Anatomy Ch 1 and 2

Electrolyte

A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called an

Childbirth

A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be:

Effector.

A feedback system consists of three basic components: a control center, a receptor, and a

Right and left halves

A mid-sagittal plane divides the body into

Palms against the lateral sides of the thighs

A person in anatomical position will exhibit ALL of the following EXCEPT

Superior and inferior portions

A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into

May not be used in criminal investigation

All of the following are true of a post-mortem examination, except:

Protons in the nucleus

An atom of one element is distinguished from an atom of another element by the number of:

Tissues

An organ is a structure that has a recognizable shape, has specific functions, and is composed on two or more different types of

Palpation

Assessment of body structure and function by touching body surfaces with the hands is called

Structure determines function Form (structure) follows function

Best indication for the relationship between structure and function

Superior

Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The heart is _____ to the liver.

Anterior

Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The sternum is ____ to the heart.

Performing an autopsy

Diagnosis of disease usually involves all of the following except

Symtoms

During a visit to your doctor, you complain about headaches and nausea. These changes in your body functions are considered to be

Differentiation

During the process of development of the skeletal system, embryonic cells, known as mesenchyme cells, may develop into either osteoblasts or chondroblasts, which, in turn, may develop into osteocytes and chondrocytes (respectively). This process is an example of

Responsiveness

Feeling the presence of a mosquito biting your arm is an example of

Muscular system

Generation of heat (thermogenesis) is a function of the

Gross anatomists

Grant and Gray made extensive studies of the structure of the entire human body and produced atlases documenting their work. Grant and Gray were

A relatively stable internal environment, within limits.

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains

Positive.

If a response enhances the original stimulus, the system is classified as ______ feedback system.

Electrons are exchanged or shared to make atoms more stable

In a chemical reaction,

Chemical

In order to discuss the details of the metabolism of a cell, which level of structural organization would it be most helpful to understand?

Between the cells.

Interstitial fluid is the fluid

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organization

Levels of organization in decreasing order of complexity

Physiologists

Many scientists and physicians devote their lives to understanding how the body works. These researchers are called

Signs

Objective changes in a patient's normal body function that can be directly observed or measured by a clinician are referred to as

Cell

The basic structural and functional unit of an organism

Cardiovascular system

The body system that distributes oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells is the

Cranial cavity

The brain is located in the

Polar covalent bonds

The chemical bonds formed between the atoms in a water molecule are called

O, C, H, N

The four elements making up about 96% of the body's mass are represented by the symbols:

Atom

The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties and characteristics of an element is the:

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as

Urinary system

The system that plays the major role in regulating the volume and chemical composition of blood, eliminating wastes, and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance is the

Head

The term cephalic refers to the

Nervous and endocrine systems

The two body systems that regulate homeostasis are the

Armpit

The word axillary refers to the

Back of the knee

The word popliteal refers to the

Pelvic cavity

This cavity is located inferior to the abdominal cavity.

Superficial

This directional term is the opposite of deep

Distal

This directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure.

Lateral

This directional term means farther from the midline.

Energy

This is defined as the capacity to do work

Frontal

This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

Mid-sagittal

This plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Covalent

This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms

Synthesis

This type of chemical reaction combines reactants to produce larger products.

Growth

Tom has been lifting weights. as a result of the physical work, his muscle cells have added proteins and become larger. Which of the following terms best describes this increase in size?

Serves as a medium for most chemical reactions in the body.

Water

Pericardial cavity

Which cavity contains the heart?

Inguinal

Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the groin?

Hair, skin and nails

Which of the following are considered part of the integumentary system?

Sinus infection, ulcer

Which of the following are examples of a local disease?

It transmits regulatory signals via the release of hormones into the blood

Which of the following best describes the endocrine system?

The urinary bladder is inferior to the stomach

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the urinary bladder and the stomach?

Disease or disorder

Which of the following cannot be present if homeostasis is maintained

Electrons only

Which of the following carry a negative charge?

N2

Which of the following does NOT indicate a compound?

The concentration of the reactants, the temperature, and the presence of catalysts or enzymes.

Which of the following influence the rate of a chemical reaction?

Lifting weights and gaining muscle mass - Mineral deposits accumulating between bone cells to cause a bone to lengthen

Which of the following is an example of the basic life process called growth?

The fluid inside cells.

Which of the following is not considered to be an extracellular fluid?

It provides support and protection

Which of the following is true regarding the skeletal system?

Atoms tend to react so that they acquire eight electrons in their outer-most shell

Which of the following is true?

The spine is medial and posterior to the lungs

Which of the following most correctly describes the relationship between the spine and the lungs?

Examining the surface of patient's skin for presence of a rash

Which of the following noninvasive diagnostic techniques is an example of inspection?

Diaphragm

Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity?

Organismal level

Which of the following represents the largest and most complex level of structural organization in the human body?

Palm of the hand

Which of the following structures or regions could you clearly see when you are viewing the anterior side of an individual standing in the standard anatomical position?

Nausea

Which of the following would be considered a symptom of disease?

Each organ is isolated from all other body systems

Which statement is not true concerning characteristics of life?

Exercise physiology

Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of changes in organ functions due to muscular activity?

Renal physiology

Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functions of the kidneys?

Immunology

Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the body's defense against disease-causing agents?

Neurophysiology

Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the functional properties of nerve cells?