Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 1 Learnsmart
the visceral pleura
covers the external surface of the lungs
Peritoneum
digestive organs
receptors
free nerve endings in the skin detect cold
pericardium
heart
control center
hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature
Regional anatomy
if one is studying the axillary (armpit area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissues and skin, which one of the following types of anatomy is being studied?
posterior
in terms of anatomic directional terms, ______ means in back of or toward the back surface
muscular system
produces body movement and heat
integumentary system
provides protection, regulates body temperature, prevents water loss
skeletal system
provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis
homeostasis
refers to the body's ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions
vertebral
the ______ canal contains the spinal cord
tarsal
the anatomical term for ankle is
occipital
the anatomical term for back of the head is
gluteal
the anatomical term for buttock
Buccal
the anatomical term for cheek is
Pectoral
the anatomical term for chest is
mental
the anatomical term for chin is
Pes
the anatomical term for foot is
coxal
the anatomical term for hip is
lumbar
the anatomical term for lower back is
nasal
the anatomical term for nose is
perineal
the anatomical term for the diamond-shaped region between the thighs that contains the anus and selected external reproductive organs is
Hallux
the anatomical term for the great toe is
receptor
the component of homeostasis, called the ______, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is wither the substance or process that is regulated
ventral
the correct anatomic directional term for " at the belly side of the human body" is
cranial
the correct anatomic directional term for " at the head end is" is
superior
the correct anatomic directional term for " closer to the head" is
rostral
the correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the nose" is
fibular refers to
the lateral aspect of the leg
mediastinum
the median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
pariental peritoneum
the outer layer of serous membrane, lines the internal walls of the abdominopelvic cavity
Reproduction
the production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of
true
true or false: physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work
true
true or false: the wrist is distal to the elbow
transverse
A ______ plane separates the body into superior and inferior parts.
breast
Mammary is to ______ as brachial is to arm
inferior
the abdomen is ______ to the head
Sagittal plane
which anatomic plane, one that extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions, is often used to show internal body parts, especially in the head and thoracic organs?
pathologic anatomy
which of the following examines anatomic changes resulting from disease?
True
True or False: although there is only one midsagittal plane, an infinite number of sagittal planes are possible
true
True or False: as the human body grows in size, structures such as the brain become more complex
effectors
blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver
homeostasis
body temperature returns to normal
control center
is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.
pleura
lungs
anabolism, catabolism
metabolism consists of both ______ in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules
elbow
vertebral is to spinal column as olecranon is to
anatomic position
visualizing the body in the ______ ______ is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions
anterior
which directional term means "toward the front surface"
application of extremely hot temperature to the skin
which of the following is not an example of metabolic activities? -breakdown of ingested nutrients -expulsion of wastes from the body -contraction and relaxation of muscles -application of extremely hot temperature to the skin
coronal
a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
nervous system
controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication
regulation
one of the most important characteristic of living things, involves mechanisms within an organism that maintain a consistent internal environment, also called a "steady stat"
Manus
the anatomical term for the hand is
tibial
the anatomical term for the medical aspect of the leg, between the knee and ankle, is
crural
the anatomical term for the portion of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle is
femoral
the anatomical term for thigh is
Carpal
the anatomical term for wrist is
oblique
the minor plane known as the ______ plane passes through the specimen at an angle
changes in blood pressure when exercising, changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2
which are examples of negative feedback regulation?
anterior
which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?
set
negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point
Abdominal
on the anterior surface of the body, the anatomical term for the region inferior to the thorax and superior to the hip bones is the ______ region
receptor
perceives a stimulus
atoms,molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells
rank the following terms from simplest to most complex: molecules,macromolecules,organelles,cells,atoms
frontal
the anatomical term for forehead is
Superficial
which anatomic directional term means "on the outside" or "toward the skin"
organization, metabolism, growth and development
which of the following are characteristics of all living thing? organization, organ system, metabolism, tissues, growth and development
Gross anatomy
which of the following describes an investigation of the structure and relationships of the body parts that are visible to the unaided eye?
Midsagittal
which of the following planes would divide the head into a left half and the right half (each containing one eye, one ear, and half of the nose and mouth)?
Axial region
which region of the body includes the head, neck and trunk?
Pathophysiology
which subdivision of physiology is best described as investigation the relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury of the organ system?
false
True or False: the nose is lateral to the eyes
physiology
______ examines the function of various organ systems
physiology
______ is the discipline in which the function of the body structures is the focus
shoulder
cephalic is to head as deltoid is to
stimulus
cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal
control center
integrates input and initiates change
the brain only
organs of the cranial cavity include
Comparative anatomy
what subdiscipline of anatomy may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps?
anatomy
______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs
visceral
a ______ layer covers the external surface of organs
parietal
a ______ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall
midsagittal
a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right halves
responsiveness
a stimulus to the skin of the hand causes someone to withdraw their hard from the stimulus to prevent damage; this is an example of
chemical level is
composed of atoms and molecules, the simplest level of organization
Anatomists
examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.
opposite
in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the ______ direction of the stimulus. what word below makes this sentence true? same , opposite
posterior
in regards to the axial region, the ______ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone
stomach and liver
organs of the abdominal cavity include the
Physiologist
scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease are called
effector
the ______ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus
Calcaneal
the anatomical term for heel is
Umbilical
the anatomical term for navel is
pubic
the anatomical term for the anterior region of the pelvis is
sural
the anatomical term for the calf area is
parietal pericardium
the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the
Peritoneum
the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity is called the
to dissect, to cut apart
the word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?
positive feedback
when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, its best as described as
the eyes look forward, and the head is level
which is an accurate description of the anatomic position