Anatomy Midterm

spinosum

After a stem cell divides in the stratum basale, the resulting daughter cell enters the stratum ______.

Stratified

A ______ epithelium contains two or more layers of epithelial cells

Gap junction

A _______ _______ provides a passageway for small molecules to travel between cells

blood vessels

A hemangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ______ ______ that proliferate(increase rapidly) and form a benign tumor

acini and at least one duct

A multicellular exocrine gland consists of

mole melanin

A nevus is commonly referred to as a ______. It is a harmless, localized growth of ______ forming cells

Squamous

An epithelial cell is classified as ______ if it is thin and flat

Midsagittal

Anatomic plane that divide body into perfect left and right

Frontal

Anatomical term for forehead is

Hallux

Anatomical term for great toe

Cephalic

Anatomical term for head

antebrachial

Anatomical term for portion of upper limb between elbow and wrist is

3-5

How many layers of keratinocytes comprise the stratum granulosum?

Protection

If an epithelium is stratified, it will likely play a role in

Acinar

If the secretory portion of a gland forms an expanded sac, the gland is called

corneum lucidum

In thick skin, the layers of epidermis that contain DEAD keratinocytes are the stratum ______ and stratum ______

basale granulosum spinosum

In thin and thick skin, the layers that contain LIVING cells are the stratum ______, stratum _____, and stratum ______

hand

Manus is to

cholecalciferol

Many cells in the epidermis produce ______ when exposed to UV radiation

melanocytes

Melanin is transferred in membrane-bound vesicles from ______ to keratinocytes in the stratum basale

Phagocytosis

Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes in the stratum basale via the process of _______ or exocytosis.

sweat sebaceous

On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include blood vessels, _____ glands, ______ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue

Caudal

Opposite of Cranial

Proximal

Opposite of Distal

Ear

Cranial is to skull as auricular is to

phagocytic

Dendritic cells accomplish their immune function by their _____ activity, which initiates an immune response against invaders

calcitriol

Some cells in the epidermis produce cholecalciferol when exposed to UV radiation. This substance travels to the kidneys where it is transformed into ______, also known as Vitamin D

Endocrine

The _______ system consists of glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones

ultraviolet light

The amount of melanin in the skin is determined by hereditary and ________ _______ exposure.

Buccal

The anatomical term for cheek is

orbital

The anatomical term for eye is

umbilical

The anatomical term for navel is

Sural

The anatomical term for the calf area is

Pubic

The anatomical term for the central-most anterior region of the pelvis is

reticular subcutaneous

The connective tissue fibers of the ______ layer of the dermis are extensively interwoven with those of the ______ layer to stabilize the position of the skin and bind it to the underlying tissues.

anterior

The correct anatomic directional term for "in front of" is

Medial

The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward midline of the body" is

0.075 0.150

The epidermis of the THIN skin ranges in thickness from ______mm to ______mm thick

Digestive

The esophagus, stomach, and large intestine are organs of the ______ system

connective muscular

The four primary human tissue types include epithelial, _______, nervous, and _______

corneum lucidum granulosum spinosum basale

The layers of skin (epidermis) from superficial to deep; Stratum ______ Stratum ______ (thick skin) Stratum ______ Stratum ______ Stratum ______

pressure cold

The stimuli detected by sensory receptors of the skin include: vibration ______ heat _______

sweat sebaceous

Thick skin contains _____ glands, but no hair follicles or ______ glands.

True

True or False: Stratified columnar epithelium is relatively rare in the body and is found in the membranous of the male urethra

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

What epithelial tissue: Keratin is not present within cells Cells remain alive all the way to apical surface Lines part of anus Cells remain moist

Histology

Which subdivision of microscopic anatomy examines how groups of specialized cells function together for a common purpose?

Transitional

Which type of epithelium is composed of cells that readily change their shapes?

Osmosis

Which type of transport involves the passive diffusion of water?

Simple Squamous

You would find ______ ______ epithelium: Air sacs (alveoli) of lungs Lumen of blood vessels (endothelium)

oral

anatomical term for mouth is _____ cavity

Dorsal

Opposite of Ventral

Basement Membrane

A thin extracellular layer upon which an epithelium rests is called a(n)

Plantar

Calcaneal is to heel as _____ is to sole of the foot

Lymphocytes

Cells for defense

Epidermal cells

Cells that cover

Adipose cells

Cells that store

vascular

Drugs are often injected into the subcutaneous layer because its extensive _____ network promotes rapid absorption

nucleus organelles

During the process of keratinization, the ______ and ______ disintegrate and the cells start to die. Also their membranes become thicker and less permeable

spinosum granulosum

Epidermal dendritic cells (initiate immune response) are found in the stratum _____ and stratum _____

Squamous

Epithelial cells are flat, wide and somewhat irregular in shape

palms fingers soles

Friction ridges are located on the skin in four regions of the body: _____, ______, _____, and toes

Deep

Opposite of superficial

Liver and Stomach

Organs of the abdominal cavity include

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

The lining of the larynx consists of what type of epithelial tissue?

nucleus

The main function of the melanin pigment is to protect the _____ of keratinocytes from UV radiation

keratinocytes

The stratum corneum consists of about 20-30 layers of interlocking, keratinized, anucleate (lacking nucleus) cells called ______.

microvilli

Tiny, cytoplasmic projections on the apical surface of a cell that increase the surface area for secretion and absorption are called ______

Epithelial

What major tissue? The basal surface is bound to a basement membrane Composed almost entirely of cells Cells are bound closely together

Trachea

Where is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelial tissue found:

melanocytes melanin melanosomes

Scattered among keratinocytes of the stratum basale are pigment producing cells called ______. These cells manufacture the pigment ______ and package the pigment into granules called ______.

oblique

The plane known as the ____ plane passes through the body at an angle

avascular

The term for lack of blood vessels is ______

Exocrine

What glands have ducts and excrete their products onto surface of skin or into the lumen

Simple squamous

What type of epithelial tissue Lines blood vessels Allows for diffusion and osmosis across surface

Ciliated

______ simple columnar epithelium lines the larger bronchioles of the lungs

Keratinized

______ stratified squamous epithelial tissue forms the epidermis of the skin

Superior Internus Gemellus

"Put Some Oreos In Quickly" Sup-Inf Muscles deep to gluteus muscles -laterally rotate thigh "legs crossing" A-Piriformis B-_______ Gemellus E-Obturator _______ C-Inferior ________ D-Quadratus Femoris

sternum

"breastbone" -manubrium (top) -body (middle) -xiphoid process (bottom tip)

mental protuberance

"chin"

Vomer

"dorito" forms the inferior part of nasal septum

mandible

"lower jaw"

sella turcica

"turkish saddle"

maxilla

"upper jaw"

Cuneiforms

(Wedges) -medial, intermediate, lateral Tarsal bones

clavicle

-S shaped bone -articulates medially w/ manubrium of sternum -laterally w/ acromion Acromial end, Sternal End -conoid tubercle on inferior surface

glossus

-______ means tongue

True

1-7 are ____ ribs -articulate anteriorly w/ sternum via costal cartilages

Floating

11 and 12 are _______ ribs -do not articulate w/ sternum

neurons glial

2 distinct types of cells w/in Nervous System: ________ : electrically excitable cells, initiate, transmit, receive nerve impulses (SIGNAL) ______ Cells : nonexcitable cells that SUPPORT & PROTECT the neurons

flexors extensors

2 main ______ of the forearm -biceps brachii -brachialis 2 main ______ of the forearm near elbow -brachioradialis -triceps brachii

Fascicle

4 patterns of ______ arrangements -Circular (orbicularis oris) -Parallel (rectus abdominus) -Convergent (big fan, Pec Major) -Pennate (feather, Deltoid) --Unipennate (extensor digitorum) --Bipennate (rectus femoris) --Multipennate (deltoid)

False

8-12 are _____ ribs -their costal cartilages do not attach directly to sternum

Perineurium

A CT wrapping around each Fascicle of axons of a nerve

Endoneurium

A CT wrapping around each individual Axon of nerve

Epineurium

A CT wrapping around entire Nerve

filaments

A Sarcomere (unit w/in myofibril) contains overlapping Thick and Thin ________

synovial fluid

A Synovial Joint, Joint Cavity is filled with _______ _____

sensory

A _____ neuron transmits stimuli to the interneuron

tendon

A ______ attaches a Muscle to bone, skin or another muscle -formed by merger of CT @ end of muscle -Ropelike structure

ligament tendon

A ______ attaches bone to bone A ______ attaches muscle to something

width

A bone's growth in _____ is referred to as APPOSITIONAL growth -occurs in periosteum

length

A bone's growth in _____ is referred to as INTERSTITIAL growth

soleus

A broad flat muscle lying deep to the gastrocnemius, flat fish Plantarflexes

fascicle

A bundle of muscle fibers (cells) is called a ______

H zone

A contracted sarcomere does not have a _ ____ (or very little)

muscle fibers

A fascicle is a bundle of

perineurium

A fascicle is surrounded by a layer of dense irregular tissue called

saltatory

A nerve impulse that "jumps" from node to node is called ________ conduction

axons

A nerve is a bundle of parallel _____

somatosensory

A sensory area known as the __________ Association Area allows us to identify object when our eyes are close

subclavius

A small muscle right under the CLAVICLE -1st rib to clavicle -Stabilize and depress clavicle

palmaris longus

Absent in 10% of people, narrow superficial muscle weakly assists in wrist flexion long to digits lateral to flexor carpi radialis brachioradialis -> pfPf

impulse

Action potential is also called nerve ______

acetabulum

All 3 bones of the os coxae contribute to the ______, where it articulates with the head of the femur

cerebrospinal fluid

All of the ventricles of the brain contain a liquid material called _____ _____

axon

An ____ transmits nerve impulses away from cell body & toward other cells

aponeurosis

An ________ is a Thin Flattened CT attachment

foramina

Anterior and Posterior Sacral ______ allow nerves to exit

ribs vertebrae

Anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle originate on the ______; all of the posterior muscles have a point of origin on the ______

hair follicles

Apocrine Sweat Glands are simple coiled tubular (same as merocrine) secrete into _____ _______ at the axillae, areola, pubic region, and anal region -secretion is thick and cloudy composed of PROTEINS and LIPIDS -bacterial ODOR

peripheral

Appositional growth (cartilage) is growth at the _______ ends of the bone

hyaline

Articular cartilage is a thin layer _____ cartilage covering the epiphysis of bones reduces friction and absorbs shock in moveable joints

