Ambient Air

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Human Effects from Ambient Air Pollution

-Respiratory system -Immune system allergies -skin and mucosal tissues -sensory effects -CNS -cardiovascular system -carcinogenic effects

Why is using solid fuels bad for an energy source?

-creates lots of pollutants (particulates, CO, NOx) -concentrated in small homes

what is the typical size of a small particle in a biomass fuel-using home?

1000+ ug/m3 the european standard is 50 ug/m3

How many people rely on solid fuels for their basic energy needs?

3 billion

The atmosphere is composed of...

78.1% Nitrogen 20.9% Oxygen 1% Other substances (from pollution)

Gases or Vapors

CO Sulfur Compounds Nitrogen Compounds Ozone Organics (formaldehyde, volatiles) CO2 Odors Halogens

Can something that isn't man-made be considered an air pollutant?

Yes, it can be natural or anthropogenic

Photochemical or Oxidizing Smog

NOx and hydrocarbons (VOC: volatile organic chemicals) = ozone precursors + sunlight -in the atmosphere chemical reactions result in 03

Sources of Air Pollution

Photochemical smog --pollutant sources (emissions) combined with atmospheric chemical reactions and a temperature inversion Acid Rain --pollutant sources (emissions) combined with atmospheric chemical reactions and precipitation --sulfuric and nitric acids from dissolution of nitrogenous and sulfurous acids. Makes natural waters acidic

types of air pollution

Sulfur Dioxide Particulate matter Carbon monoxide Ozone Nitrogen Dioxide (NOx) Lead Hydrocarbons

what is acid smog?

Sulfur dioxide and particulates -found in Donora, Pennsylvania and London -caused by coal burning and industry urbanization

Air Pollution

presence in the air of one or more contaminants or combinations thereof in such quantities and of such durations as may be or tend to be injurious to human, animal, or plant life, or property or which makes living uncomfortable


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