Anatomical Final Exam

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "kinetic chain concept?" A. A system can be both open and closed simultaneously. B. Bony segments and their linkage system of joints may be likened to a chain. C. Any one link in an extremity may be moved individually without significantly affecting other links if the chain is open. D.If the chain is closed then substantial movement of any one link cannot occur without substantial movement of the other links.

A. A system can be both open and closed simultaneously.

Which of the following is an action of the middle fibers of the deltoid muscles? A. Abduction B. Extension C. Flexion D. Adduction

A. Abduction

Muscles that primarily flex the elbow and pronate the forearm include all of the following except? A. Anconeus B. Brachioradialis C. Pronator teres D. Pronator quadratus

A. Anconeus

The muscles that perform radioulnar supination include all of the following except? A. Anconeus B. Biceps brachii C. Supinator D. Brachioradialis

A. Anconeus

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "follow-through phase" of sports skills? A. Begins immediately prior to the climax of movement phase B. Brings about negative acceleration of involved limb or body segment C. Often referred to as the deceleration phase D. Body segment velocity progressively decreases

A. Begins immediately prior to the climax of movement phase

Which of the following actions is not performed by the trapezius? A. Downward rotation B. Upward rotation C. Elevation D. Depression

A. Downward rotation

Which of the following is an origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle? A. Posterior crest of the ilium B. Front of the sacrum C. Spinous processes of the lumbar and lower eight thoracic vertebrae D. Slips of the lower seven ribs

A. Posterior crest of the ilium

The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the _____. A. acromion process B. coracoid process C. glenoid fossa D. lateral border

A. acromion process

The muscles that perform radioulnar pronation include all of the following except? A. Brachioradialis B. Brachialis C. Pronator teres D. Pronator quadratus

B. Brachialis

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus? A. Proximal 3/4 ths of the anterior and medial ulna B. Middle anterior surface of the radius C. Posterior aspect of the proximal ulna D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

B. Middle anterior surface of the radius

Which of the following positions would be best to stretch the pectoralis minor? A. Protraction B. Retraction C. Elevation D. Depression

B. Retraction

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the branches of C5, C6 and C7 of the brachial plexus? A. Rhomboid B. Trapezius C. Serratus anterior D. Pectoralis minor

C. Serratus anterior

Which of the following muscles would best be strengthened by the bench press exercise? A. Trapezius B. Rhomboids C. Serratus anterior D. Levator scapulae

C. Serratus anterior

Which of the following muscles would most likely be substantially weakened in an individual with a winging scapula? A. Trapezius B. Rhomboids C. Serratus anterior D. Levator scapulae

C. Serratus anterior

Which of the following is the origin of the palmaris longus? A. Proximal 3/4ths of the anterior and medial ulna B. Middle anterior surface of the radius C. Posterior aspect of the proximal ulna D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to the predisposition for injury at the glenohumeral joint? A. Shallowness of glenoid fossa B. Laxity of ligamentous structures C. Lack of strength and endurance in muscles D. Tight configuration of ligaments

D. Tight configuration of ligaments

The most superiorly located bony landmark of the scapula is the _____. A. acromion process B. coracoid process C. spine D. superior angle

A. acromion process

The most common glenohumeral dislocation is _____. A. anterior B. inferior C. posterior D. superior

A. anterior

An agonist to the supinator muscle is the _____. A. biceps brachialis B. brachialis C. brachioradialis D. triceps brachii

A. biceps brachialis

Which of the following muscles has a portion of its insertion located on the spine of the scapula? A. Trapezius B. Rhomboids C. Serratus anterior D. Levator scapulae

A. Trapezius

Which of the following muscles performs an action in the sagittal plane of motion? A. Trapezius B. Rhomboids C. Serratus anterior D. Levator scapulae

A. Trapezius

Which of the following is an action performed by the serratus anterior? A. Upward rotation B. Downward rotation C. Flexion D. Extension

A. Upward rotation

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "stance phase" of sports skills? A. Allows for more power to be transferred from the body during the movement B. Allows the athlete to assume a comfortable and balanced body position C. Emphasis is on setting various joint angles in correct positions D. Is a relatively static phase with fairly short ranges of motion involved

A. Allows for more power to be transferred from the body during the movement

When viewed from the anatomical position which of the following is located posterior surface of the arm? A. Anconeus B. Pronator quadratus C. Biceps brachii D. Pronator teres

A. Anconeus

The glenohumeral ligaments include all of the following except? A. Anterior glenohumeral ligament B. Superior glenohumeral ligament C. Inferior glenohumeral ligament D. Middle glenohumeral ligament

