Anatomy Skeletal System

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A foramen is an opening in the bone which allows nerves and blood vessels to pass.

True

Spongey bone is found in the epiphyses.

True

The acromion is appendicular

True

The central canal that carries blood vessels and nerves in the compact bones, the Haversian Canal.

True

The occipital bone is axial

True

The skull, mandible, and clavicle are intramembranous bones.

True

The sternum is axial

True

Where does the clavicle articulate with the scapula?

acromion plate

What is a round head fitting into a cup shaped depression called?

ball and socket

What does a centrally located foramen magnum indicate about the organisms walking?

bipedalism

What is the name of the heel bone?

calcaneus

What are the narrow-passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes?

canaliculi

What does endochrondial ossification begin with?

cartilaginous model

What does the presence of an epiphyseal line indicate?

epiphyseal growth has ended

What is the longest and heaviest bone in the body?

femur

sulcus

groove

tuberosity

large, rounded, roughened projection

What is the portion of the sternum that articulates with the clavicles?

manubrim

How many pairs of ribs do humans have?

12

How many thoracic vertebrae does the vertebral column contain?

12

Immature bone cells are derived from stem cells called

mesenchyme/osteoproginator

What is the normal loss of bone that occurs with aging?

osteoporosis

Name the functions of the skeletal system.

protection support movement mineral homeostasis energy storage vascular production

Axial Skeleton

ribs cranium facial vertebral column sternum

fossa

shallow depression

facet

smooth flat articular surface

What is one role of the fontanels?

to allows for compression of skull during childbirth

What are the plates/lattice of bone found in spongey bone called?

trabeculae

meatus

tube-like passageway or tuberance

What does the radius articulate with?

ulna

trochanter

very large projection

What can improper administration of CPR break?

xiphoid process

How many cervical vertebrae does the vertebral column contain?

7

The coccyx is appendicular

False

The diaphysis is the sheet of dense connective tissue surrounding the outer surface of the long bone.

False

The sternum is an irregular bone.

False

The trochanter is large, round protuberance.

False

Appendicular Skeleton

arms legs pelvic girdle pectoral girdle

Foramen

opening

What are cells that secret the organic components of the bone matrix?

osteoblast

These cells differentiate into _______ that secrete matrix. Then these bone cells get stuck in the chamber of _______ and are now considered mature bone cells or _______. This process of _________ ossification. Something very similar occurs when cartilage turns to bone. The stem cells will turn into cartilage producing cells called _______. They will secrete matrix as well and get stuck in their chamber and then be considered adult cartilage cells called ________. This occurs as the later stages of _________ ossification.

osteoblast lacuna osteocyte intramembranous chondroblast chondrocyte endochondral

What are large, multinucleated cells that can disolve the bony matrix?

osteoclast

What are mature bone cells?

osteocytes


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