Anatomy Skeletal System
A foramen is an opening in the bone which allows nerves and blood vessels to pass.
True
Spongey bone is found in the epiphyses.
True
The acromion is appendicular
True
The central canal that carries blood vessels and nerves in the compact bones, the Haversian Canal.
True
The occipital bone is axial
True
The skull, mandible, and clavicle are intramembranous bones.
True
The sternum is axial
True
Where does the clavicle articulate with the scapula?
acromion plate
What is a round head fitting into a cup shaped depression called?
ball and socket
What does a centrally located foramen magnum indicate about the organisms walking?
bipedalism
What is the name of the heel bone?
calcaneus
What are the narrow-passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes?
canaliculi
What does endochrondial ossification begin with?
cartilaginous model
What does the presence of an epiphyseal line indicate?
epiphyseal growth has ended
What is the longest and heaviest bone in the body?
femur
sulcus
groove
tuberosity
large, rounded, roughened projection
What is the portion of the sternum that articulates with the clavicles?
manubrim
How many pairs of ribs do humans have?
12
How many thoracic vertebrae does the vertebral column contain?
12
Immature bone cells are derived from stem cells called
mesenchyme/osteoproginator
What is the normal loss of bone that occurs with aging?
osteoporosis
Name the functions of the skeletal system.
protection support movement mineral homeostasis energy storage vascular production
Axial Skeleton
ribs cranium facial vertebral column sternum
fossa
shallow depression
facet
smooth flat articular surface
What is one role of the fontanels?
to allows for compression of skull during childbirth
What are the plates/lattice of bone found in spongey bone called?
trabeculae
meatus
tube-like passageway or tuberance
What does the radius articulate with?
ulna
trochanter
very large projection
What can improper administration of CPR break?
xiphoid process
How many cervical vertebrae does the vertebral column contain?
7
The coccyx is appendicular
False
The diaphysis is the sheet of dense connective tissue surrounding the outer surface of the long bone.
False
The sternum is an irregular bone.
False
The trochanter is large, round protuberance.
False
Appendicular Skeleton
arms legs pelvic girdle pectoral girdle
Foramen
opening
What are cells that secret the organic components of the bone matrix?
osteoblast
These cells differentiate into _______ that secrete matrix. Then these bone cells get stuck in the chamber of _______ and are now considered mature bone cells or _______. This process of _________ ossification. Something very similar occurs when cartilage turns to bone. The stem cells will turn into cartilage producing cells called _______. They will secrete matrix as well and get stuck in their chamber and then be considered adult cartilage cells called ________. This occurs as the later stages of _________ ossification.
osteoblast lacuna osteocyte intramembranous chondroblast chondrocyte endochondral
What are large, multinucleated cells that can disolve the bony matrix?
osteoclast
What are mature bone cells?
osteocytes