A. Anterior glenohumeral ligament

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris? A. Base of 5 th metacarpal B. Base of distal phalanges C. Base of 3 rd metacarpal D. Base of 2 nd metacarpal

A. Base of 5th metacarpal

Which of the following muscles performs extension of the index finger? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digiti minimi D. Abductor pollicis longus

A. Extensor indicis

Which of the following is not a function of the latissimus dorsi muscle? A. External rotation B. Internal rotation C. Extension D. Adduction

A. External rotation

Which of the following muscles flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers? A. Flexor digitorum profundus B. Flexor pollicis longus C. Flexor digitorum superficialis D. Flexor digitorum communis

A. Flexor digitorum profundus

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the wrist and hand joints? A. Forms 16 phalanges B. Composed of 29 bones C. Contain more than 25 joints D. Composed of more than 30 muscles

A. Forms 16 phalanges

Actions of the elbow and radioulnar joints occur in all of the following planes except? A. Frontal B. Transverse C. Sagittal D. Horizontal

A. Frontal

The 3 rd metacarpophalangeal joint moves in which of the following planes? A. Frontal, sagittal B. Transverse, longitudinal C. Sagittal, transverse D. Frontal, transverse

A. Frontal, sagittal

Which of the following is not true regarding the "Valsalva Manuver?" A. Is considered to be proper when performing maximal lifts B. Causes dramatic blood pressure increase followed by equally dramatic drop C. Can cause light headedness and fainting D. Leads to complications in heart disease patients

A. Is considered to be proper when performing maximal lifts

Which of the following statements is not valid regarding a "closed kinetic chain?" A. It involves the body moving in relation to the relatively unfixed distal segment. B. Movement of one joint cannot occur without causing movements of the other joints. C. Multiple joints are involved. D. Multiple muscle groups are involved

A. It involves the body moving in relation to the relatively unfixed distal segment.

Actions of the biceps brachii include all of the following except? A. Pronation of the forearm B. Flexion of the elbow C. Supination of the forearm D. Weak flexion of the shoulder joint

A. Pronation of the forearm

The radial nerve innervates all of the following muscles except? A. Pronator teres B. Triceps brachii C. Brachioradialis D. Anconeus

A. Pronator teres

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus? A. Proximal 3/4ths of the anterior and medial ulna B. Middle anterior surface of the radius C. Posterior aspect of the proximal ulna D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

A. Proximal 3/4ths of the anterior and medial ulna

Which of the following is not a structure associated with the shoulder joint? A. Ribs B. Humerus C. Clavicle D. Scapula

A. Ribs

Which of the following muscles perform stabilization and protection of the sternoclavicular joint? A. Subclavius B. Serratus anterior C. Trapezius D. Pectoralis minor

A. Subclavius

The origin of the triceps muscle includes all of the following except? A. Supraglenoid tubercle above the superior lip of the glenoid fossa of the scapula B. Infraglenoid tubercle below the inferior lip of glenoid fossa of the scapula C. Upper half of the posterior surface of the humerus D. Distal 2/3 of the posterior surface of the humerus

A. Supraglenoid tubercle above the superior lip of the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Which of the following is not considered to be a muscle in the rotator cuff group? A. Teres major B. Teres minor C. Infraspinatus D. Subscapularis

A. Teres major

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the lowering phase of a barbell press? A. The shoulder girdle performs eccentric downward rotation B. The elbow performs extension C. The shoulder joint performs flexion D. The shoulder girdle performs elevation

A. The shoulder girdle performs eccentric downward rotation

Tightening a screw with a screwdriver using the right hand depends significantly upon the action of the _____. A. biceps brachialis B. brachioradialis C. supinator D. triceps brachii

A. biceps brachialis

All of the following are open chain exercises except for _____. A. chin-up B. biceps curl C. bench press D. lat pull

A. chin-up

Which of the following is not an action of the brachioradialis muscle? A. Flexion of the elbow B. Extension of the elbow C. Pronation from supinated position D. Supination from a pronated position

B. Extension of the elbow

Which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle? A. Weak flexion of the shoulder B. Flexion of the elbow C. Pronation from supinated position D. Supination from a pronated position

B. Flexion of the elbow

Which of the following muscles performs adduction of the wrist? A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

B. Flexor carpi ulnaris

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "movement phase" in sport skills? A. Sometimes known as the acceleration, action, motion, or contact phase B. Generally involves high amounts of eccentric activity C. Summation of force is generated directly to the ball, sport object, or opponent D. Usually characterized by near-maximal concentric activity in involved muscles

