Anatomy and Physiology: Practice test questions muscle unit

The prime mover of arm abduction is the ________ muscle.

deltoid

Which one of the following muscles is involved in abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint?

deltoid

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion 15) Type of movement that decreases the angle of the joint

flexion

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

hematopoiesis

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion Type of movement that turns the sole of the foot medially

inversion

5) Smooth muscle cells are ________.

involuntary

A sarcomere is ________.

the contractile unit between two Z discs

Endomysium covers ________.

an individual muscle cell

During skeletal muscle contraction, myosin heads attach to binding sites associated with ________.

actin filaments

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion Electrical current that travels the length of the muscle

action potential

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion 17) The movement of a limb toward the body midline

adduction

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion Primary action of the adductor muscles

adduction

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion Primary action of the deltoid

adduction

The movement opposite to abduction is ________.

adduction

Cardiac and skeletal muscle both possess striations. T/F

True

When a skeletal muscle is fully contracted, the ________ are closer to the thick filaments.

Z discs

Acetylcholine is ________.

a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle

A) flexion B) extension C) rotation D) adduction E) plantar flexion F) supination G) abduction H) inversion The movement of a limb away from the body midline

abduction

While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called ________.

abduction

Specific neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle cells A) calcium ions B) acetylcholine C) synaptic cleft D) sodium ions E) acetylcholinesterase F) action potential

acetylcholine

Neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the ________.

axon terminals of the motor neuron

Which of the following muscles closes the jaw?

both masseter and temporalis

Why are calcium ions necessary for skeletal muscle contraction?

calcium triggers the binding of myosin to actin

A neuromuscular junction consists of one neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates. T/F

false

Bundles of muscle fibers are known as aponeuroses. T/F

false

Thick filaments are made of a protein called actin. T/F

false

A motor neuron and all of the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates are termed a ________.

motor unit

One neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates is known as a ________.

motor unit

The muscle that closes each eye is the ________.

orbicularis oculi

The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.

sarcolemma

Which of the following can actually shorten during a muscle contraction?

sarcomere

An elaborate and specialized network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that function in

sarcoplasmic reticulum

What is the origin of the deltoid muscle?

scapular spine and clavicle

a. smooth muscle tissue B) skeletal muscle tissue C) cardiac muscle tissue 1) Voluntary muscle tissue

skeletal muscle tissue

The gap between the axon terminal of a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.

synaptic cleft

The gap between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber it supplies at the neuromuscular junction is called the ________.

synaptic cleft

The sarcoplasmic reticulum wraps like a sleeve around the myofibril and stores and releases calcium. T/F

true

The striations seen in skeletal muscle are actually alternating dark A and light I bands. T/F

true

Striated involuntary muscle tissue found in the heart is ________.

cardiac muscle

5) Muscle tissue composed of branching cells and intercalated discs a. smooth muscle tissue B) skeletal muscle tissue C) cardiac muscle tissue

cardiac muscle tissue

Muscle tissue found only in the heart a. smooth muscle tissue B) skeletal muscle tissue C) cardiac muscle tissue

cardiac muscle tissue

The heads of the myosin myofilaments are called ________ when they link the thick and thin filaments together during skeletal muscle contraction.

cross bridges

Sandra is playing the piano for her recital. Which muscle is NOT involved in the movement of her hands and/or fingers ________.

extensor digitorum longus

Which one of the following is composed of myosin protein?

thick filaments

Cross bridges are created when myosin heads bind to ________.

thin filaments

Aerobic respiration requires the use of oxygen to generate ATP. T/F

true

Aerobic, or endurance, exercise involves jogging or biking. T/F

true

All types of muscle have endomysium covering individual muscle cells. T/F

true

The neurotransmitter used by the nervous system to activate skeletal muscle cells is acetylcholine. T/F

true