, and criminal organizations have controlled the trade of psychoactive drugs. A. true B. false

True

Which of the following is currently the most popular psychoactive substance worldwide?

alcohol

For treating ADHD, the most the most common alternative therapies to prescription medications for treating ADHD are

dietary changes and nutritional supplements

The most crucial neurotransmitter involved in behavioral addictions, drug use, and drug abuse is:

dopamine

There are several routes of administering drugs, and some reach the brain faster than others. Which of the following sequences correctly list the routes of administration from fastest to slowest for getting drugs to the brain?

Inhaling, injecting, mucous membrane absorption, oral ingestion

The central nervous system is composed of the spinal cord and the brain.

True

When a person who has developed tolerance to caffeine subsequently withdrawals from the caffeine, it results in physical pain, extreme fatigue, and depression.

True

The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1990 was implemented in response to crack epidemic of the 1990s.

False