Anatomy Exam 2

The functions of skin include A. acting as a protective covering. B. housing sensory receptors. C. regulating body temperature. D. all of the above.

all of the above

Myasthenia gravis is A. an autoimmune disorder. B. a bacterial infection. C. a form of cancer. D. the result of injury.

an autoimmune disorder

The muscle that opposes a particular action is called the A. synergist. B. antagonist. C. agonist. D. prime mover.

antagonist

Apocrine sweat glands are most abundant on or in the A. forehead. B. axilla. C. neck. D. palms of the hands.

axilla

In which of the following is rotational movement possible? A. Ball-and-socket joint B. Condylar joint C. Hinge joint D. Pelvic joint

ball and socket joint

The soleus is a muscle that forms part of the A. calf. B. buttocks. C. thigh. D. shoulder.

calf

The atlas is one of the A. lumbar vertebrae. B. thoracic vertebrae. C. cervical vertebrae. D. sacral vertebrae.

cervical vertebrae

Blood vessels in the ___________ supply epidermal cells with nutrients. A. epidermis B. dermis C. stratum basale D. hair follicle

dermis

A movement that brings the foot closer to the shin is a(n) A. extension. B. abduction. C. plantar flexion. D. dorsiflexion.

dorsiflexion

The radial collateral ligament is associated with the A. hip joint. B. shoulder joint. C. knee joint. D. elbow joint

elbow joint

It is possible to determine if a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the A. diaphysis. B. medullary cavity. C. epiphyseal plate. D. articular cartilage.

epiphyseal plate

Blood with excess oxygen causes cyanosis. True False

false

The sternum develops in three parts: the lower manubrium, middle body, and upper xiphoid. True False

false

A suture is an example of a(n) A. fibrous joint. B. cartilagenous joint. C. synovial joint. D. plane joint.

fibrous joint

Which of the following groups of bones, based on shape, is associated with an incorrect example? A. Long bones - forearm bones B. Short bones - wrist and ankle bones C. Flat bones - thigh bones D. Irregular bones - vertebrae

flat bones-thigh bones

Pituitary dwarfism results from a decreased secretion of ______ , which as a result decreases the rate of cell division of ______. A. thyroid hormones; osteocytes in the periosteum B. growth hormone; fat cells in the medullary cavity C. thyroid hormones; osteoclasts in the compact bone D. growth hormone ; cartilage cells in the epiphyseal plate

growth hormone ; cartilage cells in the epiphyseal plate

Articular cartilage is A. fibrocartilage. B. found only in the knees and elbows. C. elastic cartilage. D. hyaline cartilage.

hyaline cartilage

The structures that connect cardiac muscle cells are A. intervertebral discs. B. neuromuscular junctions. C. intercalated discs. D. motor end plates.

intercalated discs

Exposure to ultraviolet light darkens skin by stimulating synthesis of A. melanin. B. carotene. C. hemoglobin. D. cyanin.

melanin

At a neuromuscular junction A. actin and myosin filaments slide past one another. B. troponin and tropomyosin exchange places. C. neurotransmitters are released. D. intercalated discs are synthesized.

neurotransmitters are released

Compact bone has ________, whereas spongy bone has __________. A. spaces that reduce the weight of bone; tightly packed matrix that is solid B. osteons; trabeculae C. trabeculae; osteons D. osteocytes; no osteocytes

osteons; trabeculae

Inflammation makes skin A. red, swollen and painful to touch. B. cool and clammy. C. secrete abundant antibodies. D. peel off.

red, swollen, and painful to touch

The layer of the epidermis that includes melanocytes and a single row of columnar cells that undergo mitosis is the A. stratum corneum. B. stratum granulosum. C. stratum spinosum. D. stratum basale.

stratum basale

All of the following are functions of bones except A. to protect certain internal organs. B. to provide a source for red and white blood cells. C. to provide a set point for the control of blood pressure and body temperature. D. to store inorganic salts.

to provide a set point for the control of blood pressure and body temperature.

A bone shaft is the diaphysis; the expanded parts at the ends are the epiphyses. True False

true

A styloid process is part of the ulna. True False

true

Endomysium separates individual muscle fibers from each other. True False

true

In a push-up, the elbow joint flexes as the person lowers. True False

true

The number of bones in most people is 206. True False

true

Skin cells play an important role in producing A. vitamin A. B. vitamin B. C. vitamin C. D. vitamin D.

vitamin D

Arrange the following steps of muscle fiber contraction in the correct sequence. 1. The muscle impulse reaches the sarcoplasmic reticulum and calcium is released. 2. Thin filaments are pulled over the thick filaments. 3. Calcium floods the sarcoplasm and binds to troponin molecules leaving active sites. 4. The impulse arrives at the synapse and travels through the transverse tubules. 5. The muscle fiber shortens and contracts. 6. Myosin heads bind to exposed active sites on actin, forming cross-bridges. A. 6, 3, 1, 4, 2, 5 B. 2, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6 C. 4, 1, 3, 6, 2, 5 D. 3, 5, 2, 1, 6, 4

4,1,3,6,2,5

__________ degrades acetylcholine, keeping it from accumulating in the synapse. A. ATPase B. Myosinase C. Actinase D. Acetylcholinesterase

Acetylcholinesterase

Which of the following is not a step in endochondral bone formation? A. Hyaline cartilage develops into the shape of the future bone. B. Periosteum forms from connective tissue outside the developing bone. C. Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue. D. Osteoblasts deposit osseous tissue in place of disintegrating cartilage.

Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue.

Which one of the following is true? A. Osteoblasts are large, multinucleated cells that break down calcified bone matrix. B. Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix around themselves and become osteocytes when they are isolated in lacunae. C. Osteoclasts secrete bone matrix and become osteoblasts. D. Osteoclasts deposit bone matrix around themselves and become osteocytes when they are isolated in lacunae.

Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix around themselves and become osteocytes when they are isolated in lacunae.

Which of the following is not correct concerning the skin? A. The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis. B. The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium. C. The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis. D. The dermis contains smooth muscle and nervous tissue.

The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis

The arrector pili muscle is attached to A. the nail bed. B. a sebaceous gland. C. the hypodermis. D. a hair follicle.

a hair follicle

Hypothermia is A. associated with exercising vigorously in the heat. B. accompanied by fever. C. a lowered body temperature. D. a form of hair loss.

a lowered body temperature

A myogram is A. a chart that shows how many muscle cells a neuron synapses with. B. a recording of the events of a twitch. C. a measurement of muscle tone. D. a depiction of the results of a stress test.

a recording of the events of a twitch

Fever is A. a result of inflammation. B. due to exposure to heat. C. a special case of hyperthermia in which body temperature rises in response to an elevated set point, typically in response to infection. D. a special case of hypothermia in which body temperature falls to protect the core from infection.

a special case of hyperthermia in which body temperature rises in response to an elevated set point, typically in response to infection.

A sarcomere is best described as A. a part of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. B. a group of fascicles. C. a group of muscle fibers. D. a unit within a muscle fiber.

a unit within a muscle fiber