Anaphy Chapter 4- Tissues
secretion involves the release of secretory products as pinched-off fragments of the gland cells.
Apocrine
Four Types of Tissues found in Animals
Connective epithelial nervous muscle
types of epithelial tissue
covering and lining epithelium grandular epithelium
consists of non-fibrous protein and other molecules.
Ground substance
form bone, osteocytes maintain it, and osteoclasts break it down.
Osteoblasts
__ muscles move joint and assist in breathing.
Skeletal muscles
change their appearance, appearing cuboidal in relaxed epithelium and squamous when the epithelium is stretched.
Transitional epithelium
Numerous microvilli together act as a structure called as
Brush Borders"
height is greater than width. These cells are highly active in secretion.
COLUMNAR
square/cuboidal cell shape. These cells usually active in excretion, secretion or absorption, and the Golgi and organelles lie between the nucleus and the apical surface.
CUBOIDAL
form cartilage and chondrocytes maintain it.
Chondroblasts
long fine projections on the apical surface that contain a core ofmicrotubules.
Cilia
ductless; secretions released directly into the bloodstream; releases hormones
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
secretes saliva, sweat or digestive juices. Two typesunicellular or multicellular exocrine glands.(secretions released via ducts)
EXOCRINE GLANDS
are cells that form fibrous connective tissue, and fibrocytes maintain it.
Fibroblasts
secrete mucus (glygoproteins and proteoglycans) onto the apical surface of the epithelium. These are single 'glandular ' cells.
Goblet cells
secretion involves the shedding of entire cells.
Holocrine
are epithelial cells that form the superficial layer of the skin that experience abrasion and water loss.
Keratinocytes
secretion involves the release of secretory products by exocytosis.
Merocrine
a small thin protrusions on the apical surface of cells
Microvilli
For support, regulation & protection of neurons
Neuroglia
For processing, transfer, & storage of information
Neurons
rap large quantities of water between the polysaccharides, which allows them to return to their original shape when compressed or deformed.
Proteoglycans
contains flat cells (width is much greater than the height). This facilitates transport and rapid diffusion across the epithelium.
SQUAMOUS
It lines secretory regions of some glands, and tubules in the kidney.
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Lines the lungs, and all blood vessels (where it is called the endothelium ), and forms the mesothelial lining of all the body cavities.
Simple Squamous Epithelium
It contains spindle-shaped cells, with a central nucleus, that are connected together in a functional syncytium; Involuntary.
Smooth Muscle
A rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers.
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
t lines the excretory regions of glands, e.g., the sweat glands of skin.
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
It protects against abrasion. Examples include the epithelium of skin and the oesophagus (gastro-intestinal tract).
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Glands with ducts shaped in saclike structures are called
acinar or alveolar
Three types of protein fibers
collagen, reticular, and elastic
types of cartilage
hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage elastic cartilage
__, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed, and normal function is usually restored.
regeneration
__, a new type of tissue develops, which eventually produces a scar and causes loss of some tissue function.
replacement
epithelium is classified based on the number of layers
simple stratified
voluntary muscle
skeletal muscle
types of involuntary muscles
smooth and cardiac
Glands with secretory regions shaped as tubules (small tubes) are called
tubular