Anatomy Sem1 chapter 1 exam

_________ investigates the body's structures, whereas ____________investigates the processes or functions of living things.

anatomy, physiology

Give the opposite of the term posterior.

anterior

Select the five requirements for life to be maintained. growth reproduction appropriate atmospheric pressure oxygen heat/appropriate body temperature water movement nutrients

appropriate atmospheric pressure, oxygen, heat/appropriate body temperature, water, nutrients

The anatomical position is used ________. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body rarely, because people don't usually assume this position only when a body is lying down as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a specimen

as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body

The term that describes the heel region is ________.

calcaneus

The smallest basic living unit of humans is the _______. atom cell chemical molecule

cell

What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called? (Select the two words from the list that refer to this section,) sagittal coronal transverse median frontal

coronal and frontal

Give the opposite of the term superficial.

deep

Which two body systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body? (Hint: one contains glands and the other nerves) integumentary endocrine nervous muscular cardiovascular

endocrine, nervous

During homeostatic imbalance negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally. True False

false

The digital region on the manus are proximal to the elbow. True False

false

The heart is superficial to the ribs. True False

false

The ventral body cavity contains only digestive organs. True False

false

Select the option which shows decreasing levels of complexity. human, nervous system, brain, neuron, water molecule, oxygen atom atom, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism organ, organ system, tissue, cell, atom, molecule

human, nervous system, brain, neuron, water molecule, oxygen atom

The hallux is _________ to the 5th digit (little toe). lateral superior inferior medial

inferior

Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? appendix liver stomach intestines

intestines

The term that means "away from the midline" is _________. medial proximal distal lateral

lateral

Failure of negative feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis ________. may produce disease cannot be corrected with medical treatment occurs when blood pressure increases during exercise can be corrected with a positive feedback mechanism

may produce disease

In which cavities are the lungs located? pericardial, ventral, and thoracic pleural, dorsal, and abdominal ventral and thoracic mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral

mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral

After running up a flight of stairs, a person's heart rate and blood pressure are all elevated due the controlling effect of the medulla oblongata in the brain. What mechanism will the body use to respond to these stimuli? a combination of negative and positive feedback neither negative or positive feedback positive feedback negative feedback

negative feedback

Which body system responds very quickly to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses (our fast response system)? endocrine nervous lymphatic muscular

nervous

Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli? lymphatic immune muscular nervous

nervous

________ is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function not the structure of specific organs or organic systems. (Hint: one of the branches of science you are studying this semester)

physiology

Which feedback mechanism causes the variable to deviate further and further from its original value or range?

positive

Which body system would be most affected by a lower than normal atmospheric pressure?

respiratory

Which of the following characteristics of life helps maintain homeostasis when environmental conditions change? growth and development organization metabolism reproduction responsiveness

responsiveness

What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called? regional frontal transverse sagittal

sagittal

One of the functional characteristics of life is responsiveness. This refers to ________. sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system the necessity for all organisms to reproduce the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger

sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them

A body temperature of 98.6 degrees F (37 degrees C) is the ___________ for body temperature as it relates to a negative feedback mechanism. constant lower limit set point upper limit

set point

Which body system provides levers for the muscles to work on and support for the body allowing movement? muscular skeletal integumentary nervous

skeletal

Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? cranial cavity spinal cord vertebral cavity thoracic cavity

thoracic cavity

The term pollex refers to the ________. fingers thumb calf great toe

thumb

A group of cells with similar structure and function, together with the extracellular substances located between them, form a(n) _________. tissue organelle organ organism

tissue

What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback? to control all body system tissues to keep the body's sugar high to maintain homeostasis to regulate excretion

to maintain homeostasis

Function of system depends on structure of systems. True False

true

Homeostatic imbalance indicates that the internal environment is becoming less stable. True False

true

Homeostatic imbalance is the cause of most disease. True False

true

The head is superior to the feet even if your patient is doing a handstand. True False

true

The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ________. hydrogen water oxygen protein

water