Diarthrosis

Articulation by Function: Freely Moveable Joint

Synarthrosis

Articulation by Function: Immobile Joint

Amphiarthrosis

Articulation by Function: Slightly Mobile Joint

Cartilaginous

Articulation by Structure: Bones held together by CARTILAGE

Fibrous

Articulation by Structure: Bones held together by Dense Reg. CT

Synovial

Articulation by Structure: Bones separated by fluid-filled cavity

vascularized

Bone is highly _________ (term for w/ w/o blood vessels) -heal quick

mass

Bone loses ____ w/ age, can be slowed or reversed w. weight-bearing exercise

tissue

Bones of the skeleton are complex organs containing all four _____ types primarily bone CT

rhomboid

Both ______ major (inf) and minor (inf) are located deep to traps. Parallel band running inferolaterally from vertebrae to scapula -Elevate and retract(adduct) shoulder, inferiorly rotate scapula

intrinsic

Both the thenar and hypothenar groups of __________ hand muscles include: small flexors, abductors, and opponens muscles

Concentric

C The rings of bone around central canal ______ Lamellae

concentric

C is pointing to _________ lamellae

Epimysium

CT of skeletal muscle that surrounds entire muscle -Dense Irregular CT

Perimysium

CT of skeletal muscle that surrounds fascicles

Endomysium

CT that surrounds and electrically insulates each muscle fiber (cell)

collagen elastic

CT tissue layers of skeletal muscle are mostly composed of ______ and _____

phosphate

Calcium and _______are the two main minerals in bone

carotid canal

Canal for carotid artery

nuclei

Cardiac Muscle Cells has 1 or 2 ______, many Mitochondria -AEROBIC -Form Y-shape branches, INTERCALATED DISCS -Autorhythmic: generate electrical impulses w/o nerves -Involuntary control

intercalated discs

Cardiac Muscle Cells join at _______ ______

autorhythmic

Cardiac muscle cells are ______, meaning they can generate electrical impulses w/o the nerve stimulation -Involuntary control

bone

Cartilage is a precursor model for ____ growth

chondrocytes

Cartilage is made up of __________ (cells)

Synchondroses

Cartilaginous Joint -Bones joined by HYALINE cartilage (synarthroses) --Bone Model, Bone Growth

Symphyses

Cartilaginous Joint -Bones joined by Pad of Fibrocartilage (amphiarthroses) --Pubic Symphysis

granulosum

Cells begin to keratinized (organelles begin to disintegrate) in the _____ layer of the epidermal stratum

lacunae

Chondrocytes occupy small places called _______

orbicularis oculi

Circular muscle fibers around orbit (eye) -closing eyelid, blinking

Motor

Classification of Neuron by Function _____ (efferent): Transmit impulses from CNS to MUSCLES or Glands CNS->muscles/glands

sensory

Classification of Neuron by Function ________ (afferent): Transmits impulses about stimuli from SENSORY receptors to CNS Stimuli->Sensory Recpt.->CNS

Interneurons

Classification of Neuron by Function ____________: Retrieve, process, & store info COMMUNICATE between sensory & motor neuron

Multipolar

Classification of Neuron by Structure -MANY dendrites & 1 axon *Most Common type of Neuron*

unipolar

Classification of Neuron by Structure -SINGLE, short fiber branches like a T from cell body (fiber is an axon w/ peripheral & central processes)

Bipolar

Classification of Neuron by Structure -TWO processes, 1 dendrite, 1 axon

Receptors

Collect Information: _______ in PNS detect changes in environment, pass info onto CNS

articulation

Commonly known as "joint" -where bone meets another bone, cartilage, or teeth

Patella

Commonly known as the "kneecap" -w/in tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle

Nucleus

Component of the cell that serves as the control center

omohyoid

Contains two thin muscle BELLIES lateral to sternohyoid Superior border of scapula (SHOULDER AREA) to hyoid

extension flexion

Contraction of the anterior compartment thigh muscles results in ___________ of the knee or ________ of the thigh

smell

Cranial Nerve I gives us our sense of _____?

Vision

Cranial Nerve II has what function?

peripheral

Cranial nerves are part of the ______ nervous system

decussation

Crossing of nerve fibers in an "x", especially from opposite sides of the nervous system

transversospinalis

Deep to the erector spinae, connect and stabilize vertebrae

fibroblasts

Dense connective tissue and areolar (loose CT) have ___________ (cells)

cut apart

Derived from Greek, the word ANATOMY means to ___ _____

capillaries

Dermal Papillae (contain ________ to supply epidermis w/ nutrients) and Epidermal Ridges interlock

collagen calcium

During aging bone -loses ability to produce organic matrix (mainly _______) -loses ______ and other minerals

calcification

ECM of bones is sturdy and rigid due to deposition of materials (_________)

epiphyses

EPIPHYSEAL arteries and veins Supply the _______

4

Each skeletal muscle contains all _ types of tissue -Epithelial -Nervous -Connective -Muscular

organ

Each skeletal muscle is considered an _____

hyaline

Endochondral Ossification Begins with _____ cartilage model Produces MAJORITY of bones inbody

hyaline

Endochondral Ossification Step 1) Fetal _____ cartilage model developes

collar

Endochondral Ossification Step 2) Cartilage, calcifies, and periosteal bone _______ forms

primary

Endochondral Ossification Step 3) The ____ ossification center forms in the DIAPHYSIS

secondary

Endochondral Ossification Step 4) _____ ossification centers form in the EPIPHYSIS

bone

Endochondral Ossification Step 5) ____ replaces cartilage, except the articular cartilage and epiphyseal plates

ossify

Endochondral Ossification Step 6) Epiphyseal plates ______ and form epiphyseal lines

Connective tissue wrappings deep to superficial _________ Perineurium Epineurium

Endoneurium

cerebrospinal

Ependymal cells help produce __________ fluid

spinosum

Epidermal dendritic cells (immune response) are found in the stratum _____ layer of the epidermal stratum

interstitial

Epiphyseal plates are the site of _____ growth

superior middle

Ethmoid bone has the _____ and _____ nasal conchae

watery oily

Exocrine glands of Skin (cutaneous) Sweat (sudoriferous) glands: produce ______ solution -Merocrine (secretes) -Apocrine (pinches) Sebaceous glands: produce ____ secretion

thyrohyoid

Extends from thyroid cartilage of larynx to hyoid

Syndesmoses

Fibrous Joint between parallel bones amphiarthroses

Gomphoses

Fibrous Joint between teeth, mandible/maxilla Synarthroses

articular facet

Fibular ______ _____ -articulation site for head of fibula (on Tibia)

atlas

First cervical vertebra C1 Lacks body and spinous process -superior articular facets articulate w/ foramen magnum of the occipital bone (occipital condyles)

mesencephalon

Found in the _________ (midbrain) CN III, oculomotor CN IV, trochlear

pia arachnoid dura

From deep to superficial, the cranial meninges are the ___ mater, _________ mater, and _____ mater

Sensory Motor

Functional division of Nervous System _________ (afferent) _____ (efferent)

CSF

Functions of the ___ include: environmental stability buoyancy protection

coccyx

Fusion of four small vertebrae

Peripheral

Glial Cells of the _______ Nervous System -Satellite Cells (around neuron's cell body) -Neurolemmocytes (wrap neuron's axon)

Trochanters

Greater and Lesser(highlighted) ________ of Femur -Massive processes for attachment of powerful hip and thigh muscles

appositional

Growth of cartilage along periphery (along edge) is called ________ growth

Medulla Cortex Cuticle

Hair Layers _______ is the core of loose cells, air spaces _______: several layers of hard, flattened cells _______: outer coating (nail has one)

root

Hair ____ portion deep to skin surface

bulb

Hair _____ deep swelling for the EPITHELIAL cells where hair originates

shaft

Hair _____ potion that extends beyond skin surface

matrix

Hair production occurs at hair _____ (same as nail)

sacroiliac

Has an auricular surface at ______ joint articulates w/ ilium

condylar process

Head of Mandible is very top ______ _____

fracture

Healing of bone ______ 1-A fracture hematoma forms 2-A fibrocartilage (soft) callus forms 3-A bony (hard) callus forms 4-The bone is remodeled

red

Hemoglobin Blood pigment, ___ in color

laterally medially

In addition to extending the thigh, the biceps femoris rotates the thigh ______ whereas the semimembranosus and semitendinosus rotate the thigh _______

stability

In articulations, more mobility=less _____ Inverse relationship

radius

In pronation of the forearm, the ____ crosses over the ulna

Nerve

In the Dermis (Reticular layer), ______ fibers functions include: Tactile (touch) receptors Control blood flow Control glandular secretion

myofibrils

Individual muscle fibers (cells) contain _______

fontanelles

Infant cranial bones are connected by flexible areas of dense regular CT called _______ -adult sutures

