Anatomy Chapter 18 Dynamic Study Modules (All)
Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "D"
AV bundle (bundle of His)
Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "B"
AV node
What term describes an area of the heart conduction system where the impulse is delayed for 0.1 sec?
AV node
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: left atrium and left ventricle
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
Which of the following factors gives the myocardium its high resistance to fatigue? The presence of intercalated discs The coronary circulation Gap junctions Large number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm
Large number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm
The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the ______________
Left and right ventricles
Into which chamber of the heart do the pulmonary veins deliver blood?
Left atrium
The left ventricle receives blood from the ________________
Left atrium
What is the 'destination' of the pulmonary veins?
Left atrium
Freshly oxygenated blood is delivered to the _____________ and then it passes into the ____________ to be pumped to the entire body
Left atrium; left ventricle
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "A"
Left coronary artery
Identify the posterior surface heart structure indicated by "B"
Left pulmonary veins
The walls of the __________ are thicker than the walls of any other heart chamber
Left ventricle
Which term describes an area of the heart conduction system with the fastest depolarizing pacemaker cells? AV bundle SA node Bundle branches Subendocardial conducting network AV node
SA node
Match the following term with its correct description: atrial depolarization P wave QT interval T wave QRS complex
P wave
What muscles prevent the atrioventricular valves from everting during ventricular contraction?
Papillary muscles
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "B"
Parietal layer of serous pericardium
The inner lining of the fibrous pericardium is formed by the ___________
Parietal layer of serous pericardium
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "C"
Pericardial cavity
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "F"
Posterior interventricular artery
Match the following term with its correct description: aortic semilunar valve Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle
Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle
Match the following term with its correct description: pulmonary semilunar valve Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: right ventricle
Pulmonary semilunar valve
The right ventricle sends blood into the _____________
Pulmonary trunk
The left atrium receives blood from what structure?
Pulmonary veins
Match the given term with its correct description: ventricular depolarization T wave AV node QRS complex P wave SA node
QRS complex
The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the ________________
Right atrium
The right ventricle receives blood from what structure?
Right atrium
Identify the correct sequence of blood flow through the chambers of the heart
Right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "C"
Right coronary artery
Identify the posterior surface heart structure indicated by "A"
Right pulmonary artery
During pulmonary circulation, blood leaves the ______________
Right ventricle and moves to the lungs
Match the following term to its correct description: posterior interventricular artery Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles Runs to the apex of the heart
Runs to the apex of the heart
Identify the part of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "A"
SA node
The normal pacemaker of the heart is the ______________
SA node
What is the correct sequence of current flow through the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?
SA node, AV node, AV bundle, right and left bundle branches, subendocardial conducting network
What structure lies on the outside surface of the heart and is an integral part of the heart wall?
The epicardium
Which of the following statements is not true about the shape, position, and location of the heart? Approximately 2/3 of the heart is found to the left of the midline The heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane The heart is located between the two lungs within the mediastinum The heart is shaped like a cone with the base facing the right shoulder
The heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane
What part of the heart is considered the systemic circuit pump?
The left ventricle
Match the following structure with its description: serous pericardium Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart Thin, slippery, two-layered membrane Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer) Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart
Thin, slippery, two-layered membrane
Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "B"
Ventricular depolarization
Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "C"
Ventricular repolarization
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "E"
Myocardium
The trabecular carneae are located in the ______________
Ventricles
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "D"
Anastomosis
What is the purpose of the chord tendineae?
Anchor the AV valves in the closed position
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "E"
Anterior interventricular artery
The coronary arteries receive blood from the ____________
Aorta
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: left ventricle and aorta
Aortic semilunar valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: left ventricle
Aortic semilunar valve
The superior chambers of the heart are called the ______________
Atria
Identify the part of the ECG indicated by "A"
Atrial depolarization
The P wave of an electrocardiogram represents _____________
Atrial depolarization
The ability of some cardiac muscle cells to initiate their own depolarization and cause depolarization of the rest of the heart is called ______________
Automaticity
What makes the heart valves open and close?