B. Generally involves high amounts of eccentric activity

Which of the following is not true regarding muscular strength and endurance in the shoulder area? A. Essential for improved appearance and posture B. Increases performance in all sports C. Increases efficiency in skill performance of upper body activities D. Specific conditioning exercises and activities should be intelligently selected

B. Increases performance in all sports

The ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except? A. Radial collateral B. Interosseus C. Ulnar collateral D. Annular

B. Interosseus

Which of the following is not an action of the pectoralis major muscle? A. Internal rotation B. Pronation C. Flexion D. Abduction

B. Pronation

Which of the following is true with respect to the rhomboid muscles? A. The origin is the spinous processes of the last cervical (C7) and first four (T1-4) vertebrae B. The actions include adduction and downward rotation from an upwardly rotated position C. The insertion is the lateral border of the scapula below the spine D. It is innervated by the anterior scapular nerve (C5)

B. The actions include adduction and downward rotation from an upwardly rotated position

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the lifting phase of a chest press? A. The wrist and hand perform extension B. The elbow performs extension C. The shoulder performs extension D. The shoulder girdle performs adduction

B. The elbow performs extension

Which of the following statements is not valid regarding an "open kinetic chain?" A. The core of the body is more stabilized while the distal segment is free to move in single plane. B. The proximal segment is not fixed while the distal segment is free to move in a single plane. C. It's not considered to be as functional as closed chain work for most lower extremity activities. D. Its beneficial in isolating a particular joint to concentrate on specific muscle groups.

B. The proximal segment is not fixed while the distal segment is free to move in a single plane.

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the branches of C3 and C4 of the brachial plexus? A. Rhomboid B. Trapezius C. Serratus anterior D. Pectoralis minor

B. Trapezius

Which of the following is an action of the pronator teres muscle? A. Weak extension of the elbow B. Weak flexion of the elbow C. Weak pronation from supinated position D. Weak supination from a pronated position

B. Weak flexion of the elbow

An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, and lower pectoralis major is _____. A. abduction B. adduction C. external rotation D. flexion

B. adduction

The wrist joint moves through the _____ plane about the _____ axis with ulnar and deviation. A. transverse; longitudinal B. frontal; sagittal C. sagittal; coronal D. frontal; frontal

B. frontal; sagittal

In order to obtain the greatest amount of active wrist extension you should place the fingers in _____. A. full active extension B. relaxed flexion C. tight adduction D. relaxed abduction

B. relaxed flexion

Flexion of the elbow and supination of the forearm occur about the _____ and _____ axes, respectively. A. vertical; sagittal B. sagittal; longitudinal C. coronal; anteroposterior D. sagittal; frontal

B. sagittal; longitudinal

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis? A. Base of 5 th metacarpal B. Base of distal phalanges C. Base of 3 rd metacarpal D. Base of 2 nd metacarpal

C. Base of 3rd metacarpal

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "kinetic chain concept?" A. Open-chain exercises generally isolate only one segment. B. Closed-chain exercises work all body segments in the chain. C. Both of the above choices are correct. D. None of the above choices is correct.

C. Both of the above choices are correct.

Radioulnar supinators include all of the following except? A. Biceps brachii B. Supinator muscle C. Brachialis D. Brachioradialis

C. Brachialis

Which of the following muscles is involved in both pronation and supination? A. Biceps brachialis B. Brachialis C. Brachioradialis D. Supinator

C. Brachioradialis

Which of the following actions is performed by the levator scapulae? A. Downward rotation B. Upward rotation C. Elevation D. Depression

C. Elevation

Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the four tendons to the bases of middle and distal phalanxes of the four fingers on the dorsal surface of the hand? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

C. Extensor digitorum

Which of the following muscles has its origin on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

C. Extensor digitorum

The actions of the lower portion of the trapezius muscle include all of the following except? A. Upward rotation B. Depression C. Adduction D. Elevation

D. Elevation

Which of the following muscles performs flexion of the thumb? A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

C. Flexor pollicis longus

Which of the following anatomical landmarks is located on the posterior surface of the scapula? A. Glenoid fossa B. Posterior fossa C. Infraspinatus fossa D. Subscapular fossa

C. Infraspinatus fossa

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "preparatory phase" of sports skills? A. Often referred to as cocking or wind-up phase B. Used to lengthen the muscles in order to generate more force and momentum C. Is generally not the most critical phase in leading toward the desired result of activity D. Becomes more dynamic as the need for explosiveness in the sport skill increases

