Anatomy Sem1 chapter 1 exam
_________ investigates the body's structures, whereas ____________investigates the processes or functions of living things.
anatomy, physiology
Give the opposite of the term posterior.
anterior
Select the five requirements for life to be maintained. growth reproduction appropriate atmospheric pressure oxygen heat/appropriate body temperature water movement nutrients
appropriate atmospheric pressure, oxygen, heat/appropriate body temperature, water, nutrients
The anatomical position is used ________. as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body rarely, because people don't usually assume this position only when a body is lying down as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a specimen
as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual position of the body
The term that describes the heel region is ________.
calcaneus
The smallest basic living unit of humans is the _______. atom cell chemical molecule
cell
What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called? (Select the two words from the list that refer to this section,) sagittal coronal transverse median frontal
coronal and frontal
Give the opposite of the term superficial.
deep
Which two body systems work together to maintain homeostasis in the body? (Hint: one contains glands and the other nerves) integumentary endocrine nervous muscular cardiovascular
endocrine, nervous
During homeostatic imbalance negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally. True False
false
The digital region on the manus are proximal to the elbow. True False
false
The heart is superficial to the ribs. True False
false
The ventral body cavity contains only digestive organs. True False
false
Select the option which shows decreasing levels of complexity. human, nervous system, brain, neuron, water molecule, oxygen atom atom, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism organ, organ system, tissue, cell, atom, molecule
human, nervous system, brain, neuron, water molecule, oxygen atom
The hallux is _________ to the 5th digit (little toe). lateral superior inferior medial
inferior
Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? appendix liver stomach intestines
intestines
The term that means "away from the midline" is _________. medial proximal distal lateral
lateral
Failure of negative feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis ________. may produce disease cannot be corrected with medical treatment occurs when blood pressure increases during exercise can be corrected with a positive feedback mechanism
may produce disease
In which cavities are the lungs located? pericardial, ventral, and thoracic pleural, dorsal, and abdominal ventral and thoracic mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral
mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral
After running up a flight of stairs, a person's heart rate and blood pressure are all elevated due the controlling effect of the medulla oblongata in the brain. What mechanism will the body use to respond to these stimuli? a combination of negative and positive feedback neither negative or positive feedback positive feedback negative feedback
negative feedback
Which body system responds very quickly to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses (our fast response system)? endocrine nervous lymphatic muscular
nervous
Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli? lymphatic immune muscular nervous
nervous
________ is explained by chemical and physical principles and is concerned with the function not the structure of specific organs or organic systems. (Hint: one of the branches of science you are studying this semester)
physiology
Which feedback mechanism causes the variable to deviate further and further from its original value or range?
positive
Which body system would be most affected by a lower than normal atmospheric pressure?
respiratory
Which of the following characteristics of life helps maintain homeostasis when environmental conditions change? growth and development organization metabolism reproduction responsiveness
responsiveness
What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called? regional frontal transverse sagittal
sagittal
One of the functional characteristics of life is responsiveness. This refers to ________. sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system the necessity for all organisms to reproduce the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger
sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them
A body temperature of 98.6 degrees F (37 degrees C) is the ___________ for body temperature as it relates to a negative feedback mechanism. constant lower limit set point upper limit
set point
Which body system provides levers for the muscles to work on and support for the body allowing movement? muscular skeletal integumentary nervous
skeletal
Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? cranial cavity spinal cord vertebral cavity thoracic cavity
thoracic cavity
The term pollex refers to the ________. fingers thumb calf great toe
thumb
A group of cells with similar structure and function, together with the extracellular substances located between them, form a(n) _________. tissue organelle organ organism
tissue
What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback? to control all body system tissues to keep the body's sugar high to maintain homeostasis to regulate excretion
to maintain homeostasis
Function of system depends on structure of systems. True False
true
Homeostatic imbalance indicates that the internal environment is becoming less stable. True False
true
Homeostatic imbalance is the cause of most disease. True False
true
The head is superior to the feet even if your patient is doing a handstand. True False
true
The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ________. hydrogen water oxygen protein
water