Talus

Inferior Articular Surface -For Tibia to articulate with ______

effectors

Initiate Response: CNS initiates impulses that PNS carries to _______ (muscles or glands) to react to changes in environment

compressional

Inorganic components of bone give it ________ strength

sensory motor

Interneurons facilitate communication between ______ neurons and ______ neurons

within

Interstitial growth is the growth of cartilage from _____

mesenchyme

Intramembranous Ossification develops from ________ Produces flat bones of skull, some facial bones, mandible, and central portion of clavicle

basale

Kertinocytes (produce keratin, protects and maes water-resistant) are most abundant in the stratum ______ layer (cytoplasm hasn't begin to fill)

Calcaneus

Largest Tarsal Bone, forms heel

epicondyles

Lateral and medial ________ of humerus (medial highlighted)

yellow

Lipids are stored in the ______ marrow of bones

secondary

Lung cancer that metastasizes(spread) causing a tumor in the brain is an example of a ______ tumor (primary/seconday)

diaphyseal

METAPHYSEAL artery and vein Supply the ________ side of the epiphyseal plate

cleavage

Majority of collagen and elastic fibers are oriented in parallel bundles at specific body locations, Lines of _______ identify the orientation

avascular

Mature cartilage is _______ (a/vascular)

osteoblast

Mechanical stress stimulates increase in bone density by increased ______ activity

malleolus

Medial _______ -inferior most prominent medial process on Tibia (inner "ankle bone")

condyles

Medial and Lateral _________: -Smooth surfaces for articulation w/ femur (Tibia) (medial highlighted)

epicondyles

Medial and Lateral(highlighted) ________ -Projections just superior to the CONDYLES for muscle and ligament attachment on Femur

condyles

Medial and Lateral(highlighted) ________ -smooth, rounded articular surfaces on Femur

basale

Melanin is found in the stratum ______ layer of the epidermal stratum (melanocytes)

geniohyoid

Mental spines to hyoid

coiled

Merocrine Sweat Glands are simple _____ tubular glands secrete into ducts w/ pore on SKIN'S SURFACE, 99% water

astrocytes

Most Abundant CNS Glial Cells *-Help form Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) -Replace Damaged Neurons -Assist Neuronal Development -regulate tissue fluid composition -help regulate synaptic transmission -form a structural network `

Cuboid

Most lateral tarsal bone, square shape

Spinalis

Most medial of the erector spinae muscles

posterior

Most of the ______ compartment muscles on the forearm originate from the LATERAL epicondyle

anterior

Most of the ______ compartment muscles on the forearm originate from the MEDIAL epicondyle

efferent

Motor Nervous System (MNS) also known as the ___________ nervous system -sends impulses from CNS through PNS to muscle and glands -Somatic Motor (voluntary) -Autonomic Motor

fixed

Muscle contraction usually causes 1 bone to move while the other remains ______

fascia

Muscles in limbs are organized into COMPARTMENTS separated by deep ______

mastication

Muscles of ______ -muscles involved in chewing -Temporalis, Masseter, Lateral & Medial Pterygoids

facial

Muscles of ______ Expression -attach to Superficial Fascia or to Skull Bones

proximal distal

Muscles that move the APPENDICULAR skeleton have a ________ attachment and ______ attachment

superior inferior

Muscles that move the AXIAL skeleton have a ______ attachment and _____ attachment

deep fascia

Muscles that move the knee joint are separated in anatomical compartments by ____ ______

nerve impulses

Myelin affects the ability of neurons to conduct ____ ________ (Action Potentials)

Myofilaments

Myofibrils are composed of _______

diaphysis

NUTRIENT artery and vein Supply the ______ of a long bone

matrix

Nail ______ Thickened growing part of the nail bed (not root<--part of nail plate)

corneum

Nails are a scalelike modification of the stratum ______

CNS

Nervous System Process and Evaluate Response: ___ determines required response

PNS

Neurolemmocytes myelinate axons within the ___

What component of nervous tissue conducts electrical impulses?

Neurons

olivary

Nuclei called the superior ______ nuclei are located in the inferior pons

CNS

Oligodendrocytes myelinate axons within the ___

scalenes

On the lateral side of the neck, there are 3 _____ muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior) that work w/ the sternocleidomastoid to flex the neck -elevate 1st and 2nd rib during forced inhalation

tensor fasciae latae

On the lateral thigh is a single muscle called the _____ ______ _____ -attaches to IT band -Abducts and medially rotates thigh

z disc

One Sarcomere spans from one _ ____ to the next

Epithelial

One of the four major tissue types in the human body, _____ tissue acts as 'gatekeepers' in that it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions

Muscle

Order of ______ tissue -Muscle Organ -Fascicle -Muscle Fiber (Cell) -Myofibril -Myofilaments

tensile

Organic components of bone give it _____ strength

Trachea Heart Lungs

Organs of the thoracic cavity include

cytes

Osteo____ (cells) Reside in lacunae, MAINTAIN matrix and detect mechanical stress on a bone

blasts

Osteo______ (cells) FORM(build) bone matrix

clasts

Osteo______ (cells) Large multinuclear cells that DISSOLVE bone matrix

progenitor

Osteo______ (cells) Mesenchymal stem cells in endosteum and periosteum can produce more stem cells or osteoblasts

circumferential

PERIOSTEAL arteries and veins Supply blood to the external _______ lamellae and superficial osteons

Lysosomes

Part of cell that digests and removes waste products

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Part of cell that has smooth and rough regions

Golgi Apparatus

Part of cell that packs and sorts material

Outlet

Pelvic ______ -Exit of True Pelvis, defined by Coccyx, Ischial tuberosities, and inferior border of pubic symphysis

Inlet

Pelvic ______ -Superior entrance to True Pelvis, at pelvic brim

brim

Pelvic ______ -continuous oval ridge formed by pubic crest, pectineal line, arcuate line, and sacral promontory

zygomatic process

Piece sticking out from temporal bone

Melanin

Pigment produced by melanocytes (# same, pockets diff)

follicles

Pilus (hair) consists of KERATINOCYTES growing from _______ deep in dermis (often projecting to subcutaneous layer)

olecranon

Point of elbow, Projection that forms posterior "bump" of elbow, attachment for triceps brachii. looks like big C

brachioradialis

Prominent muscle on lateral surface of forearm -synergist in forearm flexion

tendinous ring

Rectus eye muscles start from Common ________ ____ in posterior orbit and attach to outer surface of eye

supraspinatus

Rotator Cuff Muscle The ______ ABDUCTS the arm - used when you start to execute the pitch

subscapularis

Rotator Cuff Muscle The ______ MEDIALLY rotates arm - used when you wind up for a pitch

infraspinatus teres minor

Rotator Cuff Muscle The _________ and ____ _____ ADDUCT and LATERALLY rotate are -slow down pitch (C and D)

PNS CNS

SNS receives sensory info from receptors in the ___ and transmits to ___

cell bodies

Satellite cells are found surrounding ____ ______

peripheral

Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes) create the myelin sheath in the ______ nervous system

sebum

Sebaceous Glands secrete oily ______ into hair follicles or directly onto skin surface Lubrication Relatively inactive until puberty

axis

Second cervical vertebrae C2 Odontoid or Dens -pivot point got rotation of atlas and skull

afferent

Sensory Nervous System -also known as the ______ nervous system -receives sensory info from receptors in PNS and transmits it to CNS -Somatic (conscious) -Visceral (involuntary)

Fast Glycolic

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type ____ ________ (FG) fibers - Type IIb -Large, ANAEROBIC, Short Burst contractions Power Lifter

Fast Oxidative

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type ____ ________ (FO) fibers - Type IIa -Intermediate

