Anatomy and Physiology Ch. 5

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the spinal column

5

What are the long bones of the forearm

Radius and ulna

What is the periosteum

The fibrous covering of the diaphysis

How many cervical vertebrae are in the spinal column

7

Starting at the superior end of the vertebral column, name the type of vertebrae in order.

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx

What two bones attach the arm to the axial skeleton

Clavicle and scapula

What type of bone is dense and highly organized

Compact bone

What is the function of the spinous and transverse process of the vertebrae

Attachment points for tendons and ligaments

What are the two major divisions of the human body

Axial and appendicular

What is a sinus

Cavities within the bone

What are Osteoclasts

Cells that break down bone

What are Osteoblasts

Cells that build bone

What type of vertebrae are the axis and atlas

Cervical

What type of fracture causes a crack in the bone

Hairline

What are sinuses lined with

Mucous membranes

What type of joint has a joint cavity

Synovial joints

What is the proximal long bone of the arm

Humerus

How many thoracic vertebrae are in the spinal column

12

What describes a short bone

A bone that is not longer than it is wide

What describes a flat bone

A bone that looks like a sheet of modeling clay molded over an object

What is lordosis

An exaggerated curvature of the lumbar vertebrae

What is the function of the vertebral foramen

An opening that allows the spinal cord to pass through the vertebrae

What allows the ribs to attach to the thoracic vertebrae

Costal facets

What describes the shaft of the long bone

Diaphysis

What is kyphosis

Exaggerated abnormal curvature of the thoracic vertebrae

What is the name of the of the large opening in the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord to exit the cranial cavity

Foramen magnum

Compression of the intervertebral disc causing the disc to bulge out laterally is called what

Herniated disc

What type of bone is the sphenoid bone

Irregular

What type of bone is a vertebra

Irregular bone

Which type of synovial joint has concave surfaces of the bones that articulate with one another

Saddle

What is the most common abnormal curvature of the spine

Scoliosis

What type of bone resembles a sesame seed and grows in tendons where there is a lot of friction

Sesamoid bones

What part of the sternum can be broken during CPR

Xyphoid process

What type of bone marrow is located in the cavity of mature long bones

Yellow