Anatomy Ch 1 and 2
Electrolyte
A chemical that can conduct electrical current when dissolved in water is called an
Childbirth
A condition NOT regulated by a negative feedback loop would be:
Effector.
A feedback system consists of three basic components: a control center, a receptor, and a
Right and left halves
A mid-sagittal plane divides the body into
Palms against the lateral sides of the thighs
A person in anatomical position will exhibit ALL of the following EXCEPT
Superior and inferior portions
A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into
May not be used in criminal investigation
All of the following are true of a post-mortem examination, except:
Protons in the nucleus
An atom of one element is distinguished from an atom of another element by the number of:
Tissues
An organ is a structure that has a recognizable shape, has specific functions, and is composed on two or more different types of
Palpation
Assessment of body structure and function by touching body surfaces with the hands is called
Structure determines function Form (structure) follows function
Best indication for the relationship between structure and function
Superior
Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The heart is _____ to the liver.
Anterior
Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The sternum is ____ to the heart.
Performing an autopsy
Diagnosis of disease usually involves all of the following except
Symtoms
During a visit to your doctor, you complain about headaches and nausea. These changes in your body functions are considered to be
Differentiation
During the process of development of the skeletal system, embryonic cells, known as mesenchyme cells, may develop into either osteoblasts or chondroblasts, which, in turn, may develop into osteocytes and chondrocytes (respectively). This process is an example of
Responsiveness
Feeling the presence of a mosquito biting your arm is an example of
Muscular system
Generation of heat (thermogenesis) is a function of the
Gross anatomists
Grant and Gray made extensive studies of the structure of the entire human body and produced atlases documenting their work. Grant and Gray were
A relatively stable internal environment, within limits.
Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains
Positive.
If a response enhances the original stimulus, the system is classified as ______ feedback system.
Electrons are exchanged or shared to make atoms more stable
In a chemical reaction,
Chemical
In order to discuss the details of the metabolism of a cell, which level of structural organization would it be most helpful to understand?
Between the cells.
Interstitial fluid is the fluid
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organization
Levels of organization in decreasing order of complexity
Physiologists
Many scientists and physicians devote their lives to understanding how the body works. These researchers are called
Signs
Objective changes in a patient's normal body function that can be directly observed or measured by a clinician are referred to as
Cell
The basic structural and functional unit of an organism
Cardiovascular system
The body system that distributes oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells is the
Cranial cavity
The brain is located in the
Polar covalent bonds
The chemical bonds formed between the atoms in a water molecule are called
O, C, H, N
The four elements making up about 96% of the body's mass are represented by the symbols:
Atom
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties and characteristics of an element is the:
Metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as
Urinary system
The system that plays the major role in regulating the volume and chemical composition of blood, eliminating wastes, and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance is the
Head
The term cephalic refers to the
Nervous and endocrine systems
The two body systems that regulate homeostasis are the
Armpit
The word axillary refers to the
Back of the knee
The word popliteal refers to the
Pelvic cavity
This cavity is located inferior to the abdominal cavity.
Superficial
This directional term is the opposite of deep
Distal
This directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure.
Lateral
This directional term means farther from the midline.
Energy
This is defined as the capacity to do work
Frontal
This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Mid-sagittal
This plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.
Covalent
This type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electrons between two atoms
Synthesis
This type of chemical reaction combines reactants to produce larger products.
Growth
Tom has been lifting weights. as a result of the physical work, his muscle cells have added proteins and become larger. Which of the following terms best describes this increase in size?
Serves as a medium for most chemical reactions in the body.
Water
Pericardial cavity
Which cavity contains the heart?
Inguinal
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the groin?
Hair, skin and nails
Which of the following are considered part of the integumentary system?
Sinus infection, ulcer
Which of the following are examples of a local disease?
It transmits regulatory signals via the release of hormones into the blood
Which of the following best describes the endocrine system?
The urinary bladder is inferior to the stomach
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the urinary bladder and the stomach?
Disease or disorder
Which of the following cannot be present if homeostasis is maintained
Electrons only
Which of the following carry a negative charge?
N2
Which of the following does NOT indicate a compound?
The concentration of the reactants, the temperature, and the presence of catalysts or enzymes.
Which of the following influence the rate of a chemical reaction?
Lifting weights and gaining muscle mass - Mineral deposits accumulating between bone cells to cause a bone to lengthen
Which of the following is an example of the basic life process called growth?
The fluid inside cells.
Which of the following is not considered to be an extracellular fluid?
It provides support and protection
Which of the following is true regarding the skeletal system?
Atoms tend to react so that they acquire eight electrons in their outer-most shell
Which of the following is true?
The spine is medial and posterior to the lungs
Which of the following most correctly describes the relationship between the spine and the lungs?
Examining the surface of patient's skin for presence of a rash
Which of the following noninvasive diagnostic techniques is an example of inspection?
Diaphragm
Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity?
Organismal level
Which of the following represents the largest and most complex level of structural organization in the human body?
Palm of the hand
Which of the following structures or regions could you clearly see when you are viewing the anterior side of an individual standing in the standard anatomical position?
Nausea
Which of the following would be considered a symptom of disease?
Each organ is isolated from all other body systems
Which statement is not true concerning characteristics of life?
Exercise physiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of changes in organ functions due to muscular activity?
Renal physiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functions of the kidneys?
Immunology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the body's defense against disease-causing agents?
Neurophysiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the functional properties of nerve cells?