24.14-24.15 Digestion and Absorption. Aging
Bile salts are necessary to _____. emulsify lipids chemically digest proteins chemically digest starch emulsify proteins chemically digest lipids
A
Bile salts emulsify lipids and thus ______ the surface area for the digestive enzymes.. increase decrease
A
Cholesterol is transported from the tissues for disposal by ______, which is sometimes called the 'good' lipoprotein, while ______ is called 'bad' because it can lead to cholesterol being deposited in arterial walls. HDL, LDL LDL, HDL
A
Describe how lipids are transported through the blood. Lipids are combined with protein to form lipoproteins. Lipids are carried by blood cells through the body. Lipids are combined with cholesterol to be transported in the blood. Lipids are never transported in the blood but in the lymph.
A
Pepsin aids in the chemical digestion of ______. It is secreted by the ______. proteins, stomach proteins, pancreas lipids, small intestine lipids, stomach starch, stomach
A
The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the ______. small intestine large intestine stomach mouth
A
The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the ______. small intestine stomach large intestine mouth
A
Why is emulsification of lipids important? Emulsification increases surface area for digestive enzymes. Emulsification activates digestive enzymes.
A
Identify the structures where lipid digestion occurs. Select all that apply. Small intestine Stomach Esophagus Colon Mouth
A B
Identify the structures where lipid digestion occurs. Select all that apply. Stomach Small intestine Colon Esophagus Mouth
A B
Identify the substances that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply. Pepsin Peptidases Carboxypeptidase Trypsin Amylase
A B C D
Identify the substances that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply. Trypsin Pepsin Peptidases Amylase Carboxypeptidase
A B C E
Identify the structures that secrete enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of proteins. Select all that apply. Pancreas Stomach Salivary glands Large intestine Small intestine
A B E
Identify the structures where lipid digestion occurs. Select all that apply. Stomach Esophagus Small intestine Colon Mouth
A C
Identify the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply. Reduction in motility Thickening of the connective tissue layers Decrease in mucus production Thinning of tooth enamel Increased blood supply
A C D E
Identify the structures that secrete lipase. Select all that apply. Pancreas Small intestine Salivary glands Lingual glands
A D
A lipid droplet surrounded by bile salts in the small intestine is called a _____. chylomicron micelle triglyceride lacteal
B
Describe emulsification. The production of vitamin K in the colon by bacteria The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller droplets The secretion of digestive enzymes with exposure to food aromas The absorption of nutrients across the brush border of the small intestine
B
Identify the structure where the majority of digestion takes place. Stomach Duodenum Jejunum Ilium Colon
B
LDL is considered _____ while HDL is considered _____. good, bad bad, good
B
The majority of lipase is secreted by the _____. colon pancreas salivary glands liver small intestine
B
The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the ______. large intestine small intestine mouth stomach
B
______ digestion breaks covalent bonds in organic molecules through the action of digestive enzymes. Mechanical Chemical
B
Identify the structures that secrete lipase. Select all that apply. Salivary glands Lingual glands Small intestine Pancreas Correct Answer
B D
A chylomicron is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______. protein, bile salts lipid, proteins protein, lipids lipid, bile salts
B Reason: A micelle is a lipid droplet surrounded by bile salts.
The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ______. large intestine small intestine stomach esophagus mouth
B Reason: Starch is broken down into disaccharides in the mouth, but the chemical digestion of disaccharides does NOT occur until the disaccharides reach the small intestine.
A micelle is a ______ droplet surrounded by ______. protein, bile salts protein, lipid lipid, bile salts lipid, protein
C
Identify the structure where the majority of digestion takes place. Jejunum Stomach Duodenum Colon Ilium
C
Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pepsin all aid in the chemical digestion of ______. starch disaccharides proteins triglycerides
C
Select the effects of aging on the digestive system. Select all that apply. Increased secretion by the gastric glands Thickening of the connective tissue layers of the digestive tract Decreases in the amount of mucus secreted Decline in the liver's ability to detoxify chemicals
C D
Identify the enzymes that aid in the chemical digestion of carbohydrates. Select all that apply. Trypsin Peptidases Amylase Lipase Disaccharidases
C E
Chemical digestion of starch due to secretion of enzymes occurs in the ______. Select all that apply. esophagus stomach mouth colon small intestine
C E Reason: Although there is minimal digestion of starch in the stomach prior to the secretion of HCL, the stomach does not secrete enzymes that aid in starch digestion.
Amylase promotes the partial digestion of ______. protein disaccharides lipids starch
D
The enzyme that chemically digests lipid molecules is _____. disaccharidases peptidases bile salts lipase amylase
D
Identify the substance necessary to emulsify lipids. Lipase Amylase Trypsin Peptidases Bile salts
E Reason: Lipases chemically digest lipids but bile salts emulsify them.
A type of lipoprotein consisting of mostly triglycerides along with phospholipids, cholesterol and protein is a(n) Blank 1 of 1.
chylomicrons
type of lipoprotein consisting of mostly triglycerides along with phospholipids, cholesterol and protein is a(n) Blank 1 of 1.
chylomicrons
The majority of digestion occurs within the portion of the small intestine called the Blank 1 of 1.
duodenum
The process by which bile salts transform large lipid droplets into much smaller lipid droplets is called Blank 1 of 1.
emulsification
Lipids are chemically digested by the enzyme Blank 1 of 1.
lipase
Lipids combine with protein to form Blank 1 of 1 that are transported in the blood.
lipoprotein
Large food particles are physically broken down into smaller food particles by Blank 1 of 1 digestion.
mechanical