ANAPH

Choose the arrangement that list the muscles from most superficial to deepest.

(1) external abdominal oblique (2) internal abdominal oblique (3) transversus abdominis ​

In a situation where the respiratory bronchioles become inflamed and narrowed, such as is seen in asthma, which aspect of respiration would be most mechanically impaired?

- "ventilation" or "airflow."

The S2 heart sound ("dupp") is heard during what part of the cardiac cycle?

- closure of the semilunar valves ​

Which of the following drains deoxygenated blood from the heart?

- superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus/CORONARY VEINS

Identify the correct flow of blood in the heart. Deoxygenated blood from SVC, IVC and coronary sinus ➔ _______ ➔ tricuspid valve opens ➔ ______ ➔ pulmonic valve opens ➔ pulmonary trunk ➔ pulmonary arteries ➔ oxygenation in lungs ➔ pulmonary veins ➔ ______ ➔ mitral valve opens ➔ ______ ➔ aortic valve opens ➔ aorta ​

-RIGHT ATRIUM -RIGHT VENTRICLE -LEFT ATRIUM -LEFT VENTRICLE ​

Which of the following starts the rhythm of electrical excitation (PACEMAKER) that causes the heart to contract?

Sinoatrial node

This is mostly made up of a soft network of reticular connective tissue that surrounds a large number of blood capillaries. In response to body needs and regulatory factors, it creates various numbers of each blood type as needed.

RED BONE MARROW

The cardiac cycle is:

SERIES OF PRESSURE CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE WITHIN THE HEART

A condition in which a person breathing repeatedly stops and starts while sleeping and this is characterized by loud snoring.

obstructive sleep apnea

What is the normal and average blood pressure?

120/80 mm Hg

The decrease in muscle size caused by a decrease in the number of myofilaments is called

muscle atrophy

Which of the following correctly demonstrates the method of inspiration?

Air is flowing into the lungs (active phase) During end of inspiration: - Abdominal muscles relaxing - The ribs moving up - Diaphragm moving down - Labored breathing: additional muscles contract, causing additional expansion of the thorax. - Quite breathing: the external intercostal muscles contract, elevating the ribs and moving the sternum. - Muscles of inspiration: sternocleidomastoid, scalene, pectoralis minor, external intercostal and diaphragm

The first heart sound (S1) is produced by:

CLOSURE OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES - first heart sound closure of the AV valves ​

Relaxation in smooth muscle occurs when?

Calcium decreases in cytosol when pump in out in the cell or back into SR ​

In order to contract, a skeletal muscle must:

Calcium, Ion, Stimulus, ATP

A patient diagnosed with Optic neuritis.

Cranial Nerve II

A patient with Herpes zoster infection in the eye.

Cranial Nerve V

A patient diagnosed with Bell's Palsy.

Cranial Nerve VII

A patient diagnose with paralysis of the tongue.

Cranial Nerve Xll(12)

The following are the causes of muscle fatigue EXCEPT: I. Lack of ATP production II. Acidosis III. Oxidative stress ​

II. ACIDOSIS

A lung condition in which the bronchiole becomes narrow/smaller, preventing air from reaching the lungs.

EMPHYSEMA

Kian regularly exercise every day. He continues to breathe heavily after the activity. This is due to the fact that after exercise, oxygen consumption remains higher than at rest.

EXCESS POST-EXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION

What is a test being used to measure the electrical activity of the heart? It can also diagnose some cardiac abnormalities.

Electrocardiogram

fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding muscle.

Endomysium

Diets high in sodium are associated with hypertension. It is advisable to eat low salt, high fat diet to avoid cardiovascular diseases.

False

In response to exercise, a muscle increases in size, or atrophies and increases in strength and endurance. Conversely, a muscle that is not used decreases in size, or hypertrophies.

False

Vital capacity and maximum minute volume decreases with age because of weakened respiratory muscles and decreased thoracic cage compliance. The ability to remove mucus from the respiratory passageways increases with age.

False

a complex and chronic pain condition that is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, tenderness, and a variety of other symptoms. It is considered a disorder of the central nervous system

Fibromyalgia

It is caused by a weakened blood vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain.

HEMORRHAGIC STROKE

Sean is playing at the park with other kids. Suddenly, he fell on the ground and had a small wound on his knee. When a blood vessel is damaged, which of the following helps to stop bleeding?

HEMOSTASIS/PLATELETS

Which of the following parts of the respiratory system plays a major role in speech? Also, voice production and quality are affected when someone has infections or inflammatory conditions.

Larynx

These are chemicals that are utilized in the communication process.

Neurotransmitter/PHEROMONES

Which of the following components of ECG does depolarization of atria occurs?

P-WAVE

Which of the following is an example of an isometric exercise that causes muscle size and strength to increase?