Slow Oxidative

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type ____ ________ (SO) fibers - Type I -small, AEROBIC, Fatigue Resistant Endurance

striated

Skeletal and cardiac muscle is _______

striated

Skeletal and cardiac muscle is _________ (nonstriated/striated)

sarcoplasm

Skeletal muscle fibers (cell) term for Cytoplasm

sarcolemma

Skeletal muscle fibers (cell) term for Plasma Membrane

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Skeletal muscle fibers (cell) term for Smooth ER

anconeus

Small elbow extensor, crosses posterolateral region of elbow

plantaris

Small muscle, absent in some, obliquely between gastrocnemius and soleus

striations

Smooth Muscle -short fusiform cells -1 nucleus, no _________ -Generate slow, efficient, fatigue-resistant contractions

trabeculae

Spongy bone No osteons ______ contains parallel lamellae

sternohyoid

Sternum to hyoid

sternothyroid

Sternum to thyroid cartilage of larynx -deep to sternohyoid

Central Peripheral

Structural division of Nervous system _______ NS ___________ NS

epidermis

Structures within the _________ include Hair, Nails, Exocrine glands

stylohyoid

Styloid process to hyoid -causes floor of oral cavity to elongate during swallowing

articular processes

Superior _____ _____ to join vertebra above

Talus

Superiormost tarsal bone, weight bearing, articulates w/ Tibia

supinator

Supinates arm Works w/ biceps brachii In posterior compartment of arm (wraps around radius)

digastric

Suprahyoid The ______ muscle has TWO BELLIES -mental protuberance to hyoid to mastoid process of mandible

cleft

Synaptic _____: Narrow space between neuron cells

articular capsule

Synovial Joint Anatomy The ______ ______ surrounds the joint

Multiaxial

Synovial Joints that move in THREE planes or AXES

Biaxial

Synovial Joints that move in TWO planes or AXES

Uniaxial

Synovial joint that moves in ONE plane or AXIS

basale

Tactile Cells (feel touch) are found in the stratum _____ layer

sheaths

Tendon ______: Elongated Bursae around Tendons, particularly in confined areas (wrist and ankle) where tendons RUB each other

rotator cuff

The 4 ______ ____ muscles (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor) provide strength and stability to the glenohumeral joint

fibrous synovial membrane

The Articular Capsule of a Synovial joint has 2 layers Outer _____ Layer: dense reg. CT (strengthens joint) (purple) Inner ______ _______: Secretes SYNOVIAL fluid (caused by movement) (green)

ventricles

The Cavities within the brain are called _____

Brain Spinal Cord

The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the _____ and _____ ____

areolar irregular

The Dermis is composed of ______ (loose CT) and dense _______ CT

hallucis longus

The Extensor ____ ______ goes to the HALLUX (big toe)

digitorium

The Extensor ____ splits off into 4 tendons to DIGITS medial (superficial post layer)

carpi ulnaris

The Extensor _____ ______ medial surface, extends wrist, adduct hand over ULNA

Indicis

The Extensor _____ is most medial, attaches to INDEX finger

digitorum longus

The Extensor ______ ______ send four LONG tendons to attach to dorsal surface of toes (DIGITS)

pollicis longus

The Extensor ______ _______ EXTENDS THUMB and is LONG Medial to Extensor Pollicis Brevis

pollicis brevis

The Extensor ______ _______ EXTENDS THUMB and is SHORT Medial to Abductor Pollicis Longus

anal sphincter

The External _____ ______ (located w/in the anal triangle) assists in defecation -ring around anus

digitorum longus

The Flexor _____ _____ attaches to digits of foot 2-5 -Deep post leg muscle -Plantar Flexes

hallucis

The Flexor ______ Longus attaches to HALLUX

crest

The Iliac ____ is the superior ridge "hip bone"

psoas iliacus

The Iliopsoas muscle is made up of the ______ major and the ______ -Flex the thigh

digitorum superficialis

The Intermediate layer of the anterior side of the forearm is made up of one muscle, the flexor ______ _______

tuberosity

The Ischial ________ is the rough inferior projection that supports weight of body when sitting "bony butt"

origin insertion

The LESS moveable attachment is often called the _____; the MORE movable attachment is often called the ________

palpebrae

The Levator _____ superioris lifts eyelid when opening eye

Tuberosity

The Radial _______ is for biceps brachii muscle attachment

rectus sheath

The Rectus Abdominus is enclosed within the _____ _____ An aponeurosis formed by the external obliques, internal obliques, and transverse abdominis muscles Connected by vertical fibrous trip called LINEA ALBA

integument

The Subcutaneous Layer is deep to the ________ (dermis and epidermis)

words

The Wernicke area is involved in understanding/recognizing written and spoken _______

os coxae

The __ _____ is commonly known as the "hip bone" -Fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis between 13-15

pectineus

The ___ muscle flexes the thigh, superior to the adductor longus and inferior to the psoas major

ala

The ___ of the ilium "wing"

base apex

The ____ (B) of the patella is superior and flat, the ____ (A) is the pointed inferior tip

gluteus medius

The ____ ____ is deep to the gluteus maximus Abductor, MEDIALLY rotates

gluteus minimus

The ____ ____ is the smallest and deepest of the gluteal muscles abducts, MEDIALLY rotates

Pectoralis Major

The ____ ____ large axial muscle, thick, fan shaped, covers superior part of thorax -Prime FLEXor of arm, adducts, medially rotates

Ulnar notch

The ____ ____ on the Radius is a medial dent for head of Ulna (distal)

iliac fossa

The ____ _____ is a large depression on the medial surface of the ilium

gluteus maximus

The ____ _____ is the largest of the 3 gluteal muscles -Chief Extensor and LATERALLY rotates thigh

medulla oblongata

The ____ _____ is the most inferior part of the brainstem

biceps brachii

The ____ _____ large 2 headed muscle -anterior side of the humerus -Principle FLEXORS of the forearm w/ Brachialis -SUPINATOR -weakly flex humerus

superior oblique

The ____ _____ muscle of the eye depresses and turns eye laterally -passes through pulley-like loop called TROCHLEA

inferior oblique

The ____ _____ muscle of the eye elevates the eye and rotates it laterally -attaches to the inferior POSTERIOR lateral part of eye, pulls posterior part of eye inferiorly

inferior rectus

The ____ ______ attachees to the inferior part of the eye, pulls eye down and medially

internal intercostals

The ____ ______ lie deep to the external intercostals Fibers toward tIts FORCED exhalation

pons

The ____ houses the CN V, trigeminal CN VI, abducens CN VII, facial CN VIII, vestibulocochlear (also on medulla)

deltoid

The ____ is a thick powerful muscle that functions as the Prime ABDUCTOR of the arm -medially or laterally rotate arm

deep

The ____ layer of the posterior forearm muscles is made up of -Abductor Pollicis Longus (abducts thumb) -Extensor Pollicis Brevis (medial to ^, attaches to thumb, extends) -Extensor Pollicis Longus -Extensor Indicis (most medial, extends index finger)

dura

The ____ mater's name translates to TOUGH mother

masseter

The ____ muscle elevates and PROtracts mandible -most powerful and important of masticatory muscles -superficial to temporalis -clenching jaw

head

The ____ of the Radius articulates w/ the Capitulum of the Humerus

Greater Lesser

The _____ (A) and _____ (B) Tubercles of the humerus are for muscle attachment

Styloid

The _____ Process of the radius is the lateral 'wrist bump'

lateral rectus

The _____ ____ attaches to lateral side of eye, pulls outward/laterally/abducts

Pectoralis minor

The _____ ____ is a thin, flat, triangular muscle deep to pec major. Depress and protract scapula -hunched forward

abductor pollicis

The _____ ____ longus ABDUCTS THUMB and is LONG Just medial and distal to supinator

external obliques

The _____ _____ Muscle fibers towards pockEts Superficial -forms INGUINAL LIGAMENT below muscle attaching to anterior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

internal obliques

The _____ _____ muscle fibers up towards tIts deep to external obliques

superior rectus

The _____ _____ attaches to the superior part of eye, pulls eye up and medially

latissimus dorsi

The _____ _____ is a large axial muscle, broad, triangular, on inferior/lateral back -"swimmer's muscle" -Prime arm EXTensor, adducts, medially rotates

pectoral girdle

The _____ _____ is made up of the scapulae and clavicles (appendicular skeleton) -articulates w/ trunk and supports upper limb

tibialis anterior

The _____ _____ is the primary dorsiflexor of the foot of the ankle - attaches to medial plantar side of foot, Inverts

Pubic crest

The _____ _____ is the rough ridge on the anterosuperior of superior ramus of the pubic bone. Ends as pubic tubercle

Joint Cavity

The _____ _____ of Synovial joints is filled with synovial fluid

Ischial ramus

The _____ _____ of the ischium extends from the tuberosity to pubis (bottom of bottom loop)

Teres major

The _____ _____ works synergistically with the latissimus dorsi by extending, adducting, and medially rotating arm (not part of rotator cuff)

medial rectus

The _____ ______ attaches to the medial side of eye, pulls eye inward/medially

external intercostals

The _____ ______ extend from rib to adjacent rib Fibers towards pockEts Inhalation

serratus anterior

The _____ ______ ia a large, flat, fan shaped muscle between ribs and scapula "GILLS" -PRIME mover in scapular PROtraction and stabilizing -Powerful SUPeriorly rotating scapula -works w/ pec minor

levator scapulae

The _____ ______ is a narrow, elongated muscle, deep to traps and sternocleidomastoid -ELEVATES scapula, inferiorly rotate

ischial spine

The _____ ______ is a prominent medial process on the ischium

dorsal

The _____ cavity -cranium -vertebral canal

premotor

The _____ cortex is located in the frontal lobe immediately anterior to the precentral gyrus

periosteum

The _____ covers the external surface of bones (except where atricular cartilage does) -Dense Irregular CT -Attached by perforating fibers from bone matrix -Anchor for blood vessels and nerves -Active in bone remodeling, growth, fracture repair (as well as endosteum)

cerebellum

The _____ ensures that the skeletal muscles carry out smooth, coordinated movements (brain part)

extrinsic

The _____ eye muscles, or the extraocular muscles, move the eyes -originate within orbit, attach to white outer surface of eye

temporalis

The _____ is a broad fan shaped muscle -extends from temporal lines and inserts on coronoid process of mandible -muscle of mastication

pons

The _____ is a bulging region on the anterior side of the brainstem

trapezius

The _____ is a large, flat, diamond shaped muscle extending from skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdle laterally -Elevate, depress, retract, or rotate scapula

sartorius

The _____ is a long thin muscle that goes across the anterior portion of the thigh, helps flex

diaphragm

The _____ is an internally placed, dome-shaped muscle that forms a partition between the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities -most important in breathing -when contracted, pulled down to aponeurosis (central tendon)

ilium

The _____ is the largest of the 3 fused coxal bones

deep

The _____ layer of the anterior side of the forearm has 2 muscles -flexor pollicis longus (thumb) -flexor digitorum profundus (medial)

Reticular

The _____ layer of the dermis contains blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, and nerves

superficial

The _____ layer of the forearm contains the -pronator teres -flexor carpi radialis -palmaris longus -flexor carpi ulnaris

arcuate

The _____ line is a ridge along inferior border of the ala

psoas

The _____ major and iliacus work closely together

sartorius

The _____ muscle is the longest muscle in the human body

procerus

The _____ muscle lifts nose up -wrinkling in disgust

mentalis

The _____ muscles attach to lower lip on mental -pout

intrinsic

The _____ muscles of the tongue curl, squeeze, and fold tongue during chewing and speaking. -'Tongue itself' acts like big muscle

extrinsic

The _____ muscles of the tongue have origin on other head and neck structures and insert on tongue.

