alterations in respiratory function

The emergency department nurse is caring for a client with cystic fibrosis who is dyspneic and has a productive cough. Place in order the nursing interventions performed upon arrival to improve breathing. A. Notify respiratory therapy. B. Assess respiratory status. C. Obtain oxygen saturation reading. D. Place in bed in a semi-Fowler's position. E. Place on oxygen at 2 liters. F. Instruct on energy conservation measures.

B. Assess respiratory status. D. Place in bed in a semi-Fowler's position. C. Obtain oxygen saturation reading. E. Place on oxygen at 2 liters. A. Notify respiratory therapy. F. Instruct on energy conservation measures.

A nurse is conducting a presentation for a community parent group about respiratory conditions in children. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which of the following as one of the most common conditions seen during early childhood? A. Croup B. Bronchiolitis C. Asthma D. Pneumonia

A. Croup

When caring for a child with acute bronchiolitis which nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care. Select all that apply. A. Encourage fluids B. Administer oxygen C. Place child in mist tent D. Administer antibiotics E. Follow contact precautions F. Encourage activity

A. Encourage fluids B. Administer oxygen C. Place child in mist tent E. Follow contact precautions

A child who is experiencing an exacerbation of asthma is brought to the emergency department by his parents. When reviewing the child's laboratory and diagnostic test results, which is consistent with the diagnosis? A. Hyperinflation of lungs on chest radiograph B. Increased peak expiratory flow rate C. Low arterial blood carbon dioxide level D. Decreased pulmonary function tests

A. Hyperinflation of lungs on chest radiograph

A child with a suspected airway obstruction is brought to the emergency room. He produces a harsh, strident sound on inspiration (stridor). Where is the obstruction likely to be located, based on this information? A. In the larynx B. Lower trachea C. Bronchioles D. Pharynx

A. In the larynx

The nurse is caring for a child who has been admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which laboratory/diagnostic tools would most likely be used to help diagnose this child? A. Purified protein derivative test B. Sweat sodium chloride test C. Blood culture and sensitivity D. Pulmonary functions test

A. Purified protein derivative test

The nurse is assisting in the development of a plan of care for a child with asthma. In planning care, many goals would be appropriate for this child and/or family caregiver. Which two goals would be the highest priority for this child or family? A. The child will maintain a clear airway. B. The child will have adequate fluid intake. C. The child and family will connect with families living with the same diagnosis. D. The child and family will improve knowledge and understanding of varied pharmacologic options. E. The child will maintain adequate pain control.

A. The child will maintain a clear airway. B. The child will have adequate fluid intake.

When caring for children with respiratory issues in relationship to the anatomy and physiology of the child's respiratory system, it is important to recognize which of the following? A. The diameter of the child's trachea is about the size of the child's little finger. B. As soon as the child is born, respiratory passages needed during fetal life close. C. Full development of the lungs and respiratory organs involved does not occur until the child is an adolescent. D. The newborn uses the thoracic muscles to

A. The diameter of the child's trachea is about the size of the child's little finger.

A parent calls the "on call" line stating that her infant has had a bark-like cough for the past three nights. The parent states no fever or cold symptoms. Which suggestions may save a trip to the emergency department? Select all that apply. A. Use a cool mist humidifier in the infant's room. B. Take the infant into a steamy bathroom. C. Provide the infant cold oral fluids. D. Use the coolness of the night air. E. Assess throat for throat obstruction.

A. Use a cool mist humidifier in the infant's room. B. Take the infant into a steamy bathroom. D. Use the coolness of the night air.

A school-age child with asthma has cromolyn sodium added to the medication regimen. What should the nurse include when teaching the child and parents about this medication? Select all that apply. A. Use this medication with a metered-dose inhaler. B. Take this medication before an inhaled bronchodilator. C. Repeat doses of this medication until symptoms subside. D. This medication is to be used for an acute asthma attack. E. Wait 1 to 2 minutes between puffs when taking this medication.