PICKING A BOOK UP OFF A TABLE

Which of the following is the role of blood clotting?

PREVENTS EXCESSIVE BLEEDING WHEN A BLOOD VESSEL IS INJURED.

Which of the following is TRUE about slow oxidative fibers?

Smallest in diameter Least powerful type of muscle fibers Appear dark red (more myoglobin) Generate ATP mainly by aerobic cellular respiration Have a slow speed of contraction Twitch contractions last from 100 to 200 msec Very resistant to fatigue Capable of prolonged, sustained contractions for many hours Adapted for maintaining posture and for aerobic, endurance-type activities such as running a marathon

Which of the following tests should be performed on a patient who is having coordination issues?

Stick Flip Coordination Test; Wall-Toss Test; Block Transfer; Soda Pop Test; Plate Tapping; Light Board; Test Heel-to-knee Test)

The sum of the inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes plus the tidal volume and the residual volume.

TOTAL LUNG CAPACITY

Which of the following is the role of mucus and cilia in the respiratory system?

TRAPS SMALLER PARTICLES LIKE POLLEN OR SMOKE

Kalex has a blood type AB. He can receive blood (RBCs) from blood type AB, A, B, and O but can only give to what blood type?

TYPE AB

Kachina has a blood type O. She can give blood (RBCs) to blood type AB, A, B, and O but can only receive from what blood type?

TYPE O

The largest cartilage supporting the larynx and contains a laryngeal prominence also known as the "Adam's apple".

Thyroid Cartilage

Aging results in gradual changes in heart function, which are minor under resting conditions but more significant during exercise. Exercise improves the functional capacity of the heart at all ages.

True

Apnea is the absence of breathing. Dyspnea is difficulty breathing.

True

Blood typing determines the ABO and Rh blood groups of a blood sample. Mismatching the ABO blood group results in a transfusion reaction.

True

Fatigue is a temporary state of reduced work capacity. Without fatigue, muscle fibers would be worked to the point of structural damage to them and their supportive tissues.

True

Reflexes are integrated within the brain and spinal cord; Reflexes do not require conscious thought, and they produce a consistent and predictable result.

True

Type A blood has A antigens, type B blood has B antigens, type AB blood has A and B antigens, and type O blood has neither A nor B antigens.

True

The spinal cord gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Eight cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 coccygeal pairs, and 1 sacral.

True ​

What is a flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward?

VALVES

Which of the following occurs first when a blood vessel is damaged?

Vascular Spasms/VASOCONSTRICTION

Antibody structure is commonly:

Y-SHAPED STRUCTURE WHICH CONSISTS OF FOUR POLYPEPTIDES

The air sacs that are covered with capillaries and the site for gas exchange.

alveoli

When an artery's wall weakens and causes an abnormally large bulge. This bulge can rupture and cause internal bleeding.

aneurysm

A chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart and usually a symptom of coronary artery disease.

angina.

A thickening or hardening of the arteries as a result of plaque buildup on the arterial wall.

atherosclerosis

Manuel is a chain smoker since the age of 20. He is now 55 years old and are experiencing shortness of breath and cough that produces phlegm. He is also unable to speak more than two or three words due to shortness of breath. He has intercostal muscle retraction when breathing and sits upright. He is also thin and with diffuse muscle wasting. Based on his signs and symptoms, Manuel has ____________.

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" (COPD)

Running injuries are usually related to faulty training techniques and it can be treated with all of the following EXCEPT:

continuing high-mileage running on an existing injury will likely make it worse due to repetitive impact and stress on the damaged tissues.

are sudden and involuntary contractions or spasms of one or more muscles. They can be painful and uncomfortable.

cramps

Which of the following is responsible in preventing food from entering the trachea?

epiglottis

The kidney secretes ___________ to stimulate the bone marrow to make red blood cells.

erythropoietin

The process of blood cell formation is called:

hematopoiesis

You leave the classroom pouting since you did not do well on your recent examinations. Which of these muscles are you using?

orbicularis oris muscle./MENTALIS

Irene has fever, cough and experiencing chest tightness. She was diagnosed with infection of the lungs where alveoli are flooded with bacteria and white blood cells. Her condition demonstrates she has _____________.

pneumonia

What is the most common pulmonary function test that measures how much air you can breathe in and out of your lungs?

spirometry

refer to injuries or overstretching of muscles or tendons. They can occur when muscles are forced to contract too quickly or too forcefully, or when they are stretched beyond their normal range of motion.

strains

Beth was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Lately she was also stress and experienced anxiety due to loads of works and deadlines. Her heart rate is 112 beats per minute. A heart rate over 100 beats per minute is called __________________.

tachycardia/ TACHYCARDIA HEARTBEAT