Anatomical Surgical

The _____ neck (B) of the humerus is an oblique line, The _____ neck (C) is the transverse cut at the narrowing of bone

lengths

The _____ of filaments DO NOT change during contraction/relaxation, only their position

diencephalon

The _____ part of the brain include -hypothalamus -thalamus -epithalamus

axial

The _____ skeleton: Skull, vertebral column, the thoracic cage

fourth

The _____ ventricle is located between the pons/medulla and the cerebellum

pharynx

The _____, commonly known as the "throat" is a funnel shaped tube that lies posterior to and extends inferiorly from both the oral and nasal cavities -aid in swallowing

rectus

The ______ (straight) eye muscles have their origin from a common tendinous ring in the orbit -medial, lateral, inferior, or superior

tibialis

The ______ Posterior is the Deepest of the Post leg muscle-plantar flex and invert

somatic

The ______ Sensory Nervous System (SNS) is voluntary/conscious -touch,pain,pressure,vibration, proprioception

fibularis tertius

The ______ _____ extends from the extensor digitorum longus muscle on the FIBULA

erector spinae

The ______ _____ muscles (3, ILS) help to maintain posture and help an individual stand ERECT -both, extend vertebral column -one, lateral flexion

serratus

The ______ anterior; Stabilizes the scapula Superiorly rotates the scapula

gnostic

The ______ area is composed of regions of which of the following cerebral lobes

vertebral

The ______ canal contains the spinal cord

medullary

The ______ cavity is a hollow, cylindrical space in the diaphysis of bones In adults, it contains yellow bone marrow

premotor

The ______ cortex -coordinates learned activities -moves eyes while reading/playing piano -coordinating skilled activities

infundibulum

The ______ extends inferiorly from the hypothalamus to attach to the pituitary glands

epicranius

The ______ is composed of the occipitofrontalis (frontal belly and occipital belly) and the epicranial aponeurosis. raises eyebrows

metaphysis

The ______ is the region between the diaphysis and epiphysis contains epiphyseal plate "growth plate"

depressor inferioris

The ______ labii _____ muscle pulls lower lip inferiorly

levator superioris

The ______ labii ______ lifts the upper lip superiorly -snarling

thalamus

The ______ lets the cerebrum know where the sensory information came from such as when a nerve impulses comes from the eye

Pectineal

The ______ line is a ridge on the medial surface of the pubis continuing from arcuate line of ilium

frontal

The ______ lobe is concerned with -verbal communication -planning and personality -decision making -voluntary motor functions

fibularis

The ______ longus, covers the FIBULA -superficial lateral ______ Brevis lies deep to Longus (longus shown in picture, brevis is just deep and medial)

platysma

The ______ muscle covers appendicular neck -tensing neck

medulla

The ______ oblongata has CN VIII, vestibulocochlear (on pons as well) CN IX, glossopharyngeal CN X, vagus CN XI, accessory CN XII, hypoglossal

serratus

The ______ posterior inferior muscles attach to ribs 8-12 -depress ribs during expiration

serratus

The ______ posterior superior muscles attach to ribs 2-5 -elevates ribs during inhalation

coccygeus

The ______ pulls the coccyx anteriorly after posterior deflection during defecation or childbirth

anterior

The ______ thoracic muscles are the Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior Subclavius

Obturator

The _______ Externus Laterally rotates the thigh

visceral

The _______ Sensory Nervous System (SNS) is involuntary/unconscious -impulses from blood vessels and viscera

Glenoid Cavity

The _______ _____ is on the scapula, where humerus articulates -Fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum (inside G. cavity) -Rotator Cuff muscles Bursae Ligaments

endosteum

The _______ covers most internal surface of bones Active in bone remodeling, growth, fracture repair

gastrocnemius

The _______ is commonly known as the "Calf" muscles

diaphysis

The _______ is the elongated cylindrical shaft part of a bone

epiphysis

The _______ is the knobby, enlarged regions at each end of the bone

cerebrum

The _______ is the location of conscious thought process and origin of all complex intellectual functions

zygomaticus

The _______ major(inferior) and minor(superior) work w/ the levator anguli oris

buccinator

The _______ muscle compresses cheek against teeth when chewing -trumpet

nasalis

The _______ muscle elevates the corners of the nostrils -"flaring nostrils"

risorius

The _______ muscle pulls the corner of the mouth laterally -closed mouth smile

hamstring

The _______ muscles include the -biceps femoris (lateral) -semimembranosus (deep) -semitendinosus (superficial)

styloglossus

The _______ muscles originate from the styloid process of temporal bone -elevate and retract

somatic

The _______ sensory components are the general somatic senses, touch pain, pressure, vibration, temp, and proprioception

anterior

The _______ thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle are the: Subclavius Pec Minor Serratus Anterior

Peripheral

The ________ Nervous System (?NS) includes the Cranial Nerves, Spinal Nerves, and Ganglia

genioglossus

The ________ muscles have their origin on the mandible and protract tongue -stick out tongue CHIN to tongue

visceral

The ________ sensory components transmit nerve impulses from blood vessels and viscera to the CNS

orbicularis oris

The _________ _____ muscle surrounds mouth -close mouth -kiss

palatoglossus

The _________ muscles originate on soft palate of tongue and elevate posterior portion of tongue

hyoglossus

The __________ muscles originate at hyoid bone and insert on tongue -depress and retract

somatosensory

The ____________ association area is responsible for interpreting sensations to determine -pressure -shape of objects -temp -texture

coracobrachialis

The ______________ works as a synergist to the pectoralis major in flexing and adducting arm -CORACOID process to the upper arm (BRACHIALIS)

sternocleidomastoid

The ___________________ is a thick muscle that extends from sternum and clavicle to mastoid process of mandible -both flex neck -one lateral flexion of neck and rotation of head to OPPOSITE side

medial

The adductors of the thigh are on the _____ side of the femur -Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus -Gracilis -Pectineus

hyaline

The articular cartilage in Synovial joints is _____ cartilage -reduces friction and acts as shock absorber

are not

The axial muscles (are/are not) responsible for stabilizing or moving the pectoral or pelvic girdles or their attached limbs

Osteon

The basic component of compact bone is the ______ cylindrical structures Run parallel to diaphysis

supination

The biceps brachii provide flexion and __________ of the forearm

deep

The brachialis is ____ and distal to the biceps brachii

hemispheres

The cerebellum is composed of left and right cerebellar ______

largest

The cerebellum is the _____ part of the brain (size, lgst, smlst)

hemispheres

The cerebrum is composed of two halves, called the left and right cerebral _________

Urogenital

The deep layer of the urogenital triangle has 2 muscles -Deep transverse Perineal -External Urethral Sphincter Collectively referred to as the _______ Diaphragm

anguli oris

The depressor _____ ____ muscle is the 'frown' muscle -pulls down corners of mouth

epidermis

The dermis (reticular layer, papillary has capillaries) has blood vessels that supply nutrients to the avascular _______

perineum

The diamond shaped region between the lower appendages in called the ______ -pubic symphysis -coccyx -ischial tuberosities -Urogenital Triangle -Anal Triangle

fibro elastic

The diffrernt types of cartilage (CT) are hyaline, _____cartilage, and _______

areolar

The endoneurium is made of _______ connective tissue (loose)

dense regular

The epineurium is made of _____ _______ connective tissue (dense)

hyaline

The epiphyseal plate is a layer of _____ cartilage at the boundary of the epiphysis and diaphysis

digiti minimi

The extensor ____ ______ (rhymes) attaches to PINKY (superficial post layer)

carpi radialis

The extensor _____ ______ longus or brevis -medial to brachioradialis -extends wrist -abducts hand (superficial post layer)

brain

The facial bones (14) make up face and have no _____ contact

longitudinal

The falx cerebri projects into the _________ fissure

digitorum profundus

The flexor _____ _____ lies DEEP to the flexor digitorum superficialis, splits into 4 tendons that go to DIGITS

pollicis longus

The flexor ______ _____ attaches to the THUMB and is LONG (deep layer of ant. forearm)

carpi radialis

The flexor ______ ______ extends across surface of forearm lateral to pronator teres brachioradialis -> pFpf

rotundum ovale spinosum

The foramen ROS ______ ______ _______

Interstitial

The growth of cartilage from within cartilage is ______ growth

dorsal plantar

The intrinsic muscles of the foot form _______ and ________ groups

folia

The is the _____ of the cerebellum

adductor

The is the _______ longus

Levator ani

The largest, most important collection of muscles in the pelvic floor is the _____ ___ -supports the pelvic viscera and functions as a sphincter at the anorectal junction, urethra, and vagina. -Formed by Iliococcygeus, Pubococcygeus, and Puborectalis

pterygoid

The lateral(superior) and medial(inf) ______ muscles PROtract mandible and move it side to side

thalamus

The left and right sides of the ____ are connected by -intermediate mass -interthalamic adhesion

anguli

The levator ______ oris pulls up corners of mouth superiorly and laterally

midbrain

The mesencephalon is also called the ______ and forms the superior portion of the brainstem

epiphyseal

The metaphysis of the bone contains the ______ plate (growth plate)