A. Use this medication with a metered-dose inhaler. E. Wait 1 to 2 minutes between puffs when taking this medication.

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. The child has been placed in a mist tent. In caring for the child, it is important for the nurse to: A. monitor the child regularly for signs of cyanosis. B. avoid contact with the mist if the nurse is a sexually active female of childbearing age. C. use contact transmission precautions. D. check for hyperthermia related to enclosure in the tent.

A. monitor the child regularly for signs of cyanosis.

A 5-year-old girl who was already admitted to the hospital for an unrelated condition suddenly becomes irritable, restless and anxious. These may be early signs of respiratory distress in a child if accompanied by: A. tachypnea. B. retractions. C. cyanosis. D. clubbing of fingers

A. tachypnea.

The nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family caregivers of a child diagnosed with tuberculosis who is being treated with the drug rifampin. Which statement made by the caregivers indicates an understanding of this medication? A. "My son will have to take this medication the rest of his life." B. "While she is taking this medication, I won't worry if her tears look orange." C. "This medication may cause slight bleeding when she urinates." D. "He will not be able to attend school for the first few months that he is on this medication."

B. "While she is taking this medication, I won't worry if her tears look orange."

The nurse is caring for a child with history of asthma who presents to the emergency department with wheezing, tachypnea, and dyspnea. What will the nurse do first? A. Ask what may have triggered the attack. B. Place the child in high-Fowler's position. C. Assess the child's pulse oximetry reading. D. Apply oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 liters.

B. Place the child in high-Fowler's position.

The nurse is teaching a 14-year-old child on the proper use of a metered-dose inhaler to control symptoms of asthma. Which teaching points should the nurse include in these instructions? Select all that apply. A. Take two puffs at a time. B. Shake the canister before using. C. Wait 5 minutes between puffs. D. Hold the breath for 5 to 10 seconds. E. Activate the inhaler while taking a deep breath.

B. Shake the canister before using. D. Hold the breath for 5 to 10 seconds. E. Activate the inhaler while taking a deep breath.

The NICU nurse is caring for a preterm neonate with respiratory distress syndrome on mechanical ventilation. Which assessment data would alert the nurse that a pneumothorax might have developed? Select all that apply. A. Neonate's blood pressure is 80/50. B. The neonate's respiratory rate is 68. C. Oxygen saturation is 92% and heart rate is 130. D. Neonate is exhibiting nasal flaring and grunting. E. Chest radiography reveals low lung volume and a ground glass appearance . F. The neonate's chest is asymmetrical. with decreased breath sounds on one side.

B. The neonate's respiratory rate is 68. D. Neonate is exhibiting nasal flaring and grunting. F. The neonate's chest is asymmetrical. with decreased breath sounds on one side.

Which piece of equipment is most helpful in determining airway obstruction in the client with asthma? A. A nebulizer B. An inhaler C. A peak flow meter D. An incentive spirometer

C. A peak flow meter

The nurse is performing a well-child assessment on a 2-week-old infant. The nurse asks why her baby only breathes out of his nose and does not seem to mouth breathe. What information can the nurse provide to the mother? A. "Babies breathe from both their nose and mouth around 2 or 3 weeks of age." B. "Breathing from the nose only will be noted in newborns for about the first 6 weeks of life." C. "Your baby is breathing normally for his age." D. "Babies are nose breathers for about the first 4 weeks of life."

D. "Babies are nose breathers for about the first 4 weeks of life."

When assessing a child for the probable cause of acute bronchiolitis, the nurse focuses on which factor? A. Bacterial infections B. Environmental allergies C. Prenatal complications D. Viral infections

D. Viral infections

The nurse has received morning report on a group of pediatric clients. Which pediatric client will the nurse see first? A. an infant with rhinorrhea, coughing, and oxygen saturation of 92% B. a toddler with a temperature of 100.1 F (38C), and a harsh, barking cough C. a preschool child with crackles in the right lower lobe and chest pain D. a school-age child with dysphagia, drooling, and a hoarse voice

D. a school-age child with dysphagia, drooling, and a hoarse voice