Blood pressure
Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "E"
Bundle branches
The _____________ are attached to the AV valve flaps
Chordae tendineae
Identify the vessel of coronary circulation indicated by "B"
Circumflex artery
The second heart sound (the 'dup' of 'lib-dup') is caused by the ___________
Closure of the semilunar valves
Match the following term to its description: systole Contraction The volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute Relaxation The events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat
Contraction
The vessels that carry oxygen to the myocardium are called ______________
Coronary arteries
Identify the posterior surface heart structure indicated by "D"
Coronary sinus
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "F"
Endocardium
The lining of the heart chambers is called the __________
Endocardium
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "D"
Epicardium
What is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the outer layer?
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Identify the pericardial structure indicated by "A"
Fibrous pericardium
The cells of the myocardium behave as a single, coordinated unit called a _________________
Functional syncytium
Match the following structure with its description: endocardium Thin, slippery, two-layer membrane Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart Inner layer of pericardium Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle
Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart
Identify the posterior surface heart structure indicated by "C"
Great cardiac vein
Match the following structure with its description: epicardium Thin, slippery, two-layer membrane Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer) Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the outside of the heart
Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer)
Which of the following is not a role of the pericardium? It prevents the heart from overfilling with blood It anchors the heart to surrounding structures It facilitates heart contraction It protects the heart
It facilitates heart contraction
During systemic circulation, blood leaves the ____________
Left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta
When the mitral valve closes, it prevents the backflow of blood from the ______________
Left ventricle into the left atrium
Match the following structure with its description: fibrous pericardium Thin, slippery, two-layer membrane Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer) Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart
Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart
Guided by powerful signaling molecules, the human heart develops from ____________
Mesoderm
Identify the posterior surface heart structure indicated by "E"
Middle cardiac vein
Match the following structure with its description: myocardium Glistening white sheet of endothelium lining the inside of the heart Thin, slippery, two-layer membrane Loosely fitting superficial part of the sac enclosing the heart Inner layer of pericardium (called the visceral layer) Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle
Middle layer of the heart, composed mainly of cardiac muscle
Failure of which heart valve would allow blood to move from the left ventricle to the left atrium?
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: left atrium
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
The role of the atrioventricular node (AV node) is to ______________
Slow down impulses so that the atria can contract to fill the adjacent ventricles with blood
The endocardium is composed of ______________
Squamous epithelium
A condition in which the valve flaps of the heart become stiff and constrict the opening is called _________
Stenosis
Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system indicated by "C"
Subendocardial conducting network
Match the following term to its correct description: anterior interventricular artery Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles Runs to the apex of the heart
Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles
Match the following term to its correct description: right marginal artery Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles Runs to the apex of the heart
Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium
Which of the following phrases describes the circumflex artery? Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricle Supplies blood to the lateral right side of the myocardium Supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles Runs apex to the heart
Supplies blood to the left atrium and posterior walls of the left ventricles
Match the following term with its correct description: ventricular repolarization QRS complex T wave AV node P wave SA node
T wave
What valve is most often faulty in the heart?
The mitral, or bicuspid, valve
The absolute refractory period refers to the time during which _____________
The muscle cell is not in a position to respond to a stimulus of any strength
Match the following term to its correct description: stroke volume The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute Contraction The volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat Relaxation Circumflex artery The events associated with blood flow through the heart during one complete heartbeat
The volume of blood pumped by one ventricle with each heartbeat
Indicate the valve separating the following areas of the heart: right atrium and right ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Match the area of the heart with the "exit" through which the blood leaves: right atrium Aortic semilunar valve Tricuspid valve Bicuspid valve Pulmonary semilunar valve
Tricuspid valve
Which of the following phrases describes pulmonary veins? Smallest veins; collect blood from capillaries as it flows back toward heart Branches of pulmonary arteries; structurally like veins and venues, with thin walls and large lumens First vessel leaving the pulmonary side of the heart to carry blood to the lungs Area of exchange for oxygen and carbon dioxide Two from each lung carry blood into the left atrium
Two from each lung carry blood into the left atrium
What is a difference between cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?
Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle has gap junctions between cells (that allow them to be autorhythmic)
The ____________ nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the sinoatrial (SA) node
Vagus
Match the following term with its correct description: mitral valve Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle
Match the following term with its correct description: tricuspid valve Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle
The right atrium receives blood from what structure?
Vena cavae