Longissimus

The middle of the erector spinae, medial to the iliocostalis and lateral to the spinalis

iliocostalis

The most lateral of the erector spinae ________

gracilis

The most medial muscle of the thigh, very skinny and long

efferent

The motor nervous system is also referred to as the ______ division ('conducting outward')

vocalization

The motor speech area is responsible for controlling movements necessary for ________ 1-vocalization 2-smell 3-understanding words 4-vision Answer is term

extension medial

The movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the latissimus dorsi _______, adduction, and ______ rotation of the arm

anterior posterior

The muscles of the arm can be subdivided into the ______ compartment (flexors) and the ______ compartment (extensors)

axial

The muscles of the pectoral girdle originate on the ___ skeleton and insert of the scapula and clavicle

pelvic diaphragm

The muscles of the pelvic cavity is formed by three layers of muscles and associated fasciae, collectively known as the _____ ______

eminence

The muscles of the thenar and hypothenar group form fleshy masses, each called a(n) ______

crural

The muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes are the _____ muscles

suprahyoid infrahyoid

The muscles to the neck are divided into ________ muscles, above the hyoid bone, and _______ muscles, below the hyoid bone

fats

The myelin sheath is made of large portion of: Pro Carbs Fats

bed

The nail body (pink) covers a layer of the epidermis called the nail ___

1 trillion

The nervous tissue of a young adult may contain up to ______ glial cells

right

The neurons from the left primary motor cortex control the skeletal muscles on the _____ side of the body

areolar

The papillary layer of the Dermis is composed of ______ CT (loose)

minor

The pectoralis _____ depresses and protracts the scapula (hunched shoulders)

anal

The perineum is spilt, the part containing the anus is the ______ triangle

Urogenital

The perineum is spilt, the part containing the urethra and genitals is the ______ triangle

carpal tunnel

The place between the carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum

10 superficial deep

The posterior compartment of the forearm consists of a total of __ muscles distributed between _______ and _____ layers

flex

The posterior muscles of the leg ____ the toes

temporal

The primary Auditory Cortex Area is located in the ______ lobe

somatosensory

The primary __________ cortex is housed within the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobes

smells

The primary olfactory cortex provides conscious awareness of ______

constrictors

The primary pharyngeal muscles are the pharyngeal _______ (superior, middle, and inferior) -these muscles contract in order to move bolus downwards to esophagus

occipital

The primary visual area is located in the ______ lobe

teres quadratus

The pronator ____ (1) and the pronator _____ (2) rotate radius across ulna to pronate forearm -anterior compartment of arm -agonistic to supinator

rami

The pubis has superior and inferior ____ that extend between acetabulum and ischial ramus

Rectus Lateralis Intermedius Medialis

The quadriceps femoris (quads) flex the knee. 4 heads -______ Femoris -Vastus _______ (lateral) -Vastus _______ (deep to Rectus femoris) -Vastus _______ (medial) All attach to quadriceps tendon, turning into patellar ligament

dense irregular

The reticular layer of the Dermis is made up of _____ _______ CT

Endothelium

The simple squamous epithelium that lines blood and lymphatic vessels is called a(n)

dermis epidermis

The skin is made up of two main layers, the ______ and the ______

neurofibril

The small space that interrupt the myelin sheath are called __________ nodes

sensory

The somatic _______ division of the nervous system receives information from the skin. fascia and joints.

voluntary

The somatic nervous system (SNS) is another name for the _____ division of the nervous system.

consciously

The somatic sensory division detected stimuli that are ________ detected.

desmosomes

The spiny appearance of stratum spinosum cells is primarily due to the tenacious nature of ______, which function to hold these non-dividing cells together(middle)

extend

The splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis capitis, and longissimus capitis _____ the neck

corneum

The stratum _____ layer of the epidermal stratum contains 20-30 layers of cells, comprised of mostly dead, ANUCLEATE keratinocytes

lucidum

The stratum ______ is only found in thick skin, (cells lack organelles, filled with ELEDIN, transparent intermediate product of keratin mutation)

Organ

The structure that contains two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific, complex functions is called a(n)

Histology

The study of tissues and their relationships within organs is called

adipose

The subcutaneous layer is composed of areolar and ______ CT (stores energy and thermal insulation)

salts urea

The substances that make sweat feel gritty are water, ______, and _______

posterior

The superficial layer of the ______ compartment of the forearm attaches to the lateral epicondyle and is made up of -Extensor carpi radialis longus (medial to brachioradialis, extends wrist and abducts hand) -Extensor carpi radialis brevis -Extensor digitorum (splits into 4 tendons) -Extensor digiti minimi (pinky)

urogenital

The superficial layer of the ________ triangle is made up of 3 muscles -Bulbospongiosus -Ischiocavernosus (pubic symphysis) -Superficial Transverse Perineal

hearing smell

The temporal lobe is responsible for ______ and ________

synovial retinacula

The tendons of forearm muscles are individually surrounded by ______ sheaths and collectively held close to the carpal bones by fibrous bands of fascia called ______.

tendon

The tendons of forearm muscles typically are surrounded by _____ (synovial) sheaths

mastication

The term _____ is to chew -temporalis -masseter -lateral and medial pterygoid

somatosensory

The thalamus will process incoming information and project it to the ______ cortex

lanugo vellus

The three hair types; _______ (baby hair), ______ (most of body), and terminal hair (pigmented, 'hair hair')

skeletal smooth

The three kinds of muscle tissue are; _______ muscle cardiac muscle ______ muscle

color thickness

The three main variation in the epidermis are _____, ______, and skin markings

Smooth cardiac skeletal

The three muscle types are _______ Muscle (nonstriated) _______ Muscle (striated in Y's) _______ Muscle (striated)

Interosseus

The tibia and fibula, as well as the radius and ulna, are connected by a _________ membrane

somatic visceral

The two divisions of the sensory nervous system are the ______ division and the _____ division

papillary reticular

The two layers of the dermis are the ______ and _____

Papillary Reticular

The two layers of the dermis are the ______ layer and the ____ layer

pectoralis latissimus

The two primary muscle attachments from the arm to the trunk (prime moves of the glenohumeral joint) are the ________ major and ________ dorsi

more

The unmyelinated axon requires _____ (more/less) energy to function than a myelinated axon

8 7

There are _ metacarpal bones and _ tarsal bones

12

There are __ pairs of ribs total

four two

There are ______ ventricles in the brain ______ of them are lateral ventricles

epithelia

There are no blood vessels in the epidermis, so the tissue is similar to all other ______.

700

There are over ___ skeletal muscles and together they form the Muscular System

206

There are typically ___ (#) of bones in the adult skeleton

Loose

These are _____ connective tissues Areolar(gelatinous), Adipose(fat), Reticular

abduction medial

These are responsible for _______ and ______ rotation of the hip joint: gluteus medius gluteus minimus tensor fasciae latae

adduction

These are responsible for the _____ of the hip joint: adductor brevis adductor longus adductor magnus gracilis pectineus

extension

These are responsible for the ______ of the hip joint: gluteus maximus hamstring region of adductor magnus long head of biceps femoris semimembranosus semitendinosus

abdominopelvic

These are the _______________ regions

iliac spines

These are the anterior and posterior, superior and inferior, _____ _____ (shown in anterior superior, ASIS)

canaliculi

These are the pathways between osteocytes housed in lacunae _________

superiorly

These muscles ______ rotate the scapula Serratus anterior Trapezius

extend

These muscles _______ the forearm: Anconeus Triceps Brachii

inferiorly

These muscles can _______ rotate the scapula: Levator scapulae Rhomboids (minor and major)

Myosin

Thick Filaments (Myofilament) -composed of hundreds of bundled ______ molecules

0.4 0.6

Thick skin ranges from between ______ mm and ______ mm thick

Actin

Thin Filaments (Myofilament) -composed mainly of 2 strands of filamentous _______ (F-_____) twisted around each other

pubis

This bone is the anterior bone of the os coxae

bladder

This epithelial tissue is found in the ureters, a portion of your urethra, and you urinary _____

axon

This general part of a neuron is called the ____

sciatic notch

This is the Greater _____ ____ of the ilium

gray matter

This is the ____ ____ of the cerebellum

arbor vitae

This is the ____ _____ (tree of life) of the cerebellum (seems like the "white matter")

brainstem

This is the _____

lesser sciatic

This is the _____ _____ notch of the ilium

ischium

This is the _____ bone of the os coxae

bicep

This is the _____ femoris

rectus

This is the ______ femoris muscle

gracilis

This is the ______ muscle. Inner thigh

iliacus

This is the _______ muscle

obturator foramen

This is the large hole in the os coxae, bordered by ischial and pubic rami

plate

This is the nail ____ (what you think of as "nail")

minor major

This is the teres _____. The teres _____ is inferior but larger

Epithelial

This tissue is located: Covers body surfaces Lines many organs Covers many organs Lines Body Cavities

Serous Glands

This type of exocrine gland produces sweat, milk, tears, or digestive juices

stimulates

Thyroid ______ bone growth

False

True or False Neurons far outnumber glial cells

True

True or False The CSF surrounds the brain and spinal cord

True

True or False: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles

True

True or False: The anterior forearm muscles in the superficial and intermediate layers attach at the medial epicondyle of the humerus; the muscles of the deep layer attach on the radius and ulna

Tight Junction

What type of junction Encircles epithelial cells near their apical surface Seal off the intercellular spaces Attach neighboring epithelial cells

tensor fasciae

When contracted this muscle medially rotates and abducts the thigh. ______ ______ latae

flexed laterally

When the sartorius contracts, the thigh is ______ and rotated ______

Lumen of blood vessels (endothelium), air sacs (alveoli) of lungs

Where might you find simple squamous epithelium

microglial cell

Which glial cell acts as a phagocyte? satellite cell ependymal cell microglial cell astrocyte

Lymphatic System

Which organ is responsible for the initiation of the immune response?

