Ancient Egypt
Logograms/Ideograms
A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound
Middle Kingdom Egypt
(2040 BCE - 1640 BCE) Period in ancient Egyptian history characterized by internal strife and hardships, and the invasion, and subsequent take over by the neighboring Hyksos.
Old Kingdom
(2575 BCE - 2134 BCE) Period in ancient Egyptian history characterized by the building of the Great Pyramids at Giza.
Pharaoh Tutankhamen
-1333-1323, boy only royal tomb found fully intact - known as "King Tut"
Bent Pyramid
3rd pyramid, built by Seneferu, first attempt at classic shape but made too steep and had to be sloped
Cepheren/Khafre
A Fourth Dynasty Egyptian king who constructed a pyramid at Giza that was slightly smaller than the one constructed by Cheops. The great Sphinx is located alongside the Cepheren valley temple.
Hierakonpolis
Along with Abydos, one of the two centers of Egypt during the late Predynastic period and the First Dynasty
Hieroglyphics
An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
Narmer Palette
An artifact discovered at the site of Hierakonpolis; its two sides show the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under King Narmer
Osiris
Egyptian god of the underworld and judge of the dead When the pharaoh died they became his incarnation
Ma'at
Egyptian term for the concept of divinely created and maintained order in the universe. Reflecting the ancient Egyptians' belief in an essentially beneficent world, the divine ruler was the earthly guarantor of this order.
Amarna Period
It is characterized by a sense of movement and activity in images, with figures having raised heads, many figures overlapping and many scenes busy and crowded. Also, the human body is depicted more accurately as opposed to past glorification of pharaohs via preferable portrayal.
Egyptian Kingdoms
Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom
3 ancient Egyptian Languages
Old, Middle, and Late
Horus
Paramount God Human incarnation was the Pharaoh Falcon/Eye
King Akhenaten
Started monotheism with Aten, the Sun God. Was a Pharoah. Built a new capital-Ahkenaten. People destroyed it after his death and went back to old ways
Ra
Sun god of Egypt
Giza Pyramids
The largest and best-preserved pyramids. Consists of the Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre, the Pyramid of Menkaure and The Great Sphinx.
hieratic
a cursive writing system used in the provenance of the pharaohs in Egypt
Phonograms
a symbol representing a vocal sound
Menkaure/Mycerinus
after Khufu; built the third and smallest pyramid at Giza
Cheops/Khufu
pharaoh for whom the Great Pyramid was built Largest of the 4 Pyramids
Determinatives
signs that determined how the preceding glyphs should be interpreted
New Kingdom Egypt
the period 1550 BC-1050 BC where Egypt reached the height of its power and glory; King Ahmose key figure