Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 1 Learnsmart

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the visceral pleura

covers the external surface of the lungs

Peritoneum

digestive organs

receptors

free nerve endings in the skin detect cold

pericardium

heart

control center

hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature

Regional anatomy

if one is studying the axillary (armpit area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissues and skin, which one of the following types of anatomy is being studied?

posterior

in terms of anatomic directional terms, ______ means in back of or toward the back surface

muscular system

produces body movement and heat

integumentary system

provides protection, regulates body temperature, prevents water loss

skeletal system

provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis

homeostasis

refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions

vertebral

the ______ canal contains the spinal cord

tarsal

the anatomical term for ankle is

occipital

the anatomical term for back of the head is

gluteal

the anatomical term for buttock

Buccal

the anatomical term for cheek is

Pectoral

the anatomical term for chest is

mental

the anatomical term for chin is

Pes

the anatomical term for foot is

coxal

the anatomical term for hip is

lumbar

the anatomical term for lower back is

nasal

the anatomical term for nose is

perineal

the anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is

Hallux

the anatomical term for the great toe is

receptor

the component of homeostasis, called the ______, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is wither the substance or process that is regulated

ventral

the correct anatomic directional term for " at the belly side of the human body" is

cranial

the correct anatomic directional term for " at the head end is" is

superior

the correct anatomic directional term for " closer to the head" is

rostral

the correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is

fibular refers to

the lateral aspect of the leg

mediastinum

the median space in the thoracic cavity is called the

pariental peritoneum

the outer layer of serous membrane, lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity

Reproduction

the production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of

true

true or false: physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work

true

true or false: the wrist is distal to the elbow

transverse

A ______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

breast

Mammary is to ______ as brachial is to arm

inferior

the abdomen is ______ to the head

Sagittal plane

which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?

pathologic anatomy

which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?

True

True or False: although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible

true

True or False: as the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex

effectors

blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver

homeostasis

body temperature returns to normal

control center

is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.

pleura

lungs

anabolism, catabolism

metabolism consists of both ______ in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules

elbow

vertebral is to spinal column as olecranon is to

anatomic position

visualizing the body in the ______ ______ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions

anterior

which directional term means "toward the front surface"

application of extremely hot temperature to the skin

which of the following is not an example of metabolic activities? -breakdown of ingested nutrients -expulsion of wastes from the body -contraction and relaxation of muscles -application of extremely hot temperature to the skin

coronal

a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

nervous system

controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

regulation

one of the most important characteristic of living things, involves mechanisms within an organism that maintain a consistent internal environment, also called a "steady stat"

Manus

the anatomical term for the hand is

tibial

the anatomical term for the medical aspect of the leg, between the knee and ankle, is

crural

the anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is

femoral

the anatomical term for thigh is

Carpal

the anatomical term for wrist is

oblique

the minor plane known as the ______ plane passes through the specimen at an angle

changes in blood pressure when exercising, changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2

which are examples of negative feedback regulation?

anterior

which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?

set

negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point

Abdominal

on the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the ______ region

receptor

perceives a stimulus

atoms,molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells

rank the following terms from simplest to most complex: molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells,atoms

frontal

the anatomical term for forehead is

Superficial

which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin"

organization, metabolism, growth and development

which of the following are characteristics of all living thing? organization, organ system, metabolism, tissues, growth and development

Gross anatomy

which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of the body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?

Midsagittal

which of the following planes would divide the head into a left half and the right half (each containing one eye, one ear, and half of the nose and mouth)?

Axial region

which region of the body includes the head, neck and trunk?

Pathophysiology

which subdivision of physiology is best described as investigation the relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury of the organ system?

false

True or False: the nose is lateral to the eyes

physiology

______ examines the function of various organ systems

physiology

______ is the discipline in which the function of the body structures is the focus

shoulder

cephalic is to head as deltoid is to

stimulus

cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal

control center

integrates input and initiates change

the brain only

organs of the cranial cavity include

Comparative anatomy

what subdiscipline of anatomy may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps?

anatomy

______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs

visceral

a ______ layer covers the external surface of organs

parietal

a ______ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall

midsagittal

a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right halves

responsiveness

a stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hard from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of

chemical level is

composed of atoms and molecules, the simplest level of organization

Anatomists

examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.

opposite

in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the ______ direction of the stimulus. what word below makes this sentence true? same , opposite

posterior

in regards to the axial region, the ______ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone

stomach and liver

organs of the abdominal cavity include the

Physiologist

scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called

effector

the ______ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus

Calcaneal

the anatomical term for heel is

Umbilical

the anatomical term for navel is

pubic

the anatomical term for the anterior region of the pelvis is

sural

the anatomical term for the calf area is

parietal pericardium

the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the

Peritoneum

the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the

to dissect, to cut apart

the word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?

positive feedback

when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, its best as described as

the eyes look forward, and the head is level

which is an accurate description of the anatomic position


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