Diencephalon

Which region of the brain is often referred to as the 'in-between' brain?

third

Within the diencephalon is a smaller ventricle called the ____ ventricle

carotene

Yellow-Orange pigment from foods such as carrots

5

_ Lumbar vertebrae

6

_ Muscles move the eye

A band

_ ____ 6-part of sarcomere containing BOTH Thin and Thick filaments (dark)

H zone

_ ____ 7-Part of sarcomere that contains THICK filaments only -middle of A Band

M line

_ ____ Part of sarcomere (MIDDLE line) -transverse protein structure in center of H Zone that attaches and aligns thick filaments

I band

_ _____ 2-part of sarcomere containing THIN filaments only

7

_ cervical vertebrae

12

__ thoracic vertebrae

external occipital protuberance

___ ___ protuberance <-include

Fat Pads

___ _____: Packing material of Synovial joints (yellow)

CSF

___ is continually removed from the subarachnoid space so that it will not accumulate

Head

___ of humerus articulates w/ scapula at Glenohumeral joint

Transverse processes

____ ____ of vertebrae

Ulna Radius

____ and _______ in Antebrachium (R highlighted)

Palatine

____ bones complete the posterior part of the HARD PALATE

nasal

____ bones form bridge of nose

Humerus

____ in Brachium

Apex

____ of sacrum points inferiorly, base is broad superior surface

body

____ of vertebrae

appendicular

____ skeleton: shoulder and hip bones and those of upper and lower extremities

Ball Socket

____-and-_____ Joint (Synovial) -MULTIaxial, spherical head into cuplike socket

Trochlea

_____ PULLEY-shaped, medial projection of distal humerus for articulation w/ Ulna

suture

_____ immovable joint between skull bones

Sacrum

_____ triangular bone forming posterior wall of pelvic cavity

Dense

_____ (compact) bone is made up of osteons

Glial

_____ Cells -Cells of nervous tissue -nonexcitable cells that SUPPORT & PROTECT the neurons

Radial

_____ Fossa -for head of RADIUS

True

_____ Pelvis -Bony basin inferior to pelvic brim containing pelvic organs

False

_____ Pelvis -Superior to pelvic brim bound by ilia laterally and abdominal wall anteriorly

rectus abdominis

_____ _____ "abs" Long straplike muscle between sternum and pubic symphysis -lines formed by tendinous intersections

Linea Aspera

_____ _____ -Ridge on Post. shaft of Femur for attachment of many thigh muscles -Distally splits into medial and lateral Supracondylar LINES

Auditory ossicles

_____ _____ 3 tiny bones in petrous part of temporal bone for hearing -Malleus -Incus -Stapes

Spinous process

_____ _____ of vertebrae

vertebral arch

_____ _____ of vertebrae

Knee Joint

_____ _____ supporting structures -Quadriceps tendon -Fibular (Lateral) Collateral Ligament (LCL) -Tibial (Medial) Collateral Ligament (MCL) -Anterior & Posterior Cruciate Ligaments (ACL & PCL) --PCL is bigger and stronger

Deep fascia

_____ _____: large sheet external to epimysium CT -surround ea. skeletal muscle, binds muscles w/ similar functions -Dens Irreg. CT w/ vessels & nerves

Intertubercular Sulcus

_____ ______ for passage of biceps brachii tendon and muscle attachment, depression between tubercles

quadratus lumborum

_____ ______ muscles are located primarily in the LUMBAR region. -both extend vertebral column -one laterally flexes

medial longitudinal

_____ ___________ arch: (1) from Heel->Hallux -Highest arch

spongy

_____ bone Open lattice of narrow plates called TRABECULAE Internal surface of bones

compact

_____ bone Solid and relatively dense External surfaces of long and flat bones

lacrimal

_____ bones "tears" located in medial orbital walls

cranial

_____ bones 8 bones that surround and enclose brain

long

_____ bones are greater in length than width tibia, fibula, humerus,

short

_____ bones are nearly equal length and width tarsal

irregular

_____ bones have complex shapes vertebrae

flat

_____ bones have thin surfaces frontal bones, scapula

optic canal

_____ canal <-include

ventral

_____ cavity -Abdominopelvic Cavity --Abdominal Cavity --Pelvic Cavity

Organic

_____ components of bone (about 1/3 of bone mass) Cells, collagen fibers, ground substance TENSILE (stretch) strength

secondary

_____ curves -cervical and lumbar -appear at 3-4 months of age

popliteus

_____ forms floor of POPLITEAL fossa and acts to flex leg -moves knee

Head

_____ of Femur -articulates w/ os coxae at acetabulum

paranasal

_____ sinuses -air-filled spaces in skull bones around nasal cavity -mucous lining humidifies air -lightens skull -resonant chambers for sound when speaking

corrugator

_____ supercilii Muscle that draws eyebrows together, making them pinch and wrinkle (vertical lines)

Sagittal

_____ suture

coronal

_____ suture

lambdoid

_____ suture

Lumbar

_____ vertebrae large "moose"

Thoracic

_____ vertebrae all articulate w/ ribs at Demi Facet -spinous processes point down "giraffe"

Bursae

______ Sacs outside of most Synovial Joints where ligaments, muscles, tendons, or bones RUB -contain Synovial Fluid

Capitulum

______ round, LATERAL, projection of distal humerus for articulation w/ Radius

Lunula

______ white semilunar portion of nail body caused by thickened underlying stratum basale obscuring capillaries in dermis

Knee

______ Joint -Diarthrotic joint between femur and leg bones (largest & most complex diarthrosis of body) -Tibiofemoral Joint -Menisci Patellofemoral Joint

Elbow

______ Joint -joint between humerus and ulna and radius brachii and antebrachii

Saddle

______ Joint (Synovial) -BIaxial, joint surface resembles SADDLE shape

Condylar

______ Joint (Synovial) -BIaxial, oval, concave surface of 1 bone, convex surface of other

Pivot

______ Joint (Synovial) -UNIaxial, 1 bone rotates on its longitudinal axis ROTATIONAL motion

Plane

______ Joint (Synovial) -UNIaxial, Side-to-side movement (least moveable) GLIDING motion

Hinge

______ Joint (Synovial) -UNIaxial, like HINGE of door ANGULAR motion

Fibrous

______ Joints: Gomphoses: joints between teeth and mandible/maxilla (Synarthroses) Sutures: Joints between skull (Synarthroses) Syndesmosis: Joints between parallel bones (amphiarthroses)

interstitial

______ Lamellae Leftover parts of osteon that have been partially resorbed

Smooth

______ Muscle -found in walls of Viscera and Blood Vessels

Gluteal

______ Tuberosity -Posterior rough region for attachment of GLUTEUS maximus muscle (Femur)

Tibial Tuberosity

______ _____ -rough anterior projection inferior to condyles (on TIBIA)

Central canal

______ _____ of osteon carries vessels and nerves in center of osteon

satellite cells

______ _____ protect cell bodies in PNS ganglia

Anterior Border

______ ______ -Ridge along ANTERIOR surface of Tibia (shin)

transverse abdominis

______ _______ The deepest muscle of the abdominal muscles. Fibers project TRANSVERSELY across abdomen

hyoid

______ bone -located in between mandible and larynx -floating

Perforating

______ canals Run perpendicular to help connect multiple central canals Passageways for blood vessels and nerves

hyaline

______ cartilage is smooth, at the end of bones, help with articulation

elastic

______ cartilage that retains shape and is flexible, in the ear

Dendritic

______ cells are derived from white blood cells that phagocytize pathogens in the epidermis

primary

______ curves -Thoracic and sacral

Transitional

______ epithelial tissue lined the urinary bladder

osteocytes

______ housed in lacunae between lamellae

Striae

______ is the term for stretch marks

skeletal

______ muscles functions: -Body movement! -Maintain posture -Protection & Support -Regulate elimination of materials -Heat Production

Squamous

______ suture

Deltoid

______ tuberosity On shaft of humerus, for attachment of DELTOID muscle

neurons

_______ -Cell of nervous tissue -electrically excitable cells, initiate, transmit, receive nerve impulses (SIGNAL) -NONMITOTIC