C. Is generally not the most critical phase in leading toward the desired result of activity

Which of the following is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle? A. Posterior crest of the ilium B. Back of the sacrum C. Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus D. Spinous processes of the lumbar and lower six thoracic vertebrae

C. Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the spinal accessory nerve and/or the branches of C5? A. Rhomboids B. Trapezius C. Pectoralis minor D. Levator scapulae

C. Pectoralis minor

Which of the following statements is not valid regarding an "open kinetic chain?" A. Allows any one joint in the extremity to move or function separately B. Upper extremity examples include a shoulder shrug, a shoulder abduction, or a biceps curl C. Requires the movement of other joints in the extremity D. Lower extremity examples include seated hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion

C. Requires the movement of other joints in the extremity

Which of the following muscles has a portion of its origin located on the ribs? A. Trapezius B. Rhomboids C. Serratus anterior D. Levator scapulae

C. Serratus anterior

Which of the following are not anterior muscles of the shoulder joint? A. Pectoralis major B. Coracobrachialis C. Supraspinatus D. Subscapularis

C. Supraspinatus

Which of the following muscles of the shoulder joint are located on the posterior surface of the scapula? A. Pectoralis major B. Coracobrachialis C. Supraspinatus D. Subscapularis

C. Supraspinatus

Which of the following muscles is located most posteriorly on the human body? A. Pectoralis minor B. Serratus anterior C. Trapezius D. Subclavius

C. Trapezius

Which one of the following is not true regarding the analysis of most sport skills? A. Will include a preparatory phase B. Will include a movement phase C. Will include a stop-action phase D. Will include a follow-through phase

C. Will include a stop-action phase

An action common to the posterior deltoid, teres minor, and infraspinatus is _____. A. abduction B. adduction C. external rotation D. internal rotation

C. external rotation

An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis and pectoralis major is _____. A. abduction B. adduction C. internal rotation D. extension

C. internal rotation

Which of the following muscles does not perform wrist extension? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following muscles may not be palpated on the dorsal aspect of the hand? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the thumb? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following muscles performs an action in the frontal plane? A. Extensor indicis B. Extensor pollicis longus C. Extensor digitorum D. Abductor pollicis longus

D. Abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following are not actions of the pectoralis minor muscle? A. Abduction B. Downward rotation C. Depression D. Adduction

D. Adduction

Which of the following is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus? A. Base of 5 th metacarpal B. Base of distal phalanges C. Base of 3 rd metacarpal D. Base of 2 nd metacarpal

D. Base of 2nd metacarpal

Which of the following is an action of the latissimus dorsi muscle? A. Internal rotation B. External rotation C. Extension D. Both internal rotation and extension

D. Both internal rotation and extension

Muscles that primarily extend the elbow and supinate the forearm include all of the following except? A. Triceps brachii B. Anconeus C. Supinator D. Brachialis

D. Brachialis

All of the following are bony landmarks located on the humerus except? A. Lateral condyloid ridge B. Olecranon fossa C. Coronoid fossa D. Coronoid process

D. Coronoid process

Which of the following muscles performs abduction of the wrist? A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Extensor digitorum D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

Which of these muscles may be palpated just proximal to the dorsal aspect of the wrist? A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor pollicis longus D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

D. Extensor carpi radialis longus

Which of the following glenohumeral motions is often restricted leading to a higher risk of injury among overhead throwers? A. Abduction B. Flexion C. External rotation D. Internal rotation

D. Internal rotation

Which of the following is not a muscle of the rotator cuff group? A. Supraspinatus B. Infraspinatus C. Teres minor D. Intrascapularis

D. Intrascapularis

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "recovery phase" of sports skills? A. Used after follow-through to regain balance B. Needed to get repositioned for the next possible sport movement C. Not needed in some sports activities D. Involves more total force production by muscles than any other phase except for the movement phase

D. Involves more total force production by muscles than any other phase except for the movement phase

Which of the following is the origin of the supinator muscle? A. Medial epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna B. Medial epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the radius C. Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the radius D. Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna

D. Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and neighboring posterior part of the ulna

Which of the following is considered to be an extrinsic glenohumeral muscle? A. Deltoid B. Coracobrachialis C. Teres major D. Latissimus dorsi

D. Latissimus dorsi

Which of the following is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis? A. Proximal 3/4ths of the anterior and medial ulna B. Middle anterior surface of the radius C. Posterior aspect of the proximal ulna D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

D. Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Which of the following is not an origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle? A. Posterior crest of the ilium B. Back of the sacrum C. Spinous processes of the lumbar and lower six thoracic vertebrae D. Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

D. Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus

Which of the following is the insertion of the pronator teres muscle? A. Infraglenoid tubercle below the inferior lip of glenoid fossa of the scapula B. Upper half of the posterior surface of the humerus C. Distal 2/3 of the posterior surface of the humerus D. Middle 1/3 of the lateral surface of the radius

D. Middle 1/3 of the lateral surface of the radius

Which of the following muscles are agonists during a triceps extension? A. Brachialis B. Brachioradialis C. Biceps brachii D. None of the above choices is correct

D. None of the above choices is correct

Which of the following muscles are antagonists during an arm curl? A. Flexor carpi radialis B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor pollicis longus D. None of the above choices is correct

D. None of the above choices is correct

Which of the following is not an intrinsic glenohumeral muscle? A. Deltoid B. Coracobrachialis C. Teres major D. Pectoralis major

D. Pectoralis major

Which of the following muscles does not act in flexion of the elbow? A. Biceps brachii B. Brachialis C. Brachioradialis D. Pronator quadratus

D. Pronator quadratus

When viewed from the anatomical position which of the following is located on the anterior surface of the arm? A. Anconeus B. Supinator Teres C. Triceps Brachii D. Pronator teres

D. Pronator teres

Which of the following muscles is located most anteriorly on the human body? A. Rhomboids B. Levator scapulae C. Trapezius D. Serratus anterior

D. Serratus anterior

Which of the following anatomical landmarks is located on the anterior surface of the scapula? A. Glenoid fossa B. Infraspinatus fossa C. Supraspinatus fossa D. Subscapular fossa

D. Subscapular fossa

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the pushing phase of a push-up? A. The wrist and hand perform extension B. The elbow performs flexion C. The shoulder performs horizontal abduction D. The shoulder girdle performs abduction

D. The shoulder girdle performs abduction

With respect to the agonist muscles involved in performing a shoulder pull which of the following statements is true? A. The wrist and hand perform concentric flexion B. The elbow joint performs eccentric extension C. The shoulder joint performs concentric adduction D. The shoulder girdle performs isometric adduction

D. The shoulder girdle performs isometric adduction

Which of the following muscles perform both elevation and depression? A. Pectoralis minor B. Serratus anterior C. Rhomboids D. Trapezius

D. Trapezius

Raising the humerus high out to the side to ask a question involves which of the following scapula motions? A. Abduction B. Adduction C. Elevation D. Upward rotation

D. Upward rotation

Which of the following are actions associated with the shoulder girdle? A. Abduction, horizontal adduction, and flexion B. Internal rotation, extension, and adduction C. Horizontal adduction, depression, and abduction D. Upward rotation, abduction, and elevation

D. Upward rotation, abduction, and elevation

Actions of the brachioradialis muscle include all of the following except? A. Flexion of the elbow B. Pronation from a supinated position to neutral C. Supination from pronated position to neutral D. Weak flexion of the shoulder

D. Weak flexion of the shoulder

Which one of the following may not be determined from viewing an activity from an analysis perspective? A. Which muscles that are performing the movement B. Which type of contraction is occurring C. Which kind of exercises are appropriate for developing the muscles D. Which angle of movement will produce the greatest force

D. Which angle of movement will produce the greatest force

The push-up and bench press are similar in that they both strengthen the _____. A. elbow extensors B. glenohumeral flexors and horizontal adductors C. shoulder girdle protractors D. all of the above

D. all of the above

An action common to the latissimus dorsi, teres major, and lower pectoralis major is _____. A. abduction B. extension C. external rotation D. flexion

D. flexion

Proximal interphalangeal joint motion occurs about the _____ axis. A. transverse B. longitudinal C. sagittal D. frontal

D. frontal

All of the following are open chain exercises except for _____. A. dumbbell bent-over row B. triceps curl C. barbell press D. push-up

D. push-up

Emphasizing the end of a push-up by exaggerating shoulder girdle protraction is an excellent strengthening exercise for the _____. A. levator scapula B. trapezius C. rhomboids D. serratus anterior

D. serratus anterior

The dumbbell bent-over row is an excellent shoulder girdle exercise due to its work on the _____. A. levator scapula B. pectoralis minor C. rhomboids D. serratus anterior

D. serratus anterior

The most commonly injured ligament in the elbow due to throwing is the _____. A. annular ligament B. radial collateral ligament C. radioulnar ligament D. ulnar collateral ligament

D. ulnar collateral ligament