Canaliculi

_______ Tiny, interconnecting channels that extend between lacunae Allow osteocytes to connect and communicate

calvaria

_______ skullcap, roof of cranium -made of parietal bones and parts of frontal and occipital bones

Olecranon

_______ Fossa -large basin the accomodates OLECRANON process of ulna (posterior)

Synovial

_______ Joints: -Freely mobile (Diarthroses) -Articulating bones separated by joint Cavity

Circumferential

_______ Lamellae Rings of bone immediately internal to the periosteum or internal to the endosteum Run the entire circumference of the bone

Somatic

_______ Motor Nervous System is voluntary -conducts impulses that cause contraction of skeletal muscles

Rectus

_______ Muscles (eye) -medial, lateral, inferior, and superior (A,B,D,E)

central

_______ Nervous System Glial Cells -Astrocytes (BBB) -Ependymal Cells (CSF) -Microglial Cells (phagocytosis) -Oligodendrocytes (Myelin Sheath)

coronal

_______ Plane -separates body into Ant. and Post.

arrector pili

_______ ____ muscles attach to hair shaft (goosebumps)

microglial cells

_______ ____ phagocytize waste (neural cells

Sensory nerves

_______ ______ detect pain and amount of stretch in joint (Synovial Joint)

lateral longitudinal

_______ ___________ arch: (3) from Heel->5th Toe -Lowest arch

Synapses

_______ are specialized junctions between 2 Neurons -some are connections between a neuron & muscle cell or gland cell

Inorganic

_______ components of matrix (bone): Primarily hydroxyapatite (calcium) COMPRESSIONAL strength

lacunae

_______ contain osteocytes

astrocytes

_______ help form the blood-brain barrier

Fovea

_______ of Femur -Dent in head of femur for ligament to acetabulum

neurons

_______ of the nervous system are unmitotic -they do not replicate, you have what you are born with

Muscle

_______ tissues exhibit -Excitability -Conductivity (electric) -Contractility (contract) -Elasticity (lengthen) -Extensibility (hyperextend)

antagonist

________ -A muscle whose action OPPOSES that of an Agonist

Myofilaments

________ -Strands of proteins that allow for contraction -Thick filaments (myosin) -Thin Filaments (Actin)

agonist

________ -contraction produces the movement; also called the Prime Mover

Myofibrils

________ -cylinders w/in Muscle Fibers -Ability to SHORTEN (contract) -Contain Myofilaments (strands of pro allow for contraction, thick and thin)

osteoporosis

________ Decrease in bone mass -increase chance of bone fractures

chondroblasts

________ cells that produce(build) matrix

chondrocytes

________ mature cartilage cells, surrounded by matrix

Coronoid

________ Fossa -for CORONOID of Ulna

Patellofemoral

________ Joint -part of knee joint -Between Patella and patellar surface of Femur

Tibiofemoral

________ Joint -part of the knee joint -between Tibial condyles and Femur condyles -Medial and lateral menisci (fibrocart. pads) on tibial condyles

Cartilaginous

________ Joints: Bones attached by cartilage Synchondroses: Hyaline (synarthroses) Symphyses: Pad of Fibrocartilage (amphiarthroses)

sagittal

________ Plane -Splits body into L & R -Directectly down center is Mid________ (same term)

Patellar

________ Surface -Smooth anterior region between condyles where PATELLA articulates w/ the Femur

Intercondylar Fossa

________ _____ -Deep posterior Depression that separates the CONDYLES on Femur

Osteopenia

________ insufficient ossification (bone formation)

Special

________ movements (Synovial Joints) -movements that can't be classified as Gliding, Angular, or Rotational -Eversion, Inversion, Protraction, Retraction, etc.

Oblique

________ muscles (eye) -Inferior and Superior (6,3)

Synergist

_________ -A muscle that ASSISTS the Agonist in performing its action

Ependymal

_________ Cells (CNS Glial Cell) *-Help produce Cerebral Spinal Fluid & help form choroid plexus -Ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells that line ventricles of brain and central canal of spinal cord

Microglial

_________ Cells (CNS Glial Cell) *-small cells that move through CNS and engulf debris (PHAGOCYTOSIS)

satellite

_________ Cells (PNS Glial Cell) -Flattened cells arranged around neuronal cell bodies in ganglia -Regulate fluid composition around neuron cell bodies

Superficial fascia

_________ _____: separates skeletal muscle from skin -Areolar and Adipose CT

oligodendrocytes

_________ are large cells that ensheath many different axons

myelination

_________ is the process of wrapping the axon w/ a Myelin Sheath to electrically insulate it

skeletal

_________ system is an organ system with tissues that grow and change throughout life -bones -cartilage -ligaments

sarcomeres

__________ -structural and functional units w/in a Myofibril

vasoconstriction

__________ Narrowing of blood vessel diameter; used to shunt blood away from periphery (cold)

vasodilation

__________ Widening blood vessel diameter, used to move blood towards periphery for releasing heat (hot)

dendrites

__________ are short processes that branch from the neuron cell body -Receive Signals & transfer them to cell body

neurolemmocytes

__________ create myelin sheath in PNS Also called Schwann cells

Glenohumeral

__________ (shoulder) Joint -Joint between glenoid cavity of scapula and head of humerus

Radiocarpal

__________ (wrist) Joint -between radius and carpal bones

transverse

__________ Arch: (2) Perpendicular to other arches of foot, along distal row of tarsals

autonomic

__________ Motor Nervous System is INvoluntary -conducts impulses that regulate smooth and cardiac muscle, as well as glands

circumferential

__________ lamellae

Transverse Tubules

___________ __________ (T-Tubules) Deep invaginations of the Sarcolemma (plasma mem of skeletal musc) that extend into the Sarcoplasm (skel musc cytoplasm) ---Carry Impulses from Sarcolemma to help Stimulate Contraction---

sternoclavicular

____________ Joint -Between sternum and clavicle

presynaptic

____________ Neuron: Has synaptic knobs at axon endings for sending signal

postsynaptic

____________ Neuron: Receives signal

Intertrochanteric Line

_____________ _____ -Anterior Between Trochanters marking distal edge of hip capsule

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

_____________ ____________ (SR) Internal membrane complex (skeletal muscle) -stores CALCIUM (initiate contraction) -includes Terminal Cisternae adjacent to T-Tubules

fibrocartilage

______________ is the type of cartilage that is for shock absorption, sits in between vertebral discs

Oligodendrocytes

_______________ (CNS Glial Cell) *-Produce MYELIN, insulator of electrical activity -Associated w/ CNS axons only -wrap themselves round the axons like electrical tape around a wire

Neurolemmocytes

________________ (PNS Glial Cell) -Produce MYELIN -insulator of electricity -Wrap around axon -"Schwann cells" -PNS Axons Only

acromioclavicular

__________________ joint -Between acromion process of scapula and acromial side of clavicle "AC joint"

adipo

_____cytes, cells that contain fat (loose CT)

superior orbital fissures

above eye slit

trochlear notch

accommodates TROCHLEA of humerus -ulna

infraorbital foramen

below eye hole

inferior orbital fissure

below eye slit

nuchal lines

both lines

scapula

broad flat triangle. 3 borders, 3 edges -Glenoid Cavity -Spine -Acromion Process -Coracoid Process -Subscapular Fossa

alveolar margin

bumps of teeth, jaw ridge

involuntary

cardiac and smooth muscle are _________ muscle (unconsciously moved)

occipital condyles

condyles <-include

anterior middle posterior

cranial fossa from anterior to posterior (showing middle)

brachialis

deep to biceps brachii, lies on ant surface of humerus -Most Powerful FLEXOR of forearm at elbow

acoustic meatus

external

zygomatic bones

form cheek and lateral wall of orbits

mental foramen

holes at chin area

mandibular foramen

holes on inside of mandibular rami

perforating

in osteons, horizontal canals leading from one central canal to another __________ canal

coronoid process

inferior lip of trochlear notch -inferior to olecranon process

triceps brachii

large, THREE headed muscle on posterior surface of arm -Prime EXTENSOR of forearm -antagonistic to biceps brachii -insertion on olecranon of ulna

Radial notch

lateral, accommodates head of RADIUS -prox Ulna

Lunate Triquetrum Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium

list the carpal bones -Scaphoid -______ -______ -Pisiform -Hamate -_______ -_______ -______

mylohyoid

muscular floor of mouth, broad, flat, MOLARS to hyoid

coronoid process

n

mandibular notch

notch

cribriform plate

plate has holes, ethmoid bone

perpendicular plate

plate of ethmoid bone (not parallel)

carpi ulnaris

positioned to both flex wrist and adduct hand most lateral of superficial forearm brachioradialis -> pfpF

Navicular

rectangular Tarsal Bone, touches cuneiforms

erythrocytes

red blood cells, occur in red bone marrow

crista galli

rhino nose

peripheral

sensory and motor nerves are part of the ______ nervous system

voluntary

skeletal muscle is _______ muscle (consciously moved)

alveoli

sockets for teeth

Head

the ____ of the ulna is at the DISTAL end

Styloid process

the _____ _____ is the medial 'wrist bump' -Ulna

external occipital crest

the crest

carpals

there are 8 wrist bones called _____

five

there are ____ metacarpals in the palm -I is the base of the thumb

leukocytes

